Three evils and ten evils(sān fēng shí qiān)

Three evils and ten evils

Three evils and ten evils, Chinese idiom, Pinyin is s ā NF ē ngsh í Qi ā n, meaning three kinds of bad atmosphere, the breeding of ten kinds of evils, from Shangshu Yixun. In order to punish the crimes of officials in Shang Dynasty, there were three kinds of bad customs: Witchcraft, obscenity and promiscuity, and ten kinds of behaviors related to them, such as dancing in the palace, singing in the room, favoritism in goods and sex, constant in traveling, insulting holy words, rebelling against loyalty, far away from morality, and being more than naughty children.

Idiom explanation

explain

The three styles refer to: Witchcraft, obscenity and promiscuity, which exist in the bureaucratic class. Ten evils refer to: singing and dancing from time to time, being greedy for goods, sex and amusement, forgetting to return from hunting, insulting the sage, refusing the advice of honest people, alienating the virtuous elders, and making friends with naughty and unworthy people.

historical background

Kong Jia, the emperor of the Xia Dynasty, often indulged in wine, sex, singing and dancing, did nothing and ignored the government. At that time, this unhealthy trend was called "witchcraft wind". "Witchcraft" spread, and the Xia Dynasty never recovered. It spread to the Five Dynasties and was destroyed by the Shang Dynasty. Summing up the lessons of the fall of Xia Dynasty, Shangtang specially formulated a legal system, called "official punishment", which was specially formulated for the officials to warn the officials, that is, to combat the unhealthy tendencies and evils existing in the officials at that time. "Three evils" (such as witchcraft, obscenity and promiscuity) and "ten evils" (such as drinking and promiscuity, pursuing property and sex, wandering for fun, not listening to the advice of saints, refusing pertinent advice, alienating the elderly with high moral standing, and associating with the ignorant generation) will lead to the end of family and country if they are not stopped. Therefore, "official punishment" stipulates that all officials, regardless of their position, who violate any one of the "three evils and ten evils", shall be punished with ink punishment, and sent to the official (Mengshi) who specializes in enlightenment to receive training.

The origin of Idioms

"Dare to dance in the palace and sing in the room, it is called Wufeng. Dare to have died in the goods, constant in the tour, when that wind. Dare to have insulting words, against loyalty, far virtue, than naughty children, when called luanfeng. However, if there are three evils and ten evils, the family will be lost if there is one Qing and Shi in the body, and the country will be lost if there is one king in the body. "

Idiom usage

Example: ~ ancient precepts, you don't need Lishan to subjugate the country. The poem Lishan by Su Shi of Song Dynasty

Chinese PinYin : sān fēng shí qiān