Guangji

Wuxue

Wuxue City is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Huanggang City, Hubei Province, China. It is an important part of Wuhan city circle and a port city in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. With a total area of 1246 square kilometers, the city has jurisdiction over 12 towns, 342 villages (communities) and a cultivated area of 500000 mu. As of 2018, the total registered residence of Wuxue was 823 thousand and 400.

Wuxue City is located in the North Bank of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the south foot of the Dabie Mountains, and the east edge of Hubei Province. It has always been the "thoroughfare of three provinces and seven counties" in the contiguous areas of Hubei, Anhui and Jiangxi. Wuxue City, formerly known as Guangji County, was called "the kingdom of Buddhism" in ancient times, which means "to widely practice Buddhism and to help all living beings". In 1987, with the approval of the State Council, the county was removed and the city was established.

Wuxue City has Wuxue port, one of the top ten deep-water ports in the Yangtze River. At the same time, Beijing Kowloon Railway, the longest railway in China, and Shanghai Chongqing Expressway, the longest expressway in China, meet here.

Wuxue City has the honorary titles of China's model county of landscaping, China's hometown of rape, Hubei Province's industrial city, Hubei Province's civilized city, China's hometown of martial arts, China's advanced city of science and technology, and "China's hometown of poetry". In March 2019, it was listed as the first batch of revolutionary cultural relics protection and utilization area sub County list.

Historical evolution

Wuxue has a long history. According to the archaeologists' discovery at the Chishan site in Dajin Town, human activities were recorded in Wuxue 3000-5000 years ago in the new antiquities era.

In the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, it was under the jurisdiction of Jingzhou; in the spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, it was under the jurisdiction of Chu; in the Qin Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Jiujiang County; in the Han Dynasty, it was under the jurisdiction of Jiangxia county (according to Hubei Tongzhi: "Guangji was the two counties of Qichun and Xunyang in the Han Dynasty); in the Three Kingdoms, it was under the jurisdiction of Wu, it was under the jurisdiction of Qichun County; in the Western Jin Dynasty, Guangji was still under the jurisdiction of Qi.

In 378 ad, Qichun was renamed Qiyang. In 412 A.D., Xunyang County moved to Chaisang in the south of the Yangtze River, and the former Jiangbei area was divided into Qiyang. So far, Qiyang County was renamed Qichang. In the fifth year of Chen Taijian (573 AD), Qi Changdi belonged to Chen. In 579 ad, the Northern Zhou Dynasty occupied the land of Qichang and set Guangji County as Yongning County, subordinate to Qichang County of Qizhou.

In the early Sui Dynasty, Yongning County belonged to the general manager's office of Qizhou (later renamed Qizhou and Qichun county). At the end of Sui Dynasty, Yongning County system was abolished and merged into Qichun county.

In the fourth year of Wude of Tang Dynasty (621 AD), it was divided into Qichun and Yongning County, which belongs to Qizhou of Huainan road. In the first year of Tianbao (742 AD), Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty changed his name to Guangji County, which belongs to Qizhou County, because he had the same name as Yongning County in Henan Province and Yongning County in the south of the Yangtze River. In the first year of Qianyuan (758 AD), Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty changed the name to Qizhou County, which still belongs to Guangji county.

Five Dynasties and ten States belong to Huainan daoqizhou.

In the Song Dynasty, the fifth year of Xining (1072 AD) belonged to Qizhou on Huainan West Road.

After Gaozong went to the south, Shaoxing County was abandoned as a town in 1135 A.D., and the county system was soon restored.

In Yuan Dynasty, Guangji belonged to Qizhou Road, Jiangbei Province, Henan Province.

In the Ming Dynasty, in the first year of Hongwu (1368 A.D.), Qizhou road was changed into a mansion, and Guangji belonged to it. In the ninth year of Hongwu, Guangji was subordinate to Huangzhou Prefecture, Huangzhou Prefecture of Huguang Prefecture, and soon changed to Henan Prefecture. Hongwu 24 years also belong to Huguang.

In the Qing Dynasty, it belonged to Qizhou at the beginning and Huangzhou in the third year of Kangxi (1664 AD). At the end of Qing Dynasty, Guangji belonged to Jianghan Road in Hubei Province.

At the beginning of the Republic of China, Guangji still belonged to Jianghan Road. In 1926, the road was abandoned and Guangji was directly under Hubei Province. In October 1932, the three-level system of province, specialty and county was implemented, and Guangji belonged to the third administrative supervision area. In 1936, it was transferred to the second administrative supervision district. In 1940, it belonged to Edong administrative office. In November 1945, it belonged to the second administrative supervision area of Hubei Province.

In 1949, after the founding of the people's Republic of China, it was established as Guangji County, which has been subordinate to Huanggang area of Hubei Province.

On October 23, 1987, Guangji county was abolished and Wuxue City was established in the name of Wuxue town.

In 1996, Wuxue City covers an area of 1200.4 square kilometers and has a population of about 700000. It has jurisdiction over 4 streets, 8 towns and 4 townships: Wuxue street, Zhanjiang street, Tianzhen street, Longping street, Meichuan Town, Yuchuan Town, Huaqiao Town, Zhenggongta Town, Dajin Town, Shifosi Town, Siwang Town, Dafasi Town, Henggang Town, Taiping Town, Lianglu town and Nanquan town. The municipal government is stationed in Wuxue. There is a state-owned farm and a science and technology economic development zone.

In December 1997, with the approval of the provincial government, LIANGLU township was abolished and Lianglu town was established. The town government was moved from queershan to denggaoshan.

In December 1998, with the approval of the provincial government, Tianzhen sub district office moved to pantang. So far, the city has jurisdiction over 4 streets, 9 towns, 3 townships and 1 farm.

In December 2000, with the approval of the provincial government, LIANGLU Town, Henggang Township and Nanquan Township were abolished and merged into Meichuan town; Taiping Township was abolished and merged into Yuchuan town; Zhenggongta town was abolished and merged into Huaqiao town; Longping street was abolished and Longping town was established. In the same year, six administrative villages, jiangjialin, wuguying, Xinji, zhangshuxia, zhuqiwu and guoyinglong, were put under the jurisdiction of Wuxue street. After the adjustment, the city governs three streets and eight towns (including one farm): Wuxue street, Zhanjiang street, Tianjia street, Meichuan Town, Yuchuan Town, Huaqiao Town, Dajin Town, Siwang Town, Shifosi Town, Dafasi Town, Longping town (including the state-owned wanzhanghu farm area).

In November 2004, with the approval of the provincial people's government, wanzhanghu sub district office was set up. Its administrative area is the former state-owned wanzhanghu farm area, which is located in Xingang. At the same time, Huanghu village, taipo village, wanzhanghu village and Xingang community neighborhood committee were set up with the approval of the Municipal People's government. By 2005, the city's administrative divisions are 4 sub district offices and 8 towns.

administrative division

Wuxue City governs 4 streets, 8 towns and 342 villages (communities).

geographical environment

topographic features

The landform structure of Wuxue is mainly plain and hilly. In the north, there are rolling low mountains, hills in the middle and West, and plains in the South and Southeast. The terrain is high in the north and low in the southeast, dipping from north to Southeast. Basins and valleys are distributed in low mountains and hills. There are some depressions in the plain. The mountainous area is mainly distributed in the northern edge of the city, which is composed of Taiping mountain and Henggang mountain, the second branch of Dabie Mountain, covering an area of 84.53 square kilometers, accounting for 7.04% of the total area. Hills are mainly distributed in the middle, northwest and southwest of China, while low hills are mainly distributed in the middle, with gentle slopes and alternate ridges. The conditions for the development of grain, cotton, oil, ramie and citrus are extremely superior. Therefore, it has become a famous grain production county, a hometown of rape and a high-quality fruit base in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The plain is distributed in cangtoubu dajinpu Huaqiao Zhenggongta to the south of the Yangtze River, covering an area of about 717.86 square kilometers. The main rivers are Yangtze River, Meichuan River, Jingzhu River, Dajin River and daiwenyi river. The existing lakes are Taibai lake, Wushan lake and Makou lake. The reservoirs mainly include Meichuan reservoir, Jingzhu reservoir, xianrenba reservoir, dajinshui reservoir, 4 medium-sized reservoirs and many small reservoirs.

climate

Wuxue has a subtropical monsoon humid climate. The main characteristics of the climate are that the average daily temperature in a year is equal to or greater than 10 ℃, the plant production period is long, and the rainfall is large. Spring begins in mid March, summer in late May, autumn in early October and winter in late November. Summer is hot, plum rain is obvious, autumn is high and cool, winter is warm, climate is mild and humid, it is suitable for the comprehensive development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery. The annual average total amount of sunshine radiation in the city is 106.799 kcal / cm2, the annual average of 125.4 sunny days, and the average annual sunshine hours is 1913.5 hours. The annual average temperature of the whole city is 16.8 degrees centigrade, with east wind and southeast wind in the whole year. The annual average precipitation of the whole city is 1278.7-1442.6 mm, and the first day of snowfall is in December.

natural resources

Botany

As of 2018, there are 64 kinds of forest tree species in Wuxue City, including 48 kinds of timber forest and 16 kinds of economic forest. There are more than 500 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines in 132 families, with an estimated total reserve of 6.3 million kg. There are more than 250000 kg of peppermint, more than 100000 kg of mufangji, Lycoris, Verbena, Huzhang and xiaoqingcao, more than 50000 kg of yivanilla, xiangfuzi, Yinchen, Ganjiang, Chenpi, Prunella vulgaris and wild chrysanthemum, more than 50000 kg of Sophora flavescens, Wuyao, Guanzhong, plantain, Danshen, Xanthium sibiricum, yinxingcao, Jipan, haibai, Ligustrum lucidum and Shuichangpu All above 25000 kg.

animal

As of 2018, there are aquatic animals, animals, birds and insects in Wuxue. There are more than 90 species of aquatic species, such as Tuan fish, long snout bream, shad (produced in Wuxue section of Yangtze River), silver fish (produced in Taibai Lake), eel (commonly known as eel), frog, salamander, etc. There are leopard, civet (commonly known as civet), gazelle, pangolin (commonly known as mud carp), muntjac. Insects and other domestic insects mainly include silkworms, honeybees, soil insects (Note: the above insects are also artificially fed) and wild bees. Amphibians and reptiles are mainly snakes, geckos and centipedes.

hydrology

As of 2018, Wuxue has a dense surface hydrological network. The Yangtze River flows from west to East through the southwest and southern edge of the city. The drainage area of the whole city mainly belongs to the Huayang River System in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Meichuan reservoir, Jingzhu reservoir, Dajin reservoir, Dai Wenyi, Tieshi and other rivers, which originate from the low mountains in the north and hills in the middle, flow into Wushan lake and Taibai lake and flow into Huayang River in the East. The drainage area is 953.2 square kilometers. Secondly, it belongs to the Qishui river system in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River

Chinese PinYin : Guang Ji