He Shaoji

He Shaoji

He Shaoji (1799-1873), a poet, painter and calligrapher of the late Qing Dynasty, was born in Daozhou, Hunan Province.

Daoguang 16 years Jinshi. At the beginning of Xianfeng Period, he studied politics in Sichuan Province, and had passed the provincial examination in Fujian Province. Li Zhu Shandong Luoyuan, Changsha Chengnan Academy. Tongjing history, Jing primary school inscriptions. Textual research on Li Jing according to Da Dai Ji. Yan Zhenqing was the first calligrapher, and he had a family of his own, especially cursive. His works include Xi Dao Wei Zhai Jing Shuo, Dong Zhou Cao Tang Shi Wen Chao, Shuo Wen Duan Zhu Bian Zheng, etc.

Life of the characters

He Shaoji (1799-1873), a native of Daozhou (today's Daoxian county) in Hunan Province, was named Zizhen, Dongzhou (1799-1873). Poets and calligraphers in Qing Dynasty. In the 16th year of Daoguang (1836), he was a Jinshi, editor of the Imperial Academy and chief editor of the National History Museum. He served as an examiner and governor of Guangdong Provincial examination, studied Zhejiang Province, promoted Sichuan to study politics, and was dismissed later. In his later years, he was in charge of many academies, such as Luoyuan in Shandong Province, Chengnan in Changsha City, Yangzhou in Suzhou City, etc.

He Shaoji was born in a scholarly family. His father, he Linghan, was a well-known calligrapher, educator, scholar and book collector. He Shaoji brothers are good at writing, known as "he's four outstanding.". In December of the fourth year of Jiaqing, he was born with his brother Shaoye in Dongmen Village, Dongmen township. When he was young, he and his younger brother ate with his mother in the Liao family, uncle of Xiaoping in the west of the state. He entered Beijing with his parents at the age of 8. In his early years, he was a student of Ruan Yuan and Cheng Enze. At the age of 18, he took the Beijing Zhaoshi examination and got his family members. Daoguang 11 years (1831) take excellent Gongsheng.

In 1814, Jiaqing 19, Jiaxu 16 years old

When Yu was 16 years old, he became a senior official, but he became an average graduate of Guiyou department in 18 provinces. He was a good student, and he had to know his talents to make friends with others. (preface to Xu LIUCHEN's poems on longevity)

In 1816, in the 21st year of Jiaqing, Bingzi was 18 years old

"We should try to get transcripts from Jingzhao." (he QingHan's tomb list of xianfujun)

Zhang Ye yuan was worshipped as the librarian.

In 1817, in the 22nd year of Jiaqing, Ding Chou was 19 years old

He studied in Zhangye Yuanshi in Beijing: in autumn, Zhangye Yuanshi returned to Hunan, and there was a poem "send Zhangye Yuanshi to the South".

In 1818, in the 23rd year of Jiaqing, Wuyin was 20 years old

"I began to read Shuowen and write seal characters." I learned from Gu Gengshi. (after the book was printed by Mr. Deng Wanbo)

In 1825, he was 27 years old

In the spring of this year, he got the rubbings of Zhang heinv's epitaph and Ode to Shimen in Jinan. At the beginning of autumn, he returned to Hunan and failed in the local examination.

In 1827, Ding Hai was 29 years old

The second time back home Daozhou. It was in Xia Dynasty that he got the sole copy of song Tuo Xue Shaobao's letter to Zen master stele in Bianzhong and the rubbings of Tian FA Shen Chen stele in early winter. In 1828, Wuzi was 30 years old

And Shaoqi returned to Daozhou for the third time. Returning to Hunan to take the local examination, "in autumn, we can make up for the students' meal.".

In 1829, he was 31 years old

He lived in Beijing and went to Gong Zizhen's home with Lin Zexu and Wei Yuan to observe Gong's reproduction of "nine lines of Luo Shen Fu by Wang Xianzhi in Song Dynasty".

He was 37 years old in 1835

In the summer, he returned to Hunan for the local examination and won the examination. After visiting Wu Rongguang, we can see his collection of gold and stone calligraphy and paintings, and write dozens of postscripts for the title. Concubine Wang's Qiongxiao was originally concubine Chen's Toshiba. (the diary of he hongsou who did not return to Hunan)

In 1836, in the 16th year of Daoguang, bingshen was 38 years old

"Bingshen Enke became a Jinshi, and the court's countermeasures were highly appreciated by the two prime ministers, Chang Wenxiang and Ruan wenda. They had already set up the chief officer, and because of their language defects, they were reduced to the eighth place in the second class, and they were changed to be a good scholar." (epitaph) female (born to Wang) Shaoyun was born. He was given the title of editor of Hanlin Academy. He has successively served as the school manager of wenyuange and the promotion officer of the National History Museum. He has served as the chief and Deputy examiners of Fujian, Guizhou and Guangdong provincial examinations.

In 1841, Xin Chou was 43 years old

In April, Shaoji and his father were buried in jiuziling (now Wangcheng) in Hexi mountain, Changsha. "In March, land is acquired, and in April, burial is done. I live in the side of the tomb, build the tomb wall and erect the Pavilion Hall. The inscriptions of Gongle Royal Sacrifice and imperial gift stand in front of the hall of enjoyment. The inscriptions of Shinto, written by Ruan Xiangguo, Yizheng, stand in the inner Ying. They set up a tomb field and plant trees until the end of the year. " (Wang jiuziling)

In 1842, Ren Yin was 44 years old

It is a new year's clothing from Changsha Fengmu to Jinling. In August, he joined the capital and worked in the National Museum of history. "The Zhiguo Museum of history was also responsible for the biography of local chronicles after serving as a museum. Every 369 years, the museum was full of rain and wind." (to the Museum of history on the 19th) got his eldest grandson in Jinling. "The eldest son of Duke QingHan taboo Wei Pu Sheng Dao Guang Ren Yin on April 28 Chen Shi." (genealogy)

In 1846, he was 48 years old

He served in the National Museum of history. "As a rule, all the books in the museum are first-class and second-class biographies, but none of them are lower than third-class biographies. Because of the establishment of the regulations, I wanted to search all the official books and the previous anthologies to supplement the biographies of the famous ministers below Sanpin since the beginning of the Republic of China. Mu Shixiang, the president of the Shang Dynasty, refused to agree, so I just gave up my speech (about Huang Haihua on October 12, the first episode of eliminating cold in Wuzhai)

Xianfeng two years (1852) served as Sichuan Xuezheng. He was an official for only two years. The next year, he was denounced as "wanton and false talk" because he had offended the powerful and dignitaries by stating current affairs. He was demoted and transferred to another post because of slander. He resigned.

In 1853, Guichou was 55 years old in the third year of Xianfeng

He made every effort to rectify the situation in Sichuan Province. On April 18, he played "Gongbao year-old test of Chengdu province". On July 24, he played "giving preferential advice on the payment of military donations". On November 7, according to the disadvantages of the test states, he played "asking for an order to check the amount of donations and transportation in Sichuan Province and to deal with banditry involving two different aspects, and participating in the general's making an order to prevent harassment".

In 1854, Jiayin was 56 years old

He was a student in Sichuan. On May 24, there will be a "request for an order to rectify the examination ability and eliminate malpractices" and "request for an order to correct the sacrifice ceremony of Erlang temple in Guanxian county"; on May 26, there will be a "request for an order to rectify the bad rules"; on May 25, there will be a "request for an order to report the completion of the provincial year-old examination and the year-old division examination"; on November 22, there will be a "request for an order to speed up the case of Tusi's attack"; and on November 22, there will be a "request for an order to rectify the bad rules". He wrote the poem "the man with ape arms" in 1927, and he was called "old man with ape arms" (old man with ape arms) since then.

In 1855, Yimao was 57 years old

In the spring, he went back to Chengdu on May 24. He learned that emperor Xianfeng had dismissed him from his academic and political position by the Ministry of justice for private crimes because he repeatedly reported 12 current affairs in April. On June 8, he was handed over to Huang Shouchen, governor of Sichuan Province. On the first day of July, I went to visit the tile house of Emei, and Ji You's work was compiled as the grass of the tile house of Emei.

In the sixth year of Xianfeng (1856), he started from Sichuan and arrived in Jinan via Shaanxi. He was lecturing in Shandong Luoyuan Academy. After giving lectures, I visited Daming Lake, Baotu Spring, pearl spring and Qianfo Mountain, leaving many poems.

In 1860, he left Jinan for Changsha at the invitation of Chengnan Academy. He taught in Chengnan Academy of Shandong and Changsha for more than ten years. In his later years, he presided over Suzhou and Yangzhou publishing houses, and published the thirteen classics notes, focusing on Zhejiang Xiaolian hall, visiting Wu and Yue, teaching apprentices. All my life, I have drunk a lot, visited many famous mountain resorts, and visited ancient times.

In 1865, he was 67 years old

Lecture: Changsha Chengnan Academy. In early spring, he went to Suzhou, then to Shanghai and Hangzhou, and back to Changsha in May. On October 12, Hu Shutang, Li ciqing, Huang Haihua and others were invited to write the first episode of dispelling cold. Li ciqing saw a brief introduction to the official affairs of the first imperial court compiled by Shi.

In 1870, he was 72 years old

In early spring, at the request of Ding Richang, he went to Wumen and lived in jinshiqiao lane of Suzhou. "When Wu's daughter (Shaoyun) was in Su with her son-in-law, Wu Guanli's mother-in-law, she was very happy to meet each other. Mr. Zeng wenzhenggong, Prime Minister of Fujing, and Mr. Ding Yusheng, Prime Minister of Zhongcheng, took charge of Suzhou and Yangzhou publishing houses, and published the annotated notes of the thirteen classics. Zhongcheng of yangshiquan, Zhejiang Province, also appointed the chief minister of Xiaolian hall as a lecturer (epitaph)

In 1873, Guiyou was 75 years old

He died in Suzhou. "In the first ten days of July, you suddenly suffered from dysentery. Dozens of days and nights, you suddenly lost your vitality. On the 20th, you suddenly told me that you were finally living in Suzhou." (epitaph) on December 19, the 13th year of Tongzhi, ziqinghan was buried in the plain of kuzhupo in Badu stone man chongnei, Nanxiang, Shanhua county.

Main impact

Confucian classics

He Shaoji went in and out of the gate of Ruan Yuan and Cheng Enze. He was familiar with the classics, history, law and calculation, especially in the primary school. He was one of the important figures who advocated Song Poetry in modern times. On poetry, he advocated "human being and Wen Yi", "learning to be a human being first", and then expressing one's temperament directly, "speaking one's own words" (preface to the making of Qiancao and on poetry with Wang Jushi). His poems "Zong Li, Du, Han, Su" are not named as one, but are triggered by the circumstances. He is one of the important advocates of "Song Poetry School". He had satirized the current politics in his poems, such as Hushang Zashu, which said that "people have no sleep when they are worried about the wind and the rain, and the sea and the country share a lot of ghost Qi equally". He was deeply indignant at the foreign invaders' occupation of the concession. However, due to the frustration of his official career and the arrest of his temperament, he said that "all the pompous words, complaints, gorgeous words, and derogatory words are not pleasant and dare not to do the same" (preface to Dongzhou thatched cottage poetry notes), emphasizing the "gentle and honest" Poetic Education. Therefore, most of the poems are singing, calligraphy and painting inscriptions and postscripts, and expressing personal feelings of life, rarely involving social and political content, such as the feeling of foreign invaders in Hushang miscellaneous books. His landscape poems are good at describing the objective scenery in plain and natural language, such as "mountain rain" and "Wangfeiyun cave".

Calligraphy

He Shaoji has made great achievements in calligraphy. Each style of calligraphy casts the ancients and has its own family. Cursive is especially good at it. He Shaoji's regular script takes the broad style of Yan Zi Jie, but not the air of laxity. At the same time, it also incorporates the Northern Dynasty inscriptions, Ouyang Xun and Ouyang Tongshu

Chinese PinYin : He Shao Ji