Cui zundu

Cui zundu

Cui zundu (954-1020) was an official and Guqin player in the Northern Song Dynasty. Jianbai word, the Jiangling (now Hubei) people, back to Zichuan (now Shandong Zibo). Taizong Taiping Xingguo eight years (983) Jinshi, for and Sichuan book. When he knew Zhongzhou, he met Lishun uprising, abandoned the city and demoted Chongyang. When Zhenzong ascended the throne, he restored the crown prince's consent and changed taichangcheng and zhishiguan to compile the national history of the two dynasties. Tired official Zuo Si Jian. Renzong opened his residence with Shouchun county king and ordered him to be his friend. Chu Gong Jian, Jia Li Bu, a doctor and Zuo Yude. He wrote Qin Jian, which clearly put forward the aesthetic thought of "being clear and beautiful but still, being harmonious and smooth but far away", which played a great role in the development of Qin culture.

brief account of the author's life

Cui zundu, a pure and studious scholar, studied Confucian classics from his uncle when he was 7 years old. He often asked his uncle some questions about the annals of the spring and Autumn period and the annals of the Han Dynasty. His uncle said to people: "this child will be famous in the future!" In 983, Cui zundu was a Jinshi in the eighth year of the Taiping rejuvenation of the state. The Wuding River in Suizhou often overflows, so he made a "discipline" in the hope of regulation. In the early years of Duangong, Emperor Zhenzong of the Song Dynasty, he moved to the Vice Minister of transportation. The imperial court built a new secret Pavilion, and Cui zundu was selected for his outstanding literary talent and promoted to work. During the reign of Chunhua, Cui zundu moved to Zhongcheng and became the governor of Zhongzhou (now Zhongxian County in Sichuan Province). Local farmers revolted and occupied the city. Cui zundu was loyal to the river and was rescued by his subordinates. He was demoted to the county magistrate of Chongyang (now Chongyang County, Hubei Province) because of his failure in defending the city. Xianping early years, the restoration of the original title, granted as Prince zhongyun. during the reign of emperor Zhenzong in Jingde, the imperial court decided to compile the national history of Taizu and Taizong. As this was the first time that the Song Dynasty compiled the national history, it was very careful. Chongzheng Hall selected people who were qualified for this task from the national officials. After reading the articles written by Cui zundu, the Chongzheng Hall was very happy, so it called him to the Sheren courtyard. Soon after, he was appointed taichangcheng, serving in the history museum, and Lu Zhentong was the editor in charge of the compilation of the national history of the two dynasties. In the first year of Dazhong Xiangfu (1008), he was instructed to practice the living notes of emperor Zhenzong, who was a doctor, and then gave Cui zundu the title of Zuo Si Jian. Cui zundu is usually silent, unconquered with the world, pure and indifferent to fame and wealth. He has been in charge of compiling history books for more than ten years and has been doing his duty. In the seventh year of Xiangfu, song Zhenzong built an altar in the eastern suburb of Kaifeng, Kyoto, to offer sacrifices to heaven and earth as well as to the two former emperors, Taizu and Taizong. Cui zundu and Zhang Tong are Canon records, and Shu Haotian is the emperor. In addition, he added Shengzu's coordination, and became a rightist. Over age, and its rank. In the ninth year of Xiangfu, the crown prince and Shouchun Prince Zhao Zhen (later song Renzong) opened his office. Zhenzong ordered the prime minister to select a scholar with both ability and political integrity. The ministers of the Central Court unanimously elected Cui zundu to take up the post. Therefore, he and Zhang Shixun were friends of the crown prince Zhao Zhen, and they were changed to wailang, a member of the household department, and granted him the title of doctor jinziguanglu. Zhenzong personally wrote a seven character poem as a gift. After the completion of the national history of the two dynasties, Cui zundu changed the title to wailang. Soon after, he was promoted to be a doctor in the Ministry of rites and served as a counsellor in the army. He was also an official in the Ministry of history, Zuo Yude. He died in 1020.

Personal achievement

Cui zundu is one of the main authors of "Xikun style" poetry school, with a collection of 20 volumes. Cui zundu's poems are included in Yang Yi's Xikun compendium. Most of his subjects chanted the stories of the emperors and the court of the former dynasty, which he collected from the "legacy" and "previous works" in his spare time. Although the content of the poems is thin and the feelings are not very abundant, they are more gorgeous, harmonious and steady than those of the late Tang and Five Dynasties in art. Cui zundu's music works also occupy an important position in the history of ancient music, and his representative work is Qin Jian. This book makes a precise description of musical instruments, music theory and music emotion. In particular, it has a unique insight on the expression of the thirteen symbols of music score in Guqin performance techniques, chord deployment, telepathy and other aspects. For example, in order to achieve the effect that the string is exhausted but the sound is not extinguished, he pointed out the gist of the six strings echoing each other: "one must be in four, two must be in five, three must be in six." His writing method of combining music theory with performance operation makes up for the defects of similar works. The content of Qin Jian also fills in the blank of previous music works. As Cui zundu himself said, "Qin Jian" was written to change the situation of music works.

Related literature

Notes on mianshui swallow

Cui zundu, Qingjie Chunde, moored in Rongli. For more than ten years, Emperor Taizong had been serving in the royal palace. He stood on the side of the hall to shield himself and didn't want to be the emperor. Qin de you Gao, tasting Qin Jian, singing Qin in the room, often through the night, his wife rarely face.

History of Song Dynasty

Cui zundu, a native of Jiangling, moved back to Zichuan, Zizhou. At the age of seven, he taught classics to his uncle Xian. He asked Yu Xian about the annals of the spring and Autumn Annals, the history and the biography of the Han Dynasty. Xian said, "this son will be named in the future." In the eighth year of Taiping's rejuvenation of the state, he was promoted to Jinshi, and then he changed Linfen into Wuhe. He fed his cud and arrived in Suizhou three times. He was involved in the Wuding River, where the sand and water flowed together without any fixed trace. He was drowned one after another. He was compassionate with him and wrote the inscription "Ji Yan". At the beginning of Duangong, Xia Houtao, the Deputy envoy of the transport department, went to his office, called him back, sat down and recommended himself for his articles. When the new secret Pavilion, hit the book, try to write a song, promote the book Zuo Lang. In Chunhua, Li Zhijian, the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs, moved to Zhongcheng, and went out to know Zhongzhou. In the rebellion of Li Shunzhi, the thief sent his party Zhang Yu to attack. Zundu led more than 100 Jiashi to fight against the city. The thief crossed the battlements to enter. Zundu threw himself into the middle of the river and was rescued by the state soldiers. Lost City, demoted Chongyang order, moved Luyi. At the beginning of Xianping, he was granted by the crown prince. In the early days of Jingde, the name of zundu appeared in the palace of Chongzheng, the imperial edict was issued for the articles written, the imperial court was called for examination, and the taichangcheng and zhishiguan were changed. He was able to edit the history of the two dynasties, and became an editor with Lu Zhen. In the first year of Dazhong Xiangfu, he ordered his fellow practitioners to write notes on daily life. Dongfeng, a doctor, worshipped fenyin, was a year old. Zhenzong was a rare official of the two provinces, so Qin Qing chose to make up for it and ordered Zuo Si to admonish him. zundu has no competition with other things. He is honest and plain, and he is snobbish. Zhang Youshi is more than ten years old. He stands on the long hall and often retreats to hide between the couplets. He who is good at playing drum and zither has deep interest. There are small pavilions and bamboo books planted by hand. They retreat, sit on it silently, play the piano and drink alone, and feel comfortable. Taste "Qin Jian" says: the word of the world Qin, must say three feet six inches long as the date of the period, thirteen emblem as the period of the month, in the middle as leap, the previous life did not distinguish. In the Tang Dynasty, Xie Lulang and Liu Fu used musical instruments to match various festivals, which was called the sound of the summer solstice. As for Fansheng, if there is no description of his death, he will suffer from illness. Because of the bow attached to the case, pan its string and thirteen emblem sound Yan, Kuang Qin and Se string! It is not just the sound of the summer solstice that those who know what is not the so-called image can build the ear of nature. In the book of changes, there is Taiji, which is the birth of Liangyi. Liangyi is the festival of Taiji; Sishi is the festival of Liangyi; Lulu is the festival of Sishi; diel is the festival of Lulu; diel is the festival of diel. From small to large, the intersection of the years. It is neither necessary to make it chaste nor not chaste. It is also natural for Qi. Since Qi is restrained, the same sound should be used. Neither should it be used nor should it be used. It is natural to count. If we should be chaste, then the culture of heaven and earth will be completed. The meaning of a text can be written in any form, or it can be revealed by false objects. The sun, the stars, the mountains, the plants, the flowers, the festival, the five colors. It's the same with the other. As for human beings, they often have five natures but don't read them, and then write them according to the events; in daily life, they often have five colors but don't see them, and then see them according to the water; in Qi, they often have five tones but don't hear them, and then smell them according to the string. It's a fake. Therefore, sages can not know the number of nature by writing Yi, and can not know the festival of nature by playing Qin. What is it? The number of this in one and become in three, so heavy, so "Yi" six painting into hexagrams. It should also be, one must be in four, two must be in five, three must be in six Yan. Qi calls each other, so it should be. Since the hexagram is painted, it is impossible to paint the Qin. First, a string of Pan Tong, when the festival is clear, but the number, not its festival is silent, how human also ya! And the emblem has thirteen, and the one in the middle is one. From the middle to the left, there are three Yans, and from the right, there are three Yans. The sound is only killing, and the sound is decreasing when the string is exhausted. One must be in four, two must be in five, three must be in six. In the book of changes, even three is six. The three talents are matched with each other, from which all things come out. Although it is said that the number of six paintings is only three. The painting of Qin is also rooted in one, even in six, and one bell is the birth of Tao. In the number is one, in the law is yellow, in the sound is palace, in the wood is root, in the four body is heart, from which the emblem is born. Although it is said to be thirteen, and its festival is only three. The virtue of hexagram is the longitude; the virtue of yarrow is the circle and the weft; therefore, all things cannot escape from its image. Hui three of its section, also by; string five of its sound, Wei also; so the sound can not beat its text. The pre Confucianism said that the eight tones take the silk as the king and the silk takes the Qin as the king. It's stupid to say that Qin takes Zhonghui as the king, and it's done. The thirteen emblems of the husband can be heard. If we try our best to examine it, we can see that there are always 23 Hui Yan, which is one spirit. There is no limit to the length of the string! then all things are based on heaven and earth, heaven and earth are based on Taiji, and everything is beyond Taiji, sage is based on Tao, Tao is based on nature, and inaction is beyond nature, music is based on Qin, Qin is based on Zhonghui, and silence is beyond Zhonghui. Those who know how to write Yi test the image of heaven and earth, while those who write Qin test the sound of heaven and earth. In the past, the voice is hidden but not talked about; in the past, the voice is reserved but forgotten. "Qin Jian" is also a common work. Please wait for a gentleman. The world says it knows what it says. In the seventh year, in the eastern suburb, the altar was built. On the altar, there are two saints who sit upright and serve heaven and earth. Zundushi and Zhang Fu wrote the same note that Haotian was the emperor of the Kingdom, and the emperor's coordination was added to the book. Over age, and its rank. In the ninth year of the Qing Dynasty, Renzong opened his residence with Shouchun county king, and ordered the prime minister to choose Qi and de. Fangzheng had scholars, who said that he followed the rules of mechanics, had scholars, and was called the elder at that time, so he ordered to merge with Zhang Shixun

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