Read more than ten thousand books(dú shū pò wàn juàn)

Read more than ten thousand books

It comes from the 22 rhymes presented to Wei zuochengzhang: "read more than ten thousand books and write like a God." It describes reading a lot and learning a lot. Du Fu, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote a famous sentence: "reading is more than ten thousand volumes, writing is more like a spirit.". Later generations have made different interpretations of these two poems. In the Qing Dynasty, Qiu Zhaoao's detailed notes to Du's poems, there are three explanations for the word "Po" in "reading more than ten thousand volumes". One of them says: "the chest is full of ten thousand volumes, so you can find the source from both sides and write more skillfully.". Second, he said, "if the book is broken, it's just like Wei's idea of compiling three unique works. It's easy to grind a book if you read it well. Three said: "see through the truth of ten thousand volumes.". These three theories reflect the different understanding of the word "Po". To sum up, it is: breakthrough, abrasion and insight.

original text

Du Fu of Tang Dynasty wrote "twenty two rhymes presented to Zhang zuocheng of Wei": "reading is more than ten thousand volumes, and writing is more than God." The full text is as follows: Wei zuocheng's twenty-two rhymes were presented to him; Wan Yu didn't starve to death, and most of the Confucianists mistook himself. My father-in-law tries to listen, but my son, please tell me. On the past youth day, I was a state guest. Read more than ten thousand books, write more than ten thousand words. Fu material Yang Xiong enemy, poetry to see zijianqin. Li Yong wanted to know face, Wang Han wanted to know neighbor. He said that he was quite upright, and that he wanted to make his way to Tianjin. To the Emperor Yao and Shun, and then to the custom Chun. this idea is actually depressed, and singing is not seclusion. Thirty years of donkey riding, traveling and eating in Beijing spring. He buckled the door of fu'er in the morning and followed the dust of fat horse in the evening. Residual cup and cold fried, everywhere latent sorrow. When the Lord saw the sign, he wanted to extend it. Qingming, however, has drooping wings and no longitudinal scales. I'm very ashamed of my father-in-law's kindness, and I know his truth. Every time on a hundred bureaucrats, they chant new sentences. it's hard to be content with the original Constitution and poor to steal from the public. How can you be sad, just walk. If you want to enter the sea in the East, you will go to Qin in the West. Still pity Zhongnanshan, looking back to the Weibin of Qing Dynasty. He often plans to offer a meal, and Kuang Huai resigns as minister. The white gull is not mighty. Who can tame it.

explain

What's the solution to "reading more than ten thousand books"? the so-called "wear out" refers to the "Book break" caused by familiar reading. When Confucius read the book of changes in his later years, he made the leather rope of the bamboo slips of the couplet be worn off many times, which is the so-called "Wei Bian San Jue". According to the actual needs, it is an effective way to read some books first, read them repeatedly, understand them deeply and remember them deeply. Su Dongpo has a poem: "the old book is never tired of reading a hundred times. After reading it carefully, the son knows it." It's a matter of experience. If you don't read a book and put it on the shelf, it's just like waste paper; if you read a book, you can see it at a glance, "just press the book and forget it when you cover it.". What's the benefit of reading more? the so-called "seeing through" means intensive reading and thorough understanding of the principles in the book. In intensive reading, first, we should grasp the key points, rather fine than miscellaneous; second, we should study deeply to be proficient. "Books are as rich as sea, department stores are all, people's energy can not be collected simultaneously", so reading should be good at choosing, taking the essence and not overreading. First of all, if we have got the key points and determined the main direction of attack, we should study deeply and assiduously until we really understand it. Lu Jiuyuan, a philosopher of the Song Dynasty, said: "learning must be done without cover.". That is to say, learning must reach the point where there is no confusion. If you don't pay attention to reason, aimlessly and blindly read more, it will be like what Zheng Banqiao said: "if you read more than ten thousand volumes, you have no suitable master in your mind.". No matter what the meaning of the word "Po" is, it is suitable for those who specialize in academic research. For those who are engaged in learning, it is "although there are many volumes, we should have all eyes.". There are thousands of words in a volume of books in the Tang Dynasty, and tens of thousands of words in a volume. It's equivalent to 300 books of 500 pages in 32 format. For those who specialize in academic research, the amount of reading is far from enough. Therefore, the word "Wan" in Du Fu's poems should have many meanings, that is, "read more and have a book".

The relationship between reading and writing

"Reading more than ten thousand books, writing more like a spirit" reveals the relationship between reading and writing. Although from the logical cause and effect point of view, the more you don't have to read, the better you write, it's undeniable that people who write better in general will read more and cover a wider range of articles than ordinary readers. In other words, the amount of reading is a necessary condition for writing a good article, and the level of writing ability is a sufficient condition to measure a person's reading level. Generally, everyone hopes to write a good article. I think whether you want to be a writer, or just want to write a little essay, or just open a blog on the Internet to express your true feelings in life, then what you write as a text carrier must be read by your readers to produce emotional resonance. Only in this way can your writing be meaningful. However, things with empty content are not easy to be accepted by others. If you want your works to go out of your inner world, reading is essential - because reading can enhance your cultural accumulation, expand your vision, and give you more insight into life. since the composition training we received since childhood does not require us to guide our writing through a lot of reading, most people's writing level remains at a low level, so if someone asks you to write something one day, most people will feel numb and don't know where to start. On the one hand, we don't form the habit of writing frequently, which leads to the writing phobia. On the other hand, the lack of reading is also an important reason that can't be ignored. Since there is such an important relationship between reading and writing, if we want to improve our writing level, it is a good way to accumulate materials for our writing on the one hand, and cultivate our sentiment and increase our literary accomplishment or knowledge accumulation on the other. But what we are talking about is not to read all books or everything in a book. We should make some choices and distinguish the key points of reading. Even if it's a famous work, there are more or less unimportant things in it, which we can not read. We should carry forward Mr. Lu Xun's pragmatism style. "When he instructed Xu Shiying, the son of Xu shoushang, a student in the literature department of Tsinghua University, to read baolinzi, he pointed out that the book's" inner chapter "was wrong to promote the immortal prescription and superstition of ghosts and ghosts, so we can not read it "Waipian" discusses the gains and losses of the world, and whether Zang is the world's affairs. There are many correct remarks, which are the key points to read. " (Yang Jide, where is the essence of writing class? 》China Education Daily). That is to say, we should read the essence of articles and books, and remove the dross, because only this part condenses the greatest effort of the author and is most useful to us. Just like a pot of chicken soup boiled slowly, the essence of nutrition is in soup. As for chicken, it is just a form, simply disposed of. We absorb the nutrition of chicken soup and turn it into something that is used to enhance our physique. In fact, it means that the essence of the article is used as the accumulation of knowledge in our writing, and adds to the writing and enhances the connotation and readability of the article. however, there is also a problem of reading methodology. Ancient scholars can read the four books and five classics slowly, or even shake their heads to read them. Then they can take part in the imperial examination and write down what they read and think in their life on a piece of white paper that determines their fate. But we are in such a changing era, and the speed of knowledge updating is extremely fast. Before you finish reading a book, the second, the third and even more than n books come out quickly. As a result, many of us are tired of reading. We always feel that there are endless books, and the quality of many books is also shoddy. Many books are fundamentally the products of fast food culture, and there is no problem What's the value of reading? It's just a tool for entertainment. Therefore, in modern society, many people choose to read fast, that is, to browse a book in a short time and get the necessary information from it. In the face of the thick morning paper, they will quickly use their eyes to "turn" the news headlines in the paper to get the information they need, instead of spending a lot of time to carefully look at the contents. I think this is also a result of the information age.

Chinese PinYin : dú shū pò wàn juàn