Cao Yu

Cao Yu

What's the matter with you? Yan Yuan, born in Qiaoxian County of Qiaoguo (now Bozhou, Anhui), was the great Sima of Caowei, the great grandson of caoxiu, and the grandson of general caozhao of Wei Dynasty. He was an official and writer of the Western Jin Dynasty. He went to Xiangcheng Prefecture and to Zhengnan Sima.

Cao he was good at local governance and loved the people like a son. He was also known as the "holy king" during his tenure as Linzi magistrate. His life is recorded in the biography of good officials in the book of Jin, and Zhang Yin's biography of scholars also contains his life.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Cao Yu, whose name is Yan Yuan, was born in Qiao County of Qiao state. His grandfather, Cao Zhao, was a general in charge of the palace guard during the Wei Dynasty. Cao Yu was filial to his parents when he was young, and loved to learn good composition. Wang Yan, the Taiwei, respected him very much after he met him, and he was transferred to Linzi county magistrate.

discover the minutest detail in everything

There is a widow in the county who is very respectful to her mother-in-law. Because she was young, her mother-in-law urged her to remarry, but her daughter-in-law was not moved by chastity. Mother in law pitied her and quietly committed suicide. When her relatives and party accused her of murdering her mother-in-law, the magistrate tortured her. The widow could not bear the pain, so she made up a confession to confess her guilt. When he was on the verge of execution for his crime, he took over. Cao Zhen knew that there was injustice in the case, so he made an analysis and investigation again, and fully understood the truth of the case. People at that time praised his wisdom. There are prisoners sentenced to death in prison. At the end of the year, Cao Zhen investigated the prison, pitied them and asked, "how do you feel when you come to this inhuman residence? New year has always been valued by people. Don't you want to meet your family at this time? " All the prisoners cried: "if you can go home temporarily, you will die without regret." Cao Zhen announced that he would be released and ordered to return to prison within a limited time. The subordinate officials held their own opinions and said that they could not be released. Cao said: "although he and others are villains, they will not betray justice. I will bear the responsibility for you." When the deadline came, all the people who followed the time to return to prison and did not disobey the order were admired by the whole county. It was said that they were "holy monarchs" and later generations called this "prisoners of Caoyue". When he entered the imperial court, he became a minister and a county magistrate of Luoyang. He was widely benevolent and determined in litigation. People miss him. When it rained and snowed heavily, the gate of the palace lost its railing at night, and the prosecutors failed to find out its whereabouts. All the officials said that it was wrong for Cao to order the guards to be put in prison. Cao said: "there are strict prohibitions near the gate of the palace. No one dares to steal it. It must be the guards of the gate who burn it to keep away the cold." After questioning the guard, he pleaded guilty. He resigned because of illness. After that, he was appointed the magistrate of Luoyang county.

After many twists and turns

When Sima Fu, king of Qi, assisted the administration of the imperial court, Cao Fu and Zuo Si were both governors of Ji Shi. Sima Fu once calmly asked Cao he, "the emperor is threatened by the traitor, and no one can come forward to save him. I led the four righteous soldiers to restore the dynasty. Now I have joined the court to assist the court and save the difficult situation. Someone advised me to return to the feudal land. What's your opinion? " Cao said: "the achievements made by the people and ministers from ancient times to the present are not as good as those made by the king Shanda. However, Tao does not disappear after prosperity, and things do not decline after prosperity. This is not only the law of human affairs, but also the common sense of heaven. I personally accept your inquiry, how dare I not offer my true feelings. I hope that the king will be in a high position. Considering the danger and chaos, when he is rich, he will go against the expectation of emptiness. He will carefully select all officials, be fair and eliminate selfish desires, recommend talents and talents, and strive for talents. Then he will straighten up the chariots and horses, bow his hand and say goodbye to his return to the feudal land. Then he can celebrate together. Cao Yu and others should also be very happy. " Sima did not adopt it. Soon he became the Minister of Zhongshu, and Sima Yi, the king of Changsha, made him the puma. Sima Yi was defeated and removed from office. Then came the death of her mother. In 306 A.D. (the third year of Yongxing), the court appointed Cao as the governor of Xiangcheng. At that time, Xiangcheng experienced banditry for many times. Cao Zhen pacified and rectified it, and it recovered in a month.

Lost in battle

In 308 A.D. (the second year of Yongjia), Sima Lue, the great general of Zhengnan and the king of Gaomi, was stationed in Xiangyang and appointed Cao Qi as the Sima of Zhengnan. At that time, Wang Fu, who was exiled, gathered many people to settle the champion and plundered the town. Sima Lue sent troops to join Cui Kuang's Crusade and ordered Cao to be Cui Kuang's capital. Cui Kuang is a cunning and cruel man. He tricked Cao Zhen into fighting for the front and appointed himself as backup. After Cao Zhen's war, Cui Kuang failed to arrive as scheduled. Cao Zhen fought with Wang Zhen alone in Li County, and his army was defeated and killed. The old officials and the common people went to the funeral together, wailing all the way, just like the funeral of their parents.

Personal achievement

Politics

Cao Yu was an excellent official of parents. He loved the people like a son. He was good at solving cases. He acted according to the situation and reason, and made the people feel grateful. Therefore, he was included in the biography of good officials in the book of Jin. ZHENG Ke of the Song Dynasty wrote "zhejiaguijian, Volume I, explanation of injustice", which recorded the incident of Cao's saving Linzi widow. It was said that "if the Linzi widow did not meet Cao, she would be no different from Donghai and Shangyu. However, to learn from the fact that one can be warned of wrongs is to show that the explanation of wrongs is sufficient, so it is attached to it. At the same time, Tang Yin Bi Shi, written by Gui Wanrong, also contained the article "Cao Ming Fu". "Taiping Yulan · volume 267" records two things: Cao Yu's case for the widow and his investigation of the missing horse when he served as Luoyang order. When Cao Yao was the governor of Xiangcheng, Xiangcheng had been destroyed and withered due to repeated wars. After Cao Yu took office, the rise and fall of corruption, less than a year to make Xiangcheng back to life. It can be seen that Cao was a good official.

literature

Many of Cao's poems are handed down from generation to generation, and most of them are presented to friends. Among them, "Gan Jiu Shi" is the most famous one, which says: the rich and the noble are united, and the poor and the humble are separated from their relatives. Lianlinmen changed track and Tiandou phase shifted. The morning wind gathers in the forest, and the birds go to the dead branches. Now I'm sleepy, and I'm afraid I'm not. The local people are generous and generous. To the guest of Binsong, raise the glass to praise Ruth. How can we sigh at linle? Susi and Luqi. According to the biography of Yin Hao in the book of Jin, Yin Hao once wrote two lines of this poem to bid farewell to his nephew Han Bo. This poem is also contained in Xiao Tong's selected works of Zhaoming, volume two and nineteen. "Sui Shu · Jing Ji Zhi" contains the record of "three volumes and one volume of Cao Yu's works collected by Sima Zhengnan"; both "Old Tang Shu · Jing Ji Zhi" and "New Tang Shu · Yi Wen Zhi" contain the record of "two volumes of Cao Yu's works".

Historical evaluation

"The book of Jin states:" if Bo is clean and diligent, Yan Yuanzhi pleads for a reprieve, Deng you wins food to report his work, Wu Yin drinks water to be strict, and Jin Dynasty's good ability is the best. " In Zhang Yin's biography of scholars, he said: "less Li zhicao, erudite and talented." "He became an official in the Jin Dynasty, established a government office, passed the Luoyang decree, and had a reputation." Liu Xie's Wenxindiaolong · cailue: "chenggongzi'an's selected Fu is beautiful at the time, Xiahou's filial piety is specific and subtle, Cao's Qing Dynasty is popular in the long chapter, and Ji Ying's discrimination is based on the short rhyme, each of which is good." Shen Qian added: "Cheng Gongsui's poems and Fu have beautiful structure; Xia houzhan has various styles, but no broad characteristics; Cao Yao's long four character poems are fresh and popular; Zhang Han's short verses are clear and appropriate. The above four have their own advantages. " In Zhong Rong's poetry volume, Ji Lun is far away from Yan Yuan and has an English chapter

Family members

Great grandfather: Cao Xiu grandfather: Cao Zhao father: Cao Xing peer: Cao Shi

Historical records

"Book of Jin · biography No.60 · good officials"

Chinese PinYin : Cao Shu