Let a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend(bǎi huā qí fàng，bǎi jiā zhēng míng)

Let a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend

Heading: "a hundred flowers blossom, a hundred schools of thought contend".

Interpretation: it refers to the free development and debate of different schools and styles of art and science.

summary

Interpretation of policy

On April 28, 1956, Mao Zedong put forward at the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee that letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend should be the policy of developing science and flourishing literature and art in China. "Letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend" is not only the basic policy of the CPC in leading literature and art, but also the basic policy of the party in leading scientific research. It still has far-reaching guiding significance.

The process of putting forward the policy

In 1951, all flowers bloom together. Some of them advocated the abolition of the whole Peking Opera. Some of them were abolished. Mao Zedong wrote the following words: "let a hundred flowers blossom and bring forth the old to bring forth the new," and advocated to remove the dross and extract its essence and carry it forward. In 1953, Mao Zedong put forward a hundred schools of thought on the policy of historical research. On this basis, Mao Ze said at the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on April 28, 1956, "a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend." I think this should be our policy. A hundred flowers blossom in art and a hundred schools of thought contend in academic issues. On May 2, Mao Zedong formally put forward the "double hundred policy" at the seventh session of the Supreme State Council. He also stressed that "letting a hundred flowers blossom" and "a hundred schools of thought contend" are both basic and long-term policies, not temporary ones.

Background of the policy

(1) From the domestic point of view, the socialist transformation has been completed, the socialist system has been initially established, and the exploration of the road of socialist construction needs to mobilize all positive factors, including the enthusiasm of intellectuals; (2) from the perspective of the international situation, a series of major political shocks occurred in the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries in the mid-1950s; (3) the direct cause is some academic problems Disputes, such as the debate on the stages of Chinese historiography.

development

Before the cultural revolution, the field of literature and art was full of good plays. Cai Wenji by Guo Moruo, Hai Rui's dismissal by Wu Han and song of youth by Yang Mo have the greatest influence on Teahouse by Lao She. However, the policy of "letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend" has not been carried out. during the cultural revolution, the policy of "letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend" was seriously deviated from and abandoned. Socialist literature, art and science were greatly harmed. Some academic problems were criticized with bourgeois and revisionist ideas. A large number of scholars were beaten into reactionary academic power and persecuted, which seriously affected the development, prosperity and progress of literature and art. After the end of the cultural revolution, Deng Xiaoping put forward that to build a socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, we must adhere to the "two for" direction of serving the people and socialism, and adhere to the policy of "letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend". In the early 1980s, the construction of spiritual civilization with the content of "five stresses and four beauties" was launched. In this situation, the field of literature and art is booming again. There are "reflective literature", "Scar Literature", and literary works with the theme of reform and practice. In the 21st century, Chinese culture is going to the world.

Chinese PinYin : bǎi huā qí fàng，bǎi jiā zhēng míng