Fu Bi

Fu Bi

Fu Bi (February 13, 1004 - August 8, 1083), the word Yan state. He'nan (now Luoyang City, Henan Province) people. He was a famous prime minister and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty.

In 1030, Fu Bi held the rank of maocai and other officials, and he was awarded the posts of Jiancheng, zhijixianyuan, Zhijianyuan, etc. In the second year of Qingli (1042), when he was sent to Liao state as an envoy, he argued for the increase of Sui coin and refused to cede land. When he served as deputy envoy of Shumi, he and Fan Zhongyan jointly carried out the new policy of Qingli. After the failure of the new deal, Yunzhou, Qingzhou and other places were known. During his term of office, he rescued hundreds of thousands of victims. To and two years (1055) worship phase. Emperor Yingzong of Song Dynasty ascended the throne and called him as the Privy envoy. He was dismissed because of foot disease and was granted the title of Duke Zheng. In the second year of Xining reign of emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty (1069), he became prime minister again. Because he opposed Wang Anshi's reform, he sentenced Bozhou and refused to implement the Qingmiao law. Later, he retired to Luoyang as an official of Sikong and Korea, and continued to ask for the repeal of the new law. In 1083, Fu Bi died at the age of 80. He was awarded the title of "Wenzhong". In the first year of Yuanyou (1086), he was entitled to the Temple Court of Shenzong, and the seal script of Song Zhe zongqin had the title of "showing loyalty and advocating virtue". He was one of the 24 meritorious officials of zhaoxun Pavilion. Kangxi 61 years (1722), from the worship of the emperor temple. This is the collection of Fu Zheng Gong.

Fu Bi sent many envoys to Liao state and paid close attention to the situation of Xixia. He made use of his thorough understanding of the relationship among song, Liao and Xixia to help the Song Dynasty pry open the alliance of Liao and Xia, and gradually stabilize the tripartite structure of song, Liao and Xixia. However, in his later years, he tried to resist the reform and urged Shenzong to "be willing to keep silent for 20 years", which is considered to be a sign of being conservative and losing all his vigor.

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Life of the characters

Stepping into official career

On the 20th of the first month of the first year of Jingde (1004), Emperor Zhenzong of Song Dynasty, Fu Bi was born in Luoyang. At first, his mother, Han, was pregnant. She dreamt that the crane and wild geese were landing in the courtyard. She said that heaven pardoned him and soon gave birth to Fu Bi. When he was young, Fan Zhongyan insisted on studying and was magnanimous. When he saw him, he was very surprised and said, "the assistant talent of the emperor." He showed Wang Zeng and Yan Shu what he had written, and Yan Shu married his daughter to him.

When Emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty restored the imperial examination system, Fan Zhongyan said to Fu Bi, "you should enter the official career through this way." He elected maocai and other officials, and appointed generals as supervisors and judges in Heyang. Fan Zhongyan was demoted because he argued about abolishing the queen. Fu Bi wrote: "it's two losses at one stroke. Even if he can't restore the Queen's position, he should return the position to Fan Zhongyan." Not adopted. Ren Jiangzhou was promoted to zhijixian Academy.

In 1033, Li Yuanhao, king of Xiping, became emperor and established the Xixia regime. Fu Bi Shangshu stated eight things and asked to kill the emissary sent by Li Yuanhao. Later, he was transferred to Kaifeng prefecture to push officials and know admonition.

On the first day of the first month of the first year of Kangding (1040), there was a solar eclipse. Fu Bi asked to cancel the banquet and dance music, and gave the Western Xia envoys wine and food in other restaurants. Zaichen thought it was no good. Fu Bi said, "if Khitan does this, it will be a disgrace to the imperial court." Later, I heard that Khitan withdrew the banquet, and Renzong deeply regretted it. At this time, the minister was forbidden to go beyond his position to write about things. Therefore, Fu Bi talked about the solar eclipse and made a strong statement that it was better to deal with the changes in the sky than to make the situation smooth, so he lifted the ban.

Li Yuanhao invaded Manyan road and captured Jinming village. Lu Shouyue, who was under the jurisdiction of Qian, didn't help him, but Huang Dehe, who was his servant, fled with his soldiers. General Liu Ping died in the war, and Huang Dehe framed him for surrendering to the enemy. Fu Bi asked for a patrol to hear the case, and Huang Dehe was beheaded.

Xia Shoufu was appointed as the capital of Shaanxi Province, and took Wang Shouzhong as the jurisdiction. Fu Bi said: "the appointment of Xia Shoufu has already been ridiculed by people all over the world, and now Wang Shouzhong is appointed, which is probably no different from the supervision of the army in the Tang Dynasty. Can Lu Shouqin, Huang de and failure be repeated? " An imperial edict was issued to remove Wang Shouzhong. He also asked for the prime minister to concurrently head the Privy Council. At this time, two leaders of Xixia came to surrender, and the imperial court only offered them additional posts. Fu Bi said that they should be given rich rewards to persuade people to come to surrender. When it came to Zhongshu, the prime minister didn't know about it at first. Fu Bi sighed: "is this a small matter? But the prime minister didn't know! " He talked about it more vigorously, so he followed Fu Bi's advice. He was appointed a judge of salt and iron, a historian, and an envoy to Liao.

Two alliance Khitan

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< sub > Qingli Zengyuan

In the second year of the Qing Dynasty (1042), Fu Bi took the post of Zhi Zhi Gao and investigated the criminal cases in the capital. Among the officials, there was a forged list of monks, and Kaifeng government did not dare to punish them. Fu Bi told the rulers that he asked the officials to arrest and deliver them to the prison officials. The prime minister LV Yijian was not happy about this.

It happened that the state of Liao stationed troops at the border and sent ministers Xiao Ying and Liu Liufu to ask for land in Guannan. The officials who the imperial court chose to employ and answer all thought that the situation of Liao could not be predicted and they did not dare to move forward. Therefore, Lu Yijian recommended Fu Bi. Ouyang Xiu quoted Yan Zhenqing, the Minister of the Tang Dynasty, as telling Huaining Jiedu envoy Li xilie to send an envoy (< I > Yan Zhenqing was pushed out by the prime minister < / I > < I > Lu Qi < / I > < I > to detain Li xilie, and was finally killed < / I >), so please leave Fu Bi in the capital. Lu Yijian did not report this to Renzong. When Fu Bi entered the court, he kowtowed and said, "the Lord is worried about the disgrace of his subordinates. They dare not cherish their lives. They are greedy for life and afraid of death." Renzong was deeply moved by this, so he first asked Fu Bi to accompany Liao envoys.

When Xiao Ying and others entered the territory of the Song Dynasty, the envoy of the imperial court welcomed the consolation. Xiao Ying claimed that she was ill and did not thank them. Fu Bi said, "when I was on a mission to the north, I was sick and lying in the car. When I heard the order, I got up. What's the reason why you don't thank me for being here today? " Xiao Ying got up in a hurry to thank you. Fu Bi and Xiao Ying open their hearts and talk heartily. Xiao Ying is very moved and happy, and no longer conceals the truth. He secretly tells Fu Bi everything that Liao Xingzong asks for, saying, "if you can obey him, obey him. If you can't, just use one thing to prevaricate him." Fu Bi reported all these to Renzong. Renzong only agreed to increase the age coins, and married the imperial woman to the prince of Liao.

After the first discussion with Liao envoys, Renzong appointed Fu Bi as the Privy officer. Fu Bi said with thanks, "if the country is in trouble, we should not be afraid of trouble. Why should we use the official rank instead?" So he served as an ambassador. After arriving at Khitan, Liu Liufu gave a banquet in another hall. When Fu Bi said hello to Liao Xingzong, Liao Xingzong said, "what do the Southern Dynasties want to do when they violate the covenant, block Yanmen, increase pond water, repair Chenghuang, and make common people soldiers? I told them that it would be better to send envoys to ask for land. If they ask for land but do not get it, it is not too late for them to do so. "

Fu Bi said: "did the Northern Dynasties forget the great kindness and virtue of emperor Zhangsheng (song Zhenzong)? In the battle of Chanyuan, if emperor Zhangsheng followed the advice of the generals, none of the northern army would escape. Moreover, the Northern Dynasty and the central plains were friendly to each other, so they enjoyed their own benefits as masters, but their subordinates had nothing. If a war is to be waged, all the interests will belong to the subjects, and the people will bear the disaster. Therefore, it is only for themselves to advise those who launch a war. "

Liao Xingzong was surprised and said, "what does this mean?" Fu Bi said: "the emperor Gaozu of Jin Dynasty cheated heaven and betrayed the monarch. The last emperor was in chaos. The territory was narrow and the upper and lower parts of the army were rebellious. Therefore, Khitan was able to save the army and defeat them, but the strong men and horses lost more than half of their supplies. Today, China's territory is ten thousand li, its troops are one million, its laws are strict, and its people are of one mind. The Northern Dynasty is planning to launch a war. Can it be sure that it will win? Even if we win, are the army's horses lost in the army the responsibility of the officials or the owners? If the exchange of friendship continues to break down, and all the coins are returned to the owners, what benefits can the officials enjoy? "

Liao Xingzong was fully aware of it and constantly nodded his head to affirm it. Fu Bi added: "the reason for blocking Yanmen is to guard against Zhao Yuanhao. Pond water began in he Chengju, which was before the exchange of friendship. The city gods are all repaired, and the purpose of making the common people soldiers is to make up for the shortage of the army, not to violate the covenant. " Liao Xingzong said: "without you, I don't know the details, but the land required is the site of my ancestors in the past." Fu Bi said: "it's different times for Jin Dynasty to send Lu long to Qidan and Zhou Shizong to conquer Guannan. If they ask for land separately, is it beneficial to the Northern Dynasty?"

After coming out of the Liao Xingzong, Liu Liufu said, "our monarch feels that it is a shame to accept gold and silk, and insists on ten counties. What should we do?" Fu Bi said: "the emperor of our Dynasty said that if I hold fast to the territory for my ancestors, how can I give the land to others at will. What the Northern Dynasty demanded was only rent and tax. I couldn't bear to kill more heartless ministers of the two dynasties, so I wronged myself to add new year's coins instead. If it is necessary to claim land, it is necessary to break the covenant. This is just a pretext. The alliance of heaven and earth, ghosts and gods see it in person. Now, it's not our fault that the pioneers of the Northern Dynasty started the trouble. Can ghosts and gods deceive us? " The next day, Liao Xingzong called Fu Bi to hunt together. He brought Fu Bi's horse close to him and said that if he got the land, he would be happy and friendly for a long time.

Fu Bi repeatedly stated that he could not do this, and said: "since the Northern Dynasties regard land acquisition as glory, the Southern Dynasties will certainly regard land loss as shame. How can a nation of brothers honor and disgrace each other? " After the hunting, Liu Liufu said, "our monarch is very moved and aware of your words of honor and disgrace. Now it's only through marriage that we can negotiate. "

"Marriage is prone to resentment and estrangement," Fu Bi said. When the eldest princess of our Dynasty gets married, she will give no more than 100000 yuan as a dowry. How can she get as much benefit as the old coin? " Liao Xingzong told Fu Bi to let him go back and said, "when you come back, you should go back

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