strategically located places(bǎi èr shān hé)

strategically located places

Baiershanhe, a Chinese idiom, Pinyin is B ǎ I è RSH ā NH é, which means that it refers to the dangerous and solid place of mountains and rivers. It comes from the historical records of Gaozu.

The origin of Idioms

In the Western Han Dynasty, Sima Qian's "historical records of Gaozu", it is said that "Qin, a country of victory in shape, takes the danger of rivers and mountains. The county is thousands of miles away, holding a halberd of one million, Qin got a hundred and two horses."

Idiom usage

It refers to the place where mountains and rivers are dangerous and solid. example Tang Lu Zonghui's poem "ascend the pagoda of Ci'en Temple in Chang'an:" the nine palaces are different, and the hundred and two mountains and rivers are outside and inside. " Yuan Ma Zhiyuan's "Chan Gong Qu · sighing the world" Song: "Xianyang hundred and two mountains and rivers, two word fame, several battles." "The three thousand worlds are illusory, and the hundred and twenty mountains and rivers are empty." Ning Diaoyuan's poem "reminiscence of a dead friend Yao Hongye during the Qingming Festival" reads: "one hundred and two mountains and rivers share the same catkins, and two or three relatives and friends float their own duckweeds." See "hundred and two.". One hundred and two mountains and rivers are the same as the catkins, and two or three relatives and friends are the same. Ning Diaoyuan's the memory of Yao Hongye

Idiom story

"Hundred and two mountains and rivers" was written by Yang Shen (Sheng'an), the relegated Sichuan champion, when he passed Dali in Baoshan during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty. Before the founding of the people's Republic of China, the Marble Plaque of "baiershanhe" was inlaid on the entrance of yulongguan city building in Xiaguan. Later, yulongguan was destroyed and the stone plaque did not exist. Although the plaque does not exist, the saying of "hundred and two mountains and rivers" is often used as a synonym for Dali Bazi between Cang'er and other regions, and it is widely spread among the people. In the early 1980s, when Erhai Park was expanded, "bai'ershan River" was made into a plaque and placed on the gate of Erhai Park. What is "Bai Er Shan He"? One way of saying is that it refers to the Dali area between Cangshan and Erhai. Because the distance between Shangguan at the north end of Erhai Lake and Xiaguan at the south end of Erhai Lake is about 100 Li, it is generally called Dali by taking "baiershanhe" as an approximate number. However, due to the inaccurate data, this explanation may not be appropriate. Another explanation is that "Bai Er Shan He" is quoted as a historical allusion. This allusion originated from the name of "Baier Qinguan" in the Warring States period. In ancient times, "Baier Qinguan" or "Baier Xiongguan" generally referred to the territory of Qin state to the west of Hangu pass or Tongguan. Jia Yi, a political commentator in the Han Dynasty, used "the consolidation of Qin Xiaogong's (Y á o) letter (H á n)" to explain that Qin state was founded by the natural danger of Gushan (now the northwest of Luoning County in Henan Province) and Hanguguan (now the northeast of Lingbao County in Henan Province). Since then, "Baier Xiongguan" or "Baier Qinguan" has often been quoted as an allusion to describe the dangerous terrain of an area. Ma Zhiyuan, the yuan composer, has the words "Xianyang baiershan River, two words of fame, several battles" in "Chan Gong Qu · Tan Shi", which means that Liu Bang, the king of Han Dynasty, and Xiang Yu, the overlord of Chu Dynasty, in order to fight for the "baiershan River" (the territory of the state of Qin) which has the natural danger to rely on, caused many war disasters. Pu Songling, a famous litterateur in Qing Dynasty, once wrote a self encouraging couplet with the title of "breaking the bridge and sinking the boat, Qin pass will eventually belong to Chu" to explain the truth of "where there is a will, there is a way". From the source and usage of the above allusions, it is not difficult to understand that the purpose of Yang Sheng'an's inscription of "Bai'er mountain and river" for Dali is to extend the historical allusion of "Bai'er Qinguan" to describe the dangerous location of Dali. In the 27th year of Kaiyuan (739 A.D.), Luo Feng, the king of Nanzhao, built two passes in the north and the south, with Shangguan in the north, called Longshou pass or Longkou pass; Xiaguan in the south, called Longwei pass or Hewei pass. Due to the North-South trend of Cangshan Mountain, winding dozens of miles, like a dragon, so the shangxiaguan, located at the north and south ends of Cangshan Mountain, is called Longguan. Shangguan is located under Yunlong peak of Cangshan Mountain. It is the narrowest place where Cangshan Mountain and Erhai Lake are connected. It has a very dangerous terrain and is known as "Pingfan of Beiguan". Xiaguan is located under the Xieyang peak of Cangshan Mountain and on the Bank of Xi'er river. Xiaguan is located on the west side of Cangshan Mountain and on the southeast side of Erhai Lake and Xi'er River respectively. It is the Gongwei city of Yangju baa City, the capital of Nanzhao state, and is known as the "barrier to the South". Shangguan and Xiaguan were the key passes for the successive dynasties to overcome the difficulties and for the strategists to fight. When Kublai Khan attacked Dali in the third year of emperor Xianzong of the Yuan Dynasty (1253 AD), he intended to enter Dali from Shangguan. Later, because Shangguan had been unable to attack for a long time, he went over Cangshan Mountain from the back of Cangshan Mountain to capture the ancient city of Dali. In a word, Yang Shen used "Bai'er mountain and river" to describe the strategic position of Cang'er area, which is as solid as gold, according to the statement of "Bai'er Xiongguan" or "Bai'er Qinguan" in the Qin and Han Dynasties, combined with the terrain and history of Dali.

Chinese PinYin : bǎi èr shān hé