Cui Shi

Cui Shi

Cui Shi (SH í) (671-713) was born in Anxi County, Dingzhou (now Dingxian County, Hebei Province). During the Tang Dynasty, the prime minister was the grandson of Cui Renshi, the Minister of Zhongshu, and the son of Cui Yi, the Minister of Hubu.

Cui Shi was born in an bungalow of Cui family in Boling. He became a scholar and was awarded Zuo buque. He participated in the compilation of the three teachings Zhuying as a Bachelor of Beimen. Attached to Wu Sansi and Shangguan Waner successively, he moved from kaogong yuan wailang to Zhongshu Shilang and Tongping Zhangshi. In the process of talent selection, he accepted bribes, demoted Jiang Zhou Sima, and moved to Zuo Cheng. After the death of Tang Zhongzong, he attached himself to empress Wei and gave him the title of minister. After Tang Long's coup, she attached herself to Princess Taiping and gave her three grades to Zhongshu.

In the second year of Xiantian (713), after the coup d'etat, he was exiled to Lingnan. He died on the way. He was 43 years old.

Life of the characters

Attached to Wu family

Cui Shi was famous for his diction when he was young. Later, he passed the imperial examination and moved to zuobuque. He also participated in the compilation of the three religions Zhuying, and became a royal censor in the palace. In the first year of Shenlong (705), Cui Shi changed his post to kaogong yuan wailang. At that time, Huan yanfan was in charge of the court. He was afraid that Wu Sansi would slander the emperor, so he sent Cui Shi to Wu Sansi to spy on him. Cui Shi saw that Tang Zhongzong was suspicious of meritorious officials, and Wu Sansi became more and more popular. He betrayed Huan yanfan, attached to Wu Sansi, and was promoted to Zhongshu Sheren. In the second year of Shenlong (706), Huan yanfan, Jinghui and others were exiled to Lingnan. Cui Shi advised Wu to think twice: "Jing Hui and others will definitely come back in the future, and they will become future troubles. It's better to kill them by Jiao Zhao." And recommended cousin Zhou Lizhen. Zhou Lizhen killed Huan yanfan, Jinghui and others and was promoted to Zhongcheng.

As prime minister

In the second year of Jinglong (708), Cui Shi was changed to serve as the Minister of the army. Together with his father, Cui Yi, who served as the Minister of rites, he also served as the deputy of Shangshu Province, setting a precedent in the Tang Dynasty. At that time, Zhaorong Shangguan Wan'er specialized in internal affairs, and Cui Shi was attached to her. Therefore, he was deeply trusted by Tang Zhongzong. He was changed to be the Minister of the Ministry of officials, the Minister of Zhongshu, and the Minister of tongzhongshu. In the third year of Jinglong (709), Cui Shi and Zheng Min took charge of Dianxuan together. He accepted bribes, sold officials, wantonly destroyed the system of selecting officials, was impeached by the censor Li Shangyin, and was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima. Later, Shangguan Wan'er and Princess Anle spoke in front of the emperor many times. Cui Shi was able to change the title of governor of Xiangzhou, and soon became the minister Zuo Cheng. In the first year of Jingyun (710), Tang Zhongzong died. Empress Wei appointed Li chongmao as emperor, and appointed Cui Shi as the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs and the junior member of tongzhongshu. Soon, Li chongmao's Zen was located in Li Dan, the Prime Minister of Tang Dynasty. Cui Shi was demoted to be the governor of Huazhou, and later served as Prince Zhan Shi. At first, Cui Shi suggested that Nanshan new road should be opened to connect the land and water transportation in Shangzhou. Tens of thousands of servicemen were forced to open a new road, and the old road was forbidden to pass. In the second year of Jingyun's reign (711), Cui Shi was called doctor Yinqing Guanglu, and was recommended by Princess Taiping as a junior member of Tongzhong school. In the first year of Xianxian (712), Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty ascended the throne and appointed Cui Shi as Zhongshu Ling. Liu youqiu was demoted to Lingnan and ordered Zhou Lizhen to kill him, but he failed. At that time, Cui Yi became an official when he was old. Because he was asked by others, he interfered in Cui Shi's official affairs many times. Cui Shi mostly refused, so his father and son were disharmonious and despised by public opinion.

Exile and death

Before that, when Emperor Xuanzong was the crown prince of Tang Dynasty, he visited Cui Shi many times and regarded him as his confidant, but Cui Shi was attached to Princess Taiping. Chen Zhenlu, a disciple, presented the ode to the seagull in order to admonish Cui Shi. Although Cui Shi said he was good, he was not happy in his heart. In 713 (the first year of Kaiyuan), Princess Taiping conspired with prime ministers Cui Shi, dou huaizhen, Cenxi, Xiao Zhizhong and Prince Shaobao Xue Ji to abolish Tang Xuanzong and establish another emperor. Cui Shi also conspired with yuan family to poison the red arrow powder used by Xuanzong. In July of the same year, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty wanted to kill Xiao Zhizhong and others. He also called Cui Shi and entrusted him with his heart. My younger brother Cui Di said to Cui Shi, "no matter what the emperor asks you, don't hide it." Cui Shi didn't adopt it. After Xiao Zhizhong and others were killed, Cui Shi was also exiled to Lingnan. At that time, Li Jin, the king of Xinxing County, was also put to death. Before he died, he sighed, "Cui Shi was the one who planned this, but now I am beheaded, but Cui Shi is only exiled. How unjust it is!" Before long, Cui Shi's conspiracy to enter the poison was discovered, and he was chased to death by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. He was 43 years old.

Anecdotes and allusions

Thank you more than Wang

Cui Shi and his brothers Cui ye, Cui Di and Cui Li all held important positions because of their talent and learning. Every time the brothers had a banquet, Cui Shi always compared himself with the nobility of Wang Xie in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He often said, "our Cui family is of noble origin and distinguished officials. They are all first-class. A big man should be in power. How can he be controlled by others in silence? "

On Zhang Fu's Poetry

When Cui Shi was Prime Minister, he was only 38 years old. He once went out of the Meridian Gate in the evening, went down to Tianjin bridge, and wrote a poem: "spring is still on the forest garden, and flowers are all over Luoyang City." Zhang sighed: "I can catch up with him for his literary talent and status, but I can't catch up with him for his achievements at his age."

A stick is a worry

Cui Yi, Cui Shi's father, accepted bribes from others to seek official positions for him. Cui Shi didn't know about it and didn't employ this person. The man then said to Cui Shi, "your relatives have accepted my money. Why didn't they give me an official position?" Cui Shi was furious: "which of my relatives took your money? I'll stick him to death. " Unexpectedly, the briber even said: "you must not stick him to death, or you will worry about it." Cui Shi then realized that his father had taken bribes, and he couldn't help feeling ashamed.

Premonition

When Cui Shi was exiled to Lingnan, he passed through Jingzhou. He dreamed that he was sitting on the ground, listening to the Dharma and looking in the mirror. He asked Zhang you, who was good at dreaming. Zhang you said: "this is a sign of great evil. Sit on the ground and listen to Dharma. Dharma comes from the top. The word "mirror" is a Jingzi beside the gold. Is it going to be today? " Soon, the censor sent an edict to Cui Shi to commit suicide.

Character evaluation

Zhang Zhuo: Xue Ji, the crown prince of Tang Dynasty, Shi Lijin, governor of Yong Dynasty, Cui Shi, Xiao Zhizhong, Cen Xi, etc. all of them are decorated with loyalty and flattery. Liu Xu: Cui Shi's virtue is to go beyond his ancestors, which means that he can rely on his potential, that he can enter without injury, and that he is an extremely important official, but his heart has no limit. Read "Seagull Fu", know but not admonish, and Jingzhou dream, people know. The book of changes says, "if you are not chaste, who is to blame?"

personal works

There are three chapters in quantangwen: Yeliao Fu, epitaph of Yushitai jingshe, stele of Yuan Gong, servant of the former Ministry of officials. There are 32 poems in quantangwen: saiyuanxing, sending the envoy of Liangqing to Dongfan diaozhi, sending the high envoy of tangzhou to his post, Chunwang in northern Hebei, and Jinglong's two-year experience in Pingzhang On the way to Xiangyang in Japan, he expressed his ambition, made a trip to the desert, held a banquet in Dongzhuang, Princess Changning, held a banquet in Dongzhuang, sent Princess Jincheng to Xifan, held a banquet in xingbailuguan, held a ball game in xingliyuantingguan, held a banquet in nine days in Ci'en Temple, folded willows, Bianchou, jieyuyuan, and held a spring thought in dulintai《 Send to Tiantai Sima, Tang Duwei Shanchi, Jianglou Xiwang, Xiangcheng Jishi, Qinzhou xuedudu elegy, Fenghe chunri xingwangchun palace, Fenghe Xingwei Sili mountain villa banquet system, Tongli yuanwaichungui, Xiangyang early autumn send Cen Shilang, send Su Shaofu to Jiangnan and return to Beijing, Deng Zongzhi temple, early spring frontier city Huai GUI, Zhi Taolin Sai Zuo, Xiangyang Zuo, Xi Ru Chang'an, Feng He Xing Wei Sili villa Ying Zhi

Relative members

According to the records in the book of the new Tang Dynasty, Cui Shi was born in the Cui family's bungalow in Boling, and was the descendant of the father and son of Cui lie and Cui Jun, two famous scholars in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Cui Jun, the 11th grandson of Cui Jun, was an official to the prime minister during the Zhenguan period of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty. < I > table reference: < / I >

Historical records

The old book of Tang, volume 74, biography 24; the new book of Tang, volume 99, biography 24

Film and television image

In 1986, Liu Changming played Cui shi , in 1990, the emperor of Tang Dynasty, Che Xiaotong played Cui shi , in 1999, Daming Palace Ci, and Li Aijun played Cui Shi (Cui Ti, who merged with Xue Chongjian)

Chinese PinYin : Cui Shi