by the roots(guā gǔ qù dú)

Curettage bone to cure poison

The synonym curettage and detoxification generally refers to curettage and detoxification. Chinese idiom, Pinyin is Gu ā g ǔ Li á OD ú, which means to scrape the venom deep into the bone with a knife to achieve the purpose of treatment. From the annals of the Three Kingdoms, Shu Shu, biography of Guan Yu

Historical allusions

In the original version of the annals of the Three Kingdoms, Yu tasted as a stream of arrows, which ran through his right arm. Although the wound healed after the wound, every time it was cloudy and rainy, his bone often ached. The doctor said, "arrowheads are poisonous. The poison goes into the bone. When the arm is broken and the poison is removed by scraping the bone, then the ear is removed." Then he stretched out his arm and asked the doctor to chop it. When Yu Shi asked Zhu to compare his diet, his blood flowed away from his arms and filled the dishes, while Yu cut and roasted the wine and talked and laughed freely. Guan Yu was shot by a random arrow through his right arm. Later, although the wound healed, his bones often hurt in rainy days. The doctor said: "the arrow is poisonous, and the poison has gone deep into the bone marrow. You should open your arm, open the wound, and scrape the bone to remove the toxin. This hidden danger can be removed." Guan Yu stretched out his arm and asked the doctor to open it. At that time, Guan Yu was sitting around drinking with the generals. His arms were dripping with blood, and there were plates full of blood. However, Guan Yu cut his flesh to drink, and talked and laughed as usual. enlightenment it describes Guan Yu's heroic husband's handsome, glorious demeanor, bravery, and also shows the medical skills of the Three Kingdoms period.

Original story

In Chapter 75 of the romance of the Three Kingdoms, the story of Hua Tuo scraping bones and curing poison for Guan Yu is recorded. In the previous article, Guan Yu drowned the seven armies, captured and killed pound. He was very famous. He was injured by Cao rengong's crossbowman when he attacked Fancheng. He was shot in the right arm and turned over. However, Cao Ren said that when he saw Guan Gong's fall, he led his troops out of the city. After being killed by Guan Ping for a while, he rescued Guan Gong and pulled out his arrow. It turns out that the arrow has medicine. The poison has gone into the bone. The right arm is bruised and cannot move. Guan Pingfan deliberated with the generals and said, "if my father damages this arm, can Ann fight the enemy? It's better to go back to Jingzhou for a while. " So he entered the account with the generals to see Guan Gong. "What's the matter with you?" he asked They said to each other, "because of the injury of the right arm of the monarch and Marquis, I am afraid that the enemy will be angry and the conflict will be inconvenient. It is suggested that the head teacher should return to Jingzhou for recuperation. " He said angrily, "I only take Fancheng at present. If I take Fancheng, I will drive to Xudu and wipe out the bandits so as to set up the Han Dynasty. How can we miss big things because of small sores? How dare you slow down my army Equality retreats in silence. When the generals saw that the Duke refused to withdraw from the army, and the sore did not heal, they had to visit famous doctors from all directions. Suddenly one day, someone came by boat from Jiangdong to the front of the village. The primary school introduces Guan Ping. Looking down on the person: square scarf, broad clothes, arm around the green bag; his name is Qiaojun, Pei state, surnamed Hua, name Tuo, character. Because I heard that general Guan was a hero in the world, I came here to cure him. Ping said: "is it not the former doctors of the eastern Wu and Zhou Tai?" Tuo said, "ran." Ping Daxi, together with the generals, led Hua Tuo into the account to see Guan Gong. At that time, Guan Gong was playing chess with Ma Liang because he was afraid of slowing down the army's morale due to arm pain. When he heard that there was a doctor coming, he was called in. After the ceremony, please sit down. Tea, please look at it. He took off his robes and stretched out his arms to make Tuo look. Tuo said, "this is the wound caused by the crossbow and arrow. Among them is the medicine of Aconitum, which penetrates directly into the bone. If it is not treated early, this arm will be useless." The duke said, "what is to be used to govern it?" Tuo said, "a certain person has his own treatment, but he is afraid of the king and the Hou." The duke said with a smile, "I look at death as if I'm going home. What's my fear?" Tuo said, "you should set up a pillar in a quiet place and nail a big ring on it. Please put your arm through the ring and tie it with a rope. Then you can cover your head with a quilt. I cut the skin and flesh with a sharp knife until I put it on the bone, scrape off the arrow poison on the bone, apply it with medicine, and sew the mouth with thread. But I'm afraid of you and your ears. " "So easy," he said with a smile! What's the use of a column ring? " Let's have a banquet. After drinking a few glasses of wine, he still played chess with Ma Liang and stretched out his arm to order Tuo to cut it. Tuo took a sharp knife in his hand and made a small school hold a large basin under his arm to receive blood. Tuo said, "if you do, don't be surprised." The duke said, "if you are allowed to cure me, I am more afraid of pain than common people in the world." Tuo cut the skin and flesh until it was blue on the bone. Tuo scraped the bone with a knife and heard the sound. Those who see it on the account and under the account hide their faces. Drinking, eating, laughing and playing chess are all painless. In a moment, the blood flow filled the basin. Tuo scraped away the poison, applied the medicine and sewed it with thread. The Duke laughed and said to the generals, "this arm is as comfortable as before, and it doesn't hurt. You are a great doctor, sir Tuo said, "a doctor has never seen this in his whole life. You are the God of heaven Later generations have a poem that says: "to treat a disease, internal surgery must be performed. There are no many wonderful arts in the world. The divine power is rare and only the general of Guan, and the holy hand can cure Hua Tuo. " When Guan Gong's wounds healed, he set up a seat for Xie Huatuo. Tuo said, "although the arrow sores are cured, they must be cherished. Don't touch with anger. In a hundred days, it will be as old as ever. " Guan Gong was rewarded with a hundred taels of gold. Tuo said, "when someone hears of Gaoyi, the king and Marquis, he came here to treat the disease. How can he expect to be rewarded?" If you refuse to accept it, leave a piece of medicine and apply it to the sore.

Vernacular version

During the Three Kingdoms period, there were fierce battles between Wei, Shu and Wu. Once, when Guan Yu attacked Cao Bing, he got a poisonous arrow in his right arm. The generals asked Guan Gong's class teacher to return to Jingzhou for treatment. Guan Gong refused and said, "I can't miss the military and state affairs because of my small trauma." they had to go around looking for famous doctors. One day, a doctor called himself Hua Tuo came. He said that he had heard that Guan Gong had been poisoned by a poisonous arrow and had come to treat him. At this time, Guan Gong's right arm was very painful. He was playing chess with Ma Liang to distract his attention, so as not to show his painful expression and confuse the morale of the army. Hua Tuo saw Guan Gong's arrow wound and said, "if you don't manage your arm again, I'm afraid it will be useless! If you want a radical cure, you have to tie your arm firmly to the post. Then I use a knife to cut the skin and flesh to the bone, scrape off the poison on the bone, and then apply medicine and suture it with thread. Only in this way can you be cured, but I'm afraid of you. " When Guan Gong heard this, he said with a smile that he was not a layman in the world and was not afraid of pain, not to mention tying his arm to the post. He also asked people to send food first and said, "Sir, come all the way, please use wine and vegetables first!" After eating with Hua Tuo for a while, Guan Gong stretched out his right arm and said, "please do it now. I'll still play chess. Please don't blame me, sir." Hua Tuo didn't say anything any more. He took out a sharp knife and asked someone to put a basin under Guan Gong's arm. Seeing the position, he cut off Guan Gong's skin and flesh. Guan Gong ate and drank as usual. Hua Tuo said calmly, "I'll scrape away the poison from the bones of Jun and Hou with a knife. That's good!" Hua Tuo's technique was skillful. As soon as he finished his words, the knife in his hand had been scraped back and forth on the bone of Guan Gong's arm. He also made a sound of knowing, and the blood overflowed the basin. Seeing this situation, the officers and soldiers all hide their faces and lose color, but Guan Gong continues to play chess, eating and drinking, and his face does not change. After a while, Hua Tuo scraped away the poison, applied the medicine and sewed up the wound. Guan Gong laughed and said to the generals, "this arm is as comfortable as ever, and it doesn't hurt at all. You are a great doctor, sir Hua Tuo said, "I have never seen a person like you in my whole life as a doctor. You are a god! Although the arrow sores are cured, they must be cherished. Don't touch with anger. In a hundred days, it will be as old as ever. " As soon as Guan Gong recovered, he offered a hundred taels of gold as a reward and set up a banquet for Hua Tuo. Hua Tuo politely refused to say, "a certain man came here to treat you because he heard of Gaoyi. He has no hope to repay you." If you refuse to accept it, leave a piece of medicine and apply it to the sore. later generations have a poem that says: "internal surgery is necessary to treat diseases, and there are no many wonderful arts in the world. The divine power is rare and only the general of Guan, and the holy hand can cure Hua Tuo. "

Creative background

The reason why Luo Guanzhong wrote that the doctor was Hua Tuo was probably because Hua Tuo was a famous doctor at that time and he was good at surgery, so it was not a problem to treat arrow injuries. So "well grounded", coupled with the author's brilliant writing, the story is vivid and lifelike, who does not believe the authenticity of "scraping bone to cure poison"? In fact, Guan Yu was far from the only brave general who had the experience of scraping bones in ancient times. According to the northern history, Chang sun Ziyan fell off his horse and broke his arm. The bone on his elbow was more than an inch. He was killed to cut the flesh and saw the bone. The blood rose several times, and his speech and play were natural. People thought that he was "better than Guan Yu". It is recorded in the history of Song Dynasty that Zhao Kuangyin entered Shouchun in the Northern Zhou Dynasty, "the city fired a series of crossbows, and the arrows were as big as rafters. Zhang Qiong's body was covered by his teeth, and the arrows hit Qiong's thighs, but the arrows could not come out. Joan had a bad drink, which broke her bones. She bled a few liters and looked like herself Han Shizhong, a famous general of the Southern Song Dynasty, also had the experience of "poisoning the arrow into the bone, and also using the strong crossbow to cover it". To the Ming Dynasty, such examples are often seen in historical books, too many to enumerate. However, later generations still admire Guan Yu most. One is that Guan Yu lived in an earlier age; the other is that the image of "great sword Guan Gong" has long been popular. In addition, the vivid description in the annals of the Three Kingdoms, that is, "stretch your arm to split it, drink with the generals at the right time, blood flows from your arm to the dish, and the public talks and laughs freely", also makes people feel more authentic. The story of scraping bones and curing poison in the romance of the Three Kingdoms not only exaggerates Guan Yu's extraordinary manliness, but also praises Hua Tuo's excellent medical skills. This is a well-known story, which is still popular today. Of course, Hua Tuo's scraping bone for Guan Yu is just a romance story. The biography of Guan Yu in the history of the Three Kingdoms does not indicate who was the doctor who treated Guan Yu, nor does the biography of Hua Tuo record that he treated Guan Yu. What's more, Hua Tuo invented anesthetics, and he didn't have to let patients experience the pain of scraping bone without anesthesia. However, it is true that Hua Tuo was an outstanding doctor in ancient China. There are biographies of Chen Shou in the annals of the Three Kingdoms and Fan Ye in the book of the later Han Dynasty, which left the brilliant achievements of this outstanding medical scientist in his whole life, but both of them wrote about his regret for Hua Tuo's death.

Related people

Hua Tuo

In Chapter 75 of the romance of the Three Kingdoms, Hua Tuo, a famous doctor, gave Guan Yu a lecture on "curettage of bones and treatment of poisons". Hua Tuo was a folk doctor in the late Eastern Han Dynasty

Chinese PinYin : guā gǔ qù dú