Feud of nine generations(jiǔ shì zhī chóu)

Feud of nine generations

The Chinese idiom, Ji ǔ sh ì zh ī ch ó u in pinyin, refers to the long-term deep hatred, generally refers to the national hatred and other significant hatred, which is not applicable to the general private enmity. It comes from the biography of Gongyang, zhuanggong's fourth year.

The origin of Idioms

In the fourth year of zhuanggong, the story of Gongyang: "can the ninth generation still take revenge? It's a hundred generations. " (commenting on Qi Xianggong's extermination of Ji, Qi aigong, the fifth generation monarch of Qi, was killed because Ji Hou slandered the emperor of Zhou. Qi Xianggong has been a monarch for nine times.)

Idiom usage

For example, the virtue of a hundred years, as for the descendants who began to report today, even those who reported don't know why. (Zhang Binglin's germ theory)

Idiom story

The story of Qi Xianggong's revenge for nine generations comes from Gongyang Zhuan. It tells the story of the monarch of Ji state in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Seeing that the monarch of Qi State had no respect for the emperor of Zhou, he thought it was an opportunity. So he said to King Yi of Zhou, "the monarch of Qi State, Qi AI Gong, has always been disrespectful to you. Now you should kill him and let other princes who disrespect you have a look The end. " After hearing this, King Yi of Zhou thought it was very reasonable, so he killed Duke AI of Qi. According to some historical records, Duke AI of Qi was killed by King Yi of Zhou Dynasty. This kind of death method is very cruel. It is called "Duke AI cooked in Zhou Dynasty" in history. The king of Zhou Yi wanted to use this event to frighten the princes, but he never thought it would backfire. The princes of all countries were afraid that they would end up in the end of Qi AI Gong in the future, and the anti Zhou sentiment became more and more intense. Duke AI of Qi, son of Duke GUI of Qi, reigned from 879 BC to 868 BC. Qi AI Gong was the fifth monarch of Qi in the Western Zhou Dynasty. His grandfather was Lu De, the third king of Qi, and his father was Lu Ci mu, the fourth king of Qi. In the 52nd year of Qi GUI Gong (Xinsi, 880 BC), after Qi GUI Gong died, his son LV buchen succeeded to the throne and became Qi AI Gong. During the reign of King Yi of Zhou, marquis Ji (the monarch of the kingdom of Ji) slandered the king of Zhou, saying a lot of bad things about Duke AI of Qi. In the 12th year of Qi AI Gong (Guisi, 868 BC), Qi AI Gong, who was in power for 12 years, was killed by Zhou Yi king. After he ascended the throne, Qi Xianggong was very resolute in revenge. In 695 BC, the third year of Qi Xiang Gong's accession to the throne, Qi Xiang Gong sent troops to attack Ji state. Ji state had to ask for help from Lu state. Duke Huan of Lu intervened and organized alliance. The crisis of Ji state was alleviated. However, Qi Xianggong did not give up the idea of destroying Ji Guo. The next year, Duke Qi Xiang killed Duke Lu Huan and Zheng junzi, and Ji lost the protection of Lu and Zheng. In 693 B.C., Duke Xiang of Qi broke the alliance and, under the banner of revenge for the ninth generation ancestors, once again launched an army to attack the Ji Dynasty. He even went down to three cities to drive the people and occupy the land. Two years later, the kingdom of Ji split up, and Ji Ji, the younger brother of Ji Hou, dedicated his capital to the state of Qi, willing to be a vassal of the state of Qi. In 690 BC, the Duke of Qi Xiang sent troops to conquer the capital of Ji state, and the Marquis of Ji handed over the remaining territory to Ji Ji. He fled abroad and never returned, and Ji state was doomed. the three biographies of the spring and Autumn period were controversial about this matter, because the custom at that time was that family feuds were only about five generations. Gongyang Zhuan thinks that national enmity is not restricted by generations, but Zuo Zhuan opposes it. Later, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty said, "Duke Xiang of Qi restored the feud of the nine generations, and the spring and Autumn Annals was a great one." So he resolutely attacked Xiongnu in the north. Because emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty once had the humiliation of "Bai Deng's encirclement" and was forced to contribute gold and silk women; empress Lu also suffered the humiliation of Xiongnu's writing; Wenjing and Wenjing dynasties were constantly invaded by Xiongnu, so Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was determined to revenge and solve the border problems.

Chinese PinYin : jiǔ shì zhī chóu