Zhang Ji

Zhang Ji

Zhang Ji (1882-1947), named Puquan, was born in Cangxian County, Hebei Province. He was a famous politician in the period of the Republic of China and a veteran of the Chinese Kuomintang. He studied in Lianchi Academy of Baoding in 1897. In 1899, he went to Waseda University in Japan to study. In 1903, he returned to China and founded newspapers such as national daily, Su daily, national daily, min daily and new century weekly with his friends to publicize the revolution. He joined the Chinese League in 1905. In 1912, he served as a member of the Provisional Senate of the Republic of China and director of the communication department of the headquarters of the Chinese League. He was elected president of the Senate in 1914. In 1917, he served as the representative of the French military government in Japan. In 1921, he served as the director general of the special Guangzhou Office of the Chinese Kuomintang, the propaganda minister of the Chinese Kuomintang, and the director of the Beijing Branch. In 1924, he was elected to the central supervisory committee of the Chinese Kuomintang. After 1928, he served successively as member of the political conference of the Central Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang, vice president of the Judicial Yuan of the national government, chairman of the Beiping provisional political branch, central supervisor, and director of the National History Museum. He died in Nanjing on December 15, 1947.

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Zhang Ji (1882-1947), whose name is Puquan, was born in Cangxian County, Hebei Province. He was a famous politician in the period of the Republic of China and a veteran of the Chinese Kuomintang. He studied in Lianchi Academy in Baoding in 1897. In 1899, he went to Waseda University in Tokyo to study abroad. In addition to going to school, Zhang Ji often read revolutionary books in the library, such as the French Revolution and the theory of the people's covenant. Inspired and influenced by his thoughts, he was determined to devote himself to the revolutionary struggle to overthrow the Manchu dictatorship, and devoted himself to "not caring about his family, not even his father's books.". In 1901, he participated in the compilation of the revolutionary Journal of the students studying in Japan, the national daily, to publicize the democratic revolution. Guangxu 28 years (1902) to participate in the Tokyo Youth Association for international students. In 1903, Yao Wenfu was expelled from China because he and Zou Rong cut off Yao Wenfu's pigtails to supervise the students studying in Japan. He became a brother with Zhang Taiyan, served as a teacher of Shanghai Patriotic Society, and actively wrote articles for Su Bao, such as "I wish the students of Beijing University" and "reading Yan Na Liu students' secret instructions with indignation", which publicized the revolution and spread for a time. After Su Bao was sealed, he continued to run the National Day daily with Zhang Shizhao. in 1904, he served as a history teacher in Mingde School of Changsha, founded Huaxing society with Huang Xing and Song Jiaoren, and devoted himself to the democratic revolution. Later, he was arrested in connection with the assassination of Wang Zhichun, governor of Guangxi, and then went to Japan. In 1905, Zhang Ji joined the Chinese League Association in Tokyo, Japan. He followed Dr. Sun Yat Sen to join the revolution and worked in the headquarters of the Chinese League Association. He served as the publisher and person of Min Bao, the organ newspaper of the Chinese League Association, and formulated six major tenets for the newspaper. In 1908, he went to France and founded new century weekly with Li Shizeng and Wu Zhihui to promote anarchism. After the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising in 1911, he returned to China and served as director of the communication department of the Chinese League Association and head of the Hebei Branch, and speaker of the first Senate of the National Congress. On August 25, 1912 (the first year of the Republic of China), the Chinese Alliance was officially reorganized into the Kuomintang and held a founding meeting in Beijing. Zhang Ji attended the meeting with Yan Xishan, Yang Zengxin, Li Liejun, Hu Ying, Wang chuanjiong, Wen Zongyao, Chen Jintao, Chen Taoyi, Mo Yongzhen, Shen Bingkun, Song Yu, Chu Fucheng, Yu Youren, Ma Junwu, Tian Tong, Tan Yankai, Zhang peijue, Xu Qian and Wang Shanquan Yao Xiguang, Zhao Binglin, Bai Wenwei, sun Yuyun, Jing yaoyue, Yu rujun, Zhang Qin, Zeng Zhaowen, Jiang Yiwu and Chen Mingyuan were elected as the councillors. In 1913, when the second revolution broke out, Zhang Ji organized a campaign against Yuan Shikai in Jiujiang, and then went to Japan. Since 1914 (the third year of the Republic of China), Zhang Jixian has served successively as the president of the Senate, the representative of the French military government in Japan, the propaganda minister of the Chinese Kuomintang, and the central supervisory committee of the Chinese Kuomintang. In 1916 (the fifth year of the Republic of China), he served as the representative of Sun Yat Sen's military government in Japan. In 1920 (the ninth year of the Republic of China), he served as an adviser to the Guangdong military government and the chairman of the northern executive department of the Kuomintang. In 1921 (the tenth year of the Republic of China), he served as the director general of the Guangzhou special office of the Chinese Kuomintang, the propaganda minister of the Chinese Kuomintang, and the director of the Beijing Branch. In November 1922 (the eleventh year of the Republic of China), he brought Sun Yat Sen's personal letter to Beijing for talks with the Soviet ambassador Yue Fei. In January 1924 (the 13th year of the Republic of China), Zhang Ji was elected as a member of the central supervisory committee of the Kuomintang. In June 1924 (the 13th year of the Republic of China), Zhang Jihe, Xie Chi and Deng zeru jointly proposed the case of impeachment of the Communist Party, which was reprimanded by Sun Yat Sen and even avoided Shanghai. On March 12, 1925 (the fourteenth year of the Republic of China), Sun Yat Sen died of illness. In November of the same year, Zhang Ji and Lin Sen organized the Xishan conference group to oppose Sun Yat Sen's three major policies of "uniting Russia, uniting the Communist Party and supporting agriculture and industry". In 1927 (the 16th year of the Republic of China), he was a member of the special committee of the Central Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang. Since 1928, he has been a member of the political conference of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang, vice president of the Judicial Yuan, member of the central supervisory committee, and director of the National History Museum. In his later years, he participated in the compilation of the history of the Chinese Kuomintang and the history of the Republic of China, and also in the establishment of the Palace Museum. In 1946 (the 35th year of the Republic of China), he attended the national assembly and was elected a member of the presidium. At the end of the same year, he became the director of the National Museum of history. He died in Nanjing on December 15, 1947. Zhang Ji is the author of complete works of Mr. Zhang Puquan and supplement.

Anecdotes of characters

On November 1, 1935 (the 24th year of the Republic of China), when sun Fengming, a patriot, assassinated Wang Jingwei in front of the auditorium of the Central Party headquarters in Nanjing, many senior officials panicked. Zhang Jingjiang fell to the ground and Kong Xiangxi went under the car. At that time, Zhang Ji, 53, was standing beside Wang Jingwei. When he heard the gunshot, he rushed over and held the assassin's waist tightly. Zhang Xueliang ran over and kicked sun Fengming's pistol. Two northerners subdued the assassin and saved Wang Jingwei's life. Zhang Ji's courage is not great, but he is also famous for his fear of wife. His wife Cui Zhenhua, a member of the central supervisory commission and a representative of the National Congress, is a famous "Hedong lion". At that time, Song Qingling and He Xiangning put forward the proposal of "uniting Russia to resist Japan" at the National Congress, and Zhang Ji also signed it. I went back to report to my wife truthfully and got a bad scold. So He Xiangning asked to tick off his name. People asked him why he was so rash, Zhang Jihong admitted with a face: "is the wife does not agree with Mrs. sun's idea, do not let me sign, how?" Someone joked with Zhang Ji and said, "you are like a fierce tiger. You are not afraid of bullets. Why are you afraid of your wife?" Zhang Ji explained: "my wife is a" Lion ". No matter how powerful the" tiger "is, can we not be afraid of it? Besides, all men are afraid of their wives, but my wife is not afraid of me. " Suddenly, that's what happened. After careful consideration, I couldn't help laughing. In particular, it is worth mentioning that Zhang Ji's protection of historical sites in Xi'an was carried out under the guiding ideology of "carrying forward the national spirit and conforming to the original intention of preparing for Xijing". The first is to mobilize the power of the central, local and all sectors of society to protect the environment. The renovation of Maoling and Zhaoling mausoleums was completed by Zhang Ji's direct request for funds from the central government and the local government. The Du Gong temple was repaired twice, and the first repair was donated by Zhang Ji in his own name. The Tanhua temple and Shuilu temple in Lantian were destroyed and robbed, the Jade Pagoda of Caotang temple in Huxian county was frequently destroyed, and the stone tiger and stone sheep in front of the tombs of Wang Mao and Wang Yongbin in Qujiang were stolen, as well as Fengqiao After hearing the report, Zhang Jiwen promptly sent instructions to the county government to stop the demolition with the help of the local government. In addition, when planning the Xijing highway network, Zhang Jijing consciously included various places of interest. Hanjing North Road, weiyanggong Road, mutasi Road, duling Road, qujiangchi road and roads along chanchuan have been completed successively. More than a hundred Li, so that visitors "can enjoy the scenery of the suburbs of Xijing for a week.". In addition, schools have been set up near some historic sites to "instill and carry forward the heroic and creative spirit of our martyrs, protect historic sites everywhere, popularize local education, and relieve local out of school children and the public." This should be the most distinctive and creative of all its practices. During the period when Zhang Jichou was the capital of Xijing, he ran three schools in the name of xijingchou, namely Maoling primary school, Zhaoling primary school and tianluge primary school. The three schools are all located in front of famous historic sites. The deep meaning of "borrowing historic sites to inspire and cultivate students' patriotic feelings, and preserving and protecting historic sites because of the school's courtesy" still has its reference significance today. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, it was rumored that the stele of Hanshan Temple had been destroyed by the Japanese invaders, so Wu Hufan thought that Zhang Jifan, the curator of the National Museum of history at that time, had the same name as the poet of the Tang Dynasty. If he obtained a Dharma script, it would add a good story to the ancient temple. Wu Hufan invited his friend Pu Yicheng to Nanjing to ask for a letter. Unexpectedly, a few days later, he saw the obituary of Zhang Ji's death in the newspaper. Wu Hufan sighed that for a long time, he would not get the letter of Zhang Ji's death. A few days later, when he received a letter from Nanjing, Zhang Ji finally wrote a postscript after his poem: "Yu Su has visited Hanshan Temple for many years, but he has never visited Wumen. Mr. Wu Hufan, whose name is more than one, is the same as the Tang Dynasty poet who wrote the poem about the Night Mooring on the maple bridge, and asked him to engrave the stone on the poem. However, Yu's name is permanent, which is not an imitation of the poet. In December of the 36th year of the Republic of China, Zhang Ji in Cangzhou was elected. Zhang Ji died of a sudden heart attack on the day when he wrote this poem.

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Ji