ideal setting for a couple in love(qiáng tóu mǎ shàng)

Pei Shaojun

The synonym "wall horse" generally refers to Pei Shaojun's wall horse. Pei Shaojun's wall horse is a Zaju created by Bai Pu in Yuan Dynasty.

The play tells the story of Miss Li Qianjin and Pei Shaojun, who meet by chance in the garden and love each other. The man asked, "who is smiling at the wall?" Female answer: "don't be negative backyard tonight about." They eloped with each other and lived in Pei's garden for seven years. Pei's father finally found them out. After several twists and turns, we will be reunited again.

The play has a strong anti feudal significance. The free combination of Pei Shaojun and Li Qianjin resisted the feudal ethics of parents' orders and matchmaker's words. In spite of the oppression of their parents, they persisted in unyielding and showed their strong will for freedom of marriage and their loyalty to love. After Pei Shaojun became a scholar, his father changed his attitude towards them, which exposed his hypocrisy and snobbery as a representative of feudal ethics.

content validity

Li Qianjin lives alone in the boudoir. He is depressed. He goes to play in the garden in the warm spring. He visits the wall and meets Pei Shaojun, who is both good-looking and good-looking. He sits on his horse and passes by. They fell in love with each other at first sight, married privately and had children. But Pei Shaojun was afraid to be known by his father Pei Xingjian, so he hid Li Qianjin and his children in his garden and lived there for seven years. Later, Pei Xingjian found out that he denounced Li Qianjin as a prostitute and drove her away. Pei Shaojun later Jinshiji, to pick her up, she resolutely refused. At this time, Pei Xingjian and his wife also went to plead, and she refused. Finally, because of their children's crying, the couple reunited.

Creative background

The plot of the play originally originated from Bai Juyi's poem "Yinping at the bottom of the well": "I get green plum on the short wall, and you ride to the horse and hang on the Yang. We'll see each other at once. We'll be heartbroken when we see you. " A woman fell in love with a man. They lived together for five or six years and were finally discovered by her family. The man's family thought that the woman who did not have three books and six hires could not even count as a concubine, so they drove the woman out. The woman at home is on the wall. Looking at Fu Lang riding past the wall, although they were close at hand, they were as far away as the end of the world. For a moment, they were heartbroken and heartbroken. before Bai Pu, the material of "Yinping at the bottom of the well" has been valued by folk artists. According to song Zhoumi's Wu Lin Jiu Shi, Song Guan's Zaju has Pei Shaojun Yi Zhou; Yuan Tao Zongyi's Chui Geng Lu has Yuanyang Jian and waitouma (I), respectively; and Nan CI Xu Lu has Pei shaonan waitouma. However, in the Song Dynasty's version of ghost in Xishan cave, there is an interjection of "like twisting green plum to see Xiaojun, like riding a red apricot out of the wall". It can be seen that people constantly adapt the story, add a lot of plots, and even determine the protagonist's name and surname. On this basis, Bai Pu's plays greatly enrich the content of the original poem. What's more, although Bai Pu takes the traditional story as the frame, the characters he writes are actually based on the real life and are vivid images. many ancient tragic stories have turned into happy endings in the works of Qu Ren and playwrights. People are willing to give high hopes while they resent the dissatisfaction of their emotional life. Therefore, Bai Pu changed the original tragedy into the comedy "Pei Shaojun on the wall".

Personage introduction

Li Qianjin: the heroine in Pei Shaojun's wall horse. Beautiful and affectionate, born in a rich family, but with the fighting spirit of a market woman. He is bold in rebelling against feudal ethics; he is bold in expressing his love and pursuing it bravely; he is independent in marriage and not afraid of power; he is full of maternal tenderness in treating his children. Pei Shaojun: the hero in Pei Shaojun's horse on the wall. He is romantic and single-minded. He yearns for a good love and marriage. He is also bound by feudal ethics. He is weak and has little faith, but his father's life is obedient. He knows his mistakes and can change them. Finally, the whole family is happy to be reunited. Pei Xingjian: the opposite of Li Qianjin, who is stubborn, ruthless and cunning, is the representative of feudal parents in the play. Li Shijie: Li Qianjin's father is the royal clan of the Tang Dynasty. He was loyal to the Tang Dynasty. He was originally left behind by Jingzhao. Later, he was demoted as the general manager of Luoyang for offending Wu Zetian. Nanny: the first discoverer and hindrance of Li Qianjin's rebellious behavior, bluffing, fierce, and helpful to the feudal parents in the play. Mei Xiang: Li Qianjin's personal and factory environment is a supporter of Li Qianjin's rebellious thoughts. He is smart and clever, good at guessing the master's mind, and willing to help the master complete a series of rebellious behaviors, such as posting, tryst, elopement, etc. Zhang Qian: Pei Shaojun's servant is warm-hearted and kind-hearted. Pei Shaojun goes to Luoyang to buy flowers and plants, and takes him as his entourage. He can give advice for his master at key times. Elder courtyard: the housekeeper of Pei's house. Pei Xingjian sent him to guard the gate of the back garden. He is loyal and kind-hearted, but he likes to drink and make mistakes. Duanduan: the six-year-old son of Pei Shaojun and Li Qianjin is naive, naughty, smart and lovely. Chongyang: the four-year-old daughter of Pei Shaojun and Li Qianjin. She is lively, intelligent and attractive.

Appreciation of works

Theme of the work

The theme of Pei Shaojun is outstanding. It effectively accused the feudal ethics of strangling the freedom of love and marriage between men and women, and revealed the hypocrisy and ferocity of the feudal forces. First, Pei Shaojun aims his gun at the rigid and dogmatic feudal ethics and holds high the clear banner of anti feudalism. The play is based on Bai Juyi's drawing silver from the bottom of the well. Bai Juyi conveys a pessimistic and negative thought: "be careful not to underestimate your body when you are infatuated with other women." After all, women are the victims of ethics, but Bai Pu brings forth new ideas. Li Qianjin sings in the play: "lose but sell wine when you lose" and "wish all marriage and family members in the world get together". The author uses Li Qianjin's words to express the marriage concept of "for love, no turning back". At the same time, it rises from the individual level to the social level, giving a fatal blow to the feudal forces, which has profound social significance It has become a programmatic document for many men and women to break through the traditional concept of love. Secondly, Pei Shaojun strongly criticizes the system of arranged marriage by parents based on family background and property. Pei Shangshu, the representative of feudal parents, insisted on the traditional idea that "to hire a wife, to run for a concubine". Regardless of the seven-year relationship between Shaojun and Qianjin, Pei Shangshu broke up a happy family. His starting point was that Qianjin was an unidentified prostitute. The comedy was often reflected in the unexpected results. When Pei Shangshu found that Li Qianjin was the daughter of manager Li, he immediately broke up the family "To hire a wife, to run a concubine" was changed to "to discuss marriage.". Bai Pu breaks the shackles of traditional ideas through Li Qianjin's bold and fierce behavior. Qianjin and Shaojun finally get together after many difficulties, which shows that as long as the marriage is based on love, it will have good results.

artistic characteristics

An excellent drama, in order to have a thrilling charm, in addition to the design of a surprise or not easy for the audience to predict the outcome of the suspense in advance, its story development, plot changes, must be ups and downs, ups and downs, avoid flat, but also reasonable. In these aspects, the author of Pei Shaojun's wall horse has made proper arrangements. after Li Qianjin escaped from his home, Pei Shaojun hid her in the back garden of his home. After seven years, he gave birth to a man and a woman, but still did not dare to see his parents. This plot is quite novel, but it is not without life basis. In such a powerful family as the Minister of the Ministry of industry, the manors and villas are large and numerous. It is also possible for the young master to hide a few outer rooms. Of course, paper can't cover fire. After all, hiding can't last forever. Pei Shangshu found his daughter-in-law Li Qianjin in a natural, reasonable and interesting way. There is no sense of being far fetched. One Qingming Festival, Pei Shaojun accompanied his mother to the graveyard in the suburbs to offer sacrifices. Pei Shangshu stayed at home for fear of the wind and cold. He was tired and went to the back garden. As it happens, Shaojun's doorman falls asleep after drinking. Pei Shangshu goes straight into the garden and accidentally finds two children playing. He is not surprised. By the way, the child frankly admits that he is Pei's grandson. He feels strange and breaks into the study and finds Li Qianjin. At this time, the court official came to try to cover up, but Li Qianjin stepped forward, knowing that there was no possibility of concealing, and openly admitted that he was Shaojun's wife and his children were Shaojun's children. All of a sudden, the two sides of the contradiction were in sharp opposition face to face, or there was no room for maneuver, just like a short battle on the battlefield, where the commander faced each other. the climax of this kind of conflict is very abrupt, very rapid, but it is ripe, and it comes naturally. Because of this, it can be exciting and has the effect of "catching people". The structure of Pei Shaojun is concise and the cutting is appropriate. The plot revolves around the love clues of Li Qianjin and Pei Shaojun. It is clean and neat, without any sprawling, complicated and disordered phenomenon, nor monotonous. The places that need to be highlighted should be re dyed with heavy ink, and the places that can be omitted should be cut as necessary. In the aspect of time and space scheduling, it makes a flexible jump.

Work evaluation

Meng Chengshun, a dramatist of the Ming Dynasty, wrote in his collection of willow branches: "in the past, people commented that his (Baipu) Ci was like the beginning of Dapeng, Beiming, and striding across the sky. He had the ambition of killing thousands of miles with one stone. And this play is natural and handsome, and it's a kind of drama. " "Wutong rain" depict Emperor Ming, Yuhuan's pride and disappointment, and is sad and moving. "On a horse in the wall" says that the place where a beautiful woman seeks a mate is also full of vigor and vitality. It's very popular. " Shen Defu, a critic of opera theory in the Ming Dynasty, wrote Volume 25 of Wanli yehuo Bian: "Bo Meixiang, Qian Nu Li Hun and Qiang tou Ma'an are not only good-looking, but also not out of the pattern of room and curtain. Take west chamber as an example." contemporary

Chinese PinYin : qiáng tóu mǎ shàng