Four bodies do not work hard, five grains do not divide(sì tǐ bù qín，wǔ gǔ bù fēn)

Four bodies do not work hard, five grains do not divide

It is an idiom that four bodies are not diligent and five grains are not divided. From the Analects of Confucius, Weizi: "the father-in-law said:" four bodies are not diligent, five grains are not divided, who is the master? "

Four body: refers to people's hands and feet; grain: usually refers to rice, millet, millet, wheat, Shu. If you don't take part in labor, you can't distinguish grains. It describes being divorced from productive labor and lacking productive knowledge.

brief introduction

In ancient Chinese, "Fen" and "dung" are synonymous with "Fen", and "dung" is the same as "Fen". In ancient times, there was a method of dung planting. The seeds were soaked in fertilizer and then planted, so that the seedlings could grow luxuriantly. Therefore, "Fen" should be read "f è n" instead of "Yin Ping" as we think Our youth in the new era must never be a nerd. Our youth in the new era must never be a nerd. synonyms are full of food and have nothing to do antonyms are tireless and painstaking the young lady of Xiehouyu Houmen, the young master of the palace the disciple of lantern riddle Confucius the meaning should be well understood, the theory should be connected with practice, and the practice should be emphasized

original text

Zilu followed (1), met his father-in-law (2), and took the staff Lotus (3) as an example (4). Zilu asked, "do you see Master (5) The father-in-law said: "four bodies are not diligent, five grains are not divided (6), which (7) is the master?" Plant (8) its stick and Yun (9). The sub road arches (10). Stop son Road, kill chicken for Millet (11) and eat (12). See (13) er Ziyan. Tomorrow (14), Zilu will go. Confucius said: "the hermit also." It makes Zilu see the opposite. When the time comes, it will be OK. Zilu said, "no official, no justice. How can we abolish the righteousness of the king and his ministers? If you want to clean your body, you will be in chaos. A gentleman's official is also a man of righteousness. It is known that Tao is not good. "

notes

1. From then on: follow the teacher. Follow, follow. 2. Father in law: honorific for the elder. He: carry. 4. 蓧: sound di à o, bamboo ware used in ancient farming. Teacher: This refers to the students' honorific title for teachers. No, it's a modal word, which means: "I'm busy planting grains, and I don't have leisure. How can I know who your master is?" Yu Yue of Qing Dynasty pointed out that "bu" in these two sentences is an auxiliary word, not a negative adverb. He pointed out that his father-in-law here said to himself, "if you are diligent, you can't manage the teacher you are talking about." he also said, "if you are not diligent, you can't be responsible. If you meet an youpingshui, you will be angry Is that right. On the other hand, the father-in-law reproached Zilu, saying that Zilu did not work hard and did not share the grain. This view is as mentioned in Zhu Xi's Jizhu. We thought that Zilu and his father-in-law had just said a word, but his father-in-law didn't know whether Zilu really didn't work hard. And as Yu Yue of Qing Dynasty said, two people meet for the first time. According to etiquette, people will not scold the person they meet for the first time, and they have no resentment or hatred, so it is impossible to scold Zilu or the "master" in their mouth. Therefore, we generally agree with the first statement, and the second statement is for reference only. 7. Body, limbs, hands and feet. 8. Zhi: it is similar to "菑" in pronunciation and meaning. It has the meaning of "insert" and is translated for [insert]. 9. Yun: through "work", weeding. Arch: arch hand. Millet: sound sh, sticky millet. 12. Food: sound s ì, verb used to give food to. See: sound Xi à n, verb use such as make move, make... See. Tomorrow: the next day.

translation

Zilu followed Confucius on a study tour and fell behind. When Zilu was on his way, he met an old farmer with farm tools. Zilu came forward and asked him, "do you see my teacher?" The old farmer said, "planting in spring and harvesting in summer is for the season. Now everyone is working. Your teacher should not work with you. Where can you find your teacher?" Zilu felt that the old farmer's words were very reasonable, so he showed a very respectful attitude towards the old farmer. When the old farmer saw that Zilu was a knowledgeable and reasonable man, he let Zilu stay overnight and entertained him in his own home. the next morning, Zilu continued on his way. When he saw Confucius, he told him what happened when he met the old farmer. Confucius said, "this must be a cultivated hermit." He asked Zilu to introduce him to the old farmer. Later, Zilu sighed, "it's unjust to have talent but not to do anything. Even if you understand the truth, you only know the details. Can you discard the so-called righteousness. To be clean and self reliant is to forget righteousness. A gentleman should aim to become a pillar of the country and benefit one side. The only way to be self reliant is to understand the main road, but not to promote the right way. Alas, I already know how the old man spent his life. “

analyse and comment on

In the past, there was a period when people thought that "four bodies are not diligent and five grains are not divided" in this chapter was a criticism of Confucius by the working people and so on. I'm afraid it's a matter of understanding and thinking. We don't want to comment on this because it was not scientific research, but political needs. In fact, the main point of this chapter lies not in this, but in the summary of the following sub road. That is to say, it is wrong to live in seclusion in the mountains. The relationship between the father-in-law and his son is still maintained, but the relationship between the monarch and his ministers is abandoned. This is not advocated by Confucianism. The word "Zhi" is omitted in "Yi Gao", which is translated as: "tell Confucius about it."

author

The Analects of Confucius is one of the classic works of the Confucian school, compiled by Confucius' disciples and their disciples. It mainly records the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples in the style of quotation and dialogue, and embodies Confucius' political ideas, theoretical thoughts, moral concepts and educational principles. together with the great learning, the doctrine of the mean, Mencius, the book of songs, the book of Shang, the book of rites, the book of changes and the spring and Autumn Annals, they are called "four books and five classics". The current edition of the Analects consists of 20 chapters.

source

"Four bodies are not diligent, five grains are not divided" is selected from the Analects of Confucius, Chapter 18, the chapter of the neutrino. The Analects of Confucius is a 40 volume quotation recording the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples, a famous thinker in ancient China. It was written by Confucius' disciples and his disciples. It is one of the classic works of Confucianism in ancient China and the first quotation style. The core of Confucius' political thought is "benevolence", "propriety" and "golden mean". The Analects of Confucius is a book recording the words and deeds of Confucius by his main disciples and his disciples. "The Analects of Confucius" is a dialogue between Confucius and his disciples, which focuses on recording words. "Lun" is the meaning of compilation, "Yu" is discourse. The Analects of Confucius is written by many hands. It is recorded by Confucius' disciples, Confucius' retransmitters, and other people outside Confucius. However, most of them are Confucius' disciples. The Analects of Confucius is a book recording the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples. As an excellent collection of quotations, it describes Confucius' remarks in concise and meaningful language. Confucius' instructive words recorded in the Analects of Confucius are either simple responses, or enlightening arguments, and eloquent; full of changes, and moving. The Analects of Confucius is a collection of Confucius' words and deeds, which was written in the early Warring States period. Because the first emperor of Qin, who burned books to dig Confucianism (although it was burning books to dig Confucianism, but it was actually some alchemists and books buried alive), had only been taught orally in the Western Han Dynasty, including 20 pieces of the Analects of Lu orally taught by the people of Lu, 22 pieces of the Analects of Qi orally taught by the people of Qi, and 21 pieces of the ancient Analects of Confucius found in the walls of Confucius' house. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Zhang Yu, the emperor's teacher, made a study of the Analects of Confucius according to the Analects of Lu and the Analects of Qi. According to the biography of Zhang Yu in the history of Han Dynasty, "the words of all the Confucians said:" if you want to read Zhang Wen for the treatise, read Zhang Wen. " So most of the scholars are from the Zhang family, and the rest of them are from the Wei family. " The Analects of Qi and the ancient Analects of Confucius soon disappeared. There are 20 chapters and 492 chapters in the Analects of Confucius, including 444 chapters about the conversation between Confucius and his disciples, and 48 chapters about the conversation between Confucius and his disciples.

Chinese PinYin : sì tǐ bù qín，wǔ gǔ bù fēn