Xu Lin

Xu Lin

Xu Lin (1462-1538), the word Zi Ren, No. Jiufeng, bearded fairy, also known as Xu Shanren. A native of Changzhou (now Suzhou, Jiangsu Province), he was born in Huating (now Songjiang, Shanghai) and later moved to Jinling. Ming Dynasty opera writer.

Xu Lin has a casual and forthright personality. He works in calligraphy and is good at painting. At that time, he and Chen duo, the writer of Sanqu, had the title of "sacrificial wine in Qutan", and together with Xie Chengju, they were called "three talents of Jiangdong".

Profile

Xu Lin (1462-1538) was a dramatist in Ming Dynasty. He has lived in Nanjing since childhood. Wang Shizhen said that Xu Lin was more talented than Chen duo, but his works were not as good as Chen zuowenxie. At the end of Zhengde, Zhu Houli, the emperor of Wuzong, was on a tour to the south. He was recommended by Zang Xian, the Royal actor, and had been a consultant to the emperor. The song he wrote was appreciated by the emperor. He repeatedly asked him to be an official in the court, but he did not leave. Most of Xu Lin's Sanqu have not been spread. The style can be seen from his two poems, shanpo Yang and Xianqing, recorded in Nangong CI Ji. Xu Lin once wrote eight kinds of legendary operas, but now only "xiuruji" is left to write the love story between Li Yaxian and Zheng Yuanhe. The plot is based on the legendary novel "biography of Li WA" written by Bai Xingjian in Tang Dynasty, but it is also influenced by Shi Junbao's Zaju "Li Yaxian Huajiu qujiangchi" with the same theme in Yuan Dynasty. The image of Li Yaxian and Zheng Dan, the father of Zheng Yuanhe, is particularly successful. Li Yaxian, a prostitute, has a pure heart and a deep love for his lover, which is in sharp contrast to Zheng Dan, a feudal bureaucrat, who is honest in appearance but ruthless in fact.

Xu Lin is familiar with the life of the lower class. The servant Lai Xing, the owner of the shop and the beggars in Peitian courtyard are all vivid and distinctive, from which we can see a real aspect of social life at that time. There are few branches in the works, and the language is natural and concise, but the ending of the reconciliation between Zheng and his son is too simple and crude. In 1519, the emperor Fu Zong paid a tour to the south of Zhengde. He was near to his ci Han, and Wu Zong was lucky in his house. He cut his long beard to brush the dust. Lin called himself bearded Weng, and his father was called bearded uncle. Industrial landscape, flowers, pine, bamboo, banana stone, are all yiyizhi. Yigong seal cutting. He made friends with Shen Zhou and visited Shen (Zhou) in the third year of Hongzhi (1490). He is good at painting landscape, flowers, pine and bamboo. Good at landscape and flowers, calligraphy and seal cutting. The Japanese envoys have tasted Xu Lin's works and collected them. During his southern tour, Wuzong entertained him with vegetables and fresh bamboo shoots, drank and fished, and went to Beijing with the emperor. He was fond of collecting books. When he was in Jinling, he built "Kuaiyuan" to collect more books of Song Dynasty and other kinds. After his death, some of them copied the Song Dynasty and were brought to Sichuan by Maoqing city. Works handed down from generation to generation include the axis of the picture of chrysanthemum stone hare, the volume of the picture of flower spring stone, which is now stored in the Palace Museum; the picture of the peach on the first day, which was recorded in the collection of famous Chinese paintings in the ninth year of Zhengde (1514); the book of far journey, the record of late journey, the draft of the ancient Hangzhou Qingyou, the collection of Li bath hall, the collection of Kuaiyuan poems and essays, and the history of continued painting.

Calligraphy and painting works

Xu Lin lost his father at the age of 6 and lived in Nanjing with his brother. When he was 7 years old, he could write poems. He is good at calligraphy and can write big characters at the age of 9. A 14-year-old scholar, he was falsely accused of going to court. So he devoted himself to painting and calligraphy and drama creation. The regular script went between Ouyang Xun and Yan Zhenqing, and he learned Zhu huiweng's big characters, which was almost true. Later, he liked to copy Zhao Mengfu, but he had a strong pen, a serious structure, and a family of his own. You are very proficient in seal characters. At that time, Li Dongyang and Qiao Yu, who were known as the "sage of seal characters", were all inferior to Xu Lin's seal characters, and they were regarded as "the first in the contemporary era". As far as Korea and Japan, they all vied for their ink and regarded it as the most precious.

The book "thousand character Wenjuan" (divided into three pieces of grass, regular script and seal script, now stored in the Palace Museum) has a lovely and beautiful shape, strong and beautiful strokes, and a brilliant look. He was also good at painting and friendly with Shen Zhou. The landscape and flowers are all vivid. The handed down works include "the picture of a rabbit in a chrysanthemum stone" (now in the Palace Museum) and "the picture of a peach in the early days" (in the collection of famous Chinese paintings).

dramatic work

At the end of Zhengde, Zhu houzhao, the emperor of Wuzong, was on a tour to the south. He was recommended by Zang Xian, the Royal actor. He was a consultant to the emperor of Wuzong. The song he wrote was appreciated by the emperor. He repeatedly asked him to be an official in the court, but he did not leave. Most of Xu Lin's Sanqu failed to survive. The style can be seen from the two songs of Xianqing and shanpo Yang recorded in Nangong CI Ji. Xu Lin once wrote eight kinds of legendary operas, but only xiuruji remains today. Xiuruji tells the love and marriage story of prostitute Li Yaxian and Zheng Yuanhe in Tang Dynasty. This work is based on the legendary novel of Li wa Zhuan written by Bai Xing Jian in Tang Dynasty, Southern Drama of Li Yaxian in song and Yuan Dynasties, Zaju of Yuan Dynasty, Zheng Yuanhe, wind and snow, Li Yaxian, flower wine and Qujiang pool, and Zaju of Zhu you, Qujiang pool. The image of Li Yaxian and Zheng Dan, the father of Zheng Yuanhe, is particularly successful. Li Yaxian, a prostitute, has a pure heart and deep love for his lover, which is in sharp contrast to Zheng Dan, a feudal bureaucrat. He is often performed in Kunqu Opera. One of the scenes mentioned in Yangzhou is Jiaoge. Zheng Yuanhe, a scholar writer, was beaten to death by his father. He threw his body in the suburbs. Fortunately, he was accepted by a'er in Yangzhou and finally became a beggar.

The play is mainly about how Yangzhou a'er and his boss teach Zheng Yuanhe how to be a beggar. The plot is humorous, contradictory and full of comic effect. The role of Yangzhou a'er must speak Yangzhou dialect, which is not found in Bai Xingjian's biography of Li wa. There are few branches in the works, and the language is natural and concise, but the ending of the reconciliation between Zheng and his son is too simple and crude. Focusing on the experience of Li and Zheng, this paper criticizes the concept of the feudal marriage system and exposes the coldness and hypocrisy of feudal ethics. Li Yaxian's kind-hearted, tolerant and ambitious character is also successfully portrayed. The structure is concise, and it is a perfect play in the creation of similar themes. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, it was adapted into novels and widely spread. Many local operas in modern times were adapted into traditional operas.

Xu Lin is familiar with the life of the lower class. The servant Lai Xing, the owner of the shop and the beggars in Peitian courtyard are all vivid and distinctive, from which we can see a real aspect of social life at that time.

Lyrics

Xu Lin was seventy-seven years old around the beginning of Zhengde period. Don't give up your career. You're good at traveling. The words in the north and the south are of great talent, which are worshipped by prostitutes. There is a saying in the inscription on Wenbi: "Yuefu is a new biography of taoyedu, and Caihao has written Xue Tao's notes all over the place.". During the southern tour of emperor Wuzong, Zang Xianjian, the actor, ordered him to fill in new songs. Wu Zong was very happy about it. On a moonlit night, I was lucky to be at home. I had a good time drinking and fishing. Lin Mei had beards, and Wu Zong's hand Jian was Fu Zi, because he called himself bearded Weng. The retinue returned to Beijing, and repeatedly ordered him to be an official, but he did not worship. After the Zhonggeng incident, he returned home after brushing his clothes. After 20 years, he died.

Lin was as famous as Chen duo, both of whom were sacrificial wine in Nanjing Qutan at that time. His works include xiuru, Sanyuan, Meihua, Liuxie, Zhenzhong, Zhonggua and liangtuanjuan. There are few Sanqu in Jinling trifles, and only two of them are found in Nangong CI Ji. His composition is well versed in rhyme, and he is well-known overseas for his ability to make music a new sound. In 1520, Emperor Wuzong visited the South and was recommended to compose music for the emperor. He gave him a piece of clothing and went to his home many times. He was ordered to follow him to Beijing, where Wu Zong died and was not given an official. He has written eight legends and some Sanqu, such as liuxianji and sanyuanji, which is known as "sacrificial wine in Qutan".

Work evaluation

"Xu ranxian, Xu Gaoyang and Zhou Gongxia are all calligraphers," said Jiang Shaoshu of Ming Dynasty in yunshizhai Bi tan. "Besides the seal style, the style of the seal, the style of the seal and the heart painting are exquisite."

Zhou Yinglin, an Indian in the Ming Dynasty, also said: "in the Zhao Dynasty, there were Xu Chu, Feng Fang, Li Dongyang, Qiao Yu, Xu Lin, Wen Peng, and other gentlemen. Later, they first succeeded, and then they went to visit Qi Meng to advocate Xiuming."

Other works

His works include Li Zao Tang anthology, Xu Zi Ren's poetry anthology, Xu Zi Ren's continuation of the book history, notes on the phonology of Central Plains, etc.

The collection includes Kuaiyuan poetry anthology and Ya Song Ci Lu.

Chinese PinYin : Xu Lin