Meng Gong

Meng Gong

Meng Gong (October 13, 1195-1246) was named Pu Yu and Wu An Ju Shi. Suizhou Zaoyang (now Hubei Zaoyang) people, origin Jiangzhou (now Shanxi Xinjiang). In the middle and late Southern Song Dynasty, Meng Zongzheng, a military strategist and national hero, was the fourth son of zuowuwei general.

Meng Gong was born in a general family, and his great grandfather Meng an and grandfather Meng Lin were both the Ministry of Yue Fei. In his early years, he followed his father to fight against Jin in Zaoyang. After the death of Meng Zongzheng, he took over the Zhongshun army and was under the jurisdiction of Ma Qian. In the sixth year of shaoding (1233), Wu Xiansuo was defeated. In the first year of Duanping (1234), he took part in the battle of caizhou and united with Mongolia to destroy the kingdom of Jin. After the outbreak of the Song Mongolian war, he led the two battlefields of Sichuan, Sichuan and Jinghu in the Southern Song Dynasty, and controlled one-third of the World War II in the Southern Song Dynasty. The officials and privy officers were appointed by the imperial edict and the pacifier on the North Road of Xihu in Beijing. The Xuanfu envoys in Sichuan, who also knew Kuizhou, were granted the title of the founder of the East County of Han Dynasty. In his later years, he became an official in the Ningwu army. In 1246, Meng Gong died of illness at the age of 52. After the special gift Taishi, Duke of Ji, posthumous title "Zhongxiang.".

Although Meng Gong was a military general, he paid attention to culture and education and built gong'an academy and Nanyang Academy during the war. He also studied the book of changes and was quite familiar with Buddhism. His works, such as Jingxin Yizan and Wuan French, have been lost. Quansong poetry and quansong prose have their own poems.

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Life of the characters

a capable young man from a distinguished family

After the extinction of the Northern Song Dynasty, Meng Gong's ancestors defected from Jiangzhou to the "Yuejia army" of Yue Fei, a famous anti Jin general in the Southern Song Dynasty. Since then, they have settled in Suizhou and Zaoyang (now Hubei). Meng Gong was born in a family of generals. His great grandfather, Meng an, was a member of Yuefei's department and had made military contributions. His grandfather, Meng Lin, was also a member of Yuefei's department. His father, Meng Zongzheng, came to the fore in the northern expedition of Kaixi, and was granted the jurisdiction of Ma Qian, a military officer from the west of Beijing, to guard Xiangyang. Meng Gong, the fourth son of Meng Zongzheng, was born to Ma Shi. From his youth, Meng Gong, Meng Jing, Meng Zhang and Meng Ying were led by Meng Zongzheng in the army. With the training of his military career, he not only developed good martial arts, but also developed a keen observation of the battlefield situation. during the reign of ningzong of Song Dynasty, the rising great Mongolia invaded the Jin Dynasty to the south, and the Jin army retreated gradually, so Xuanzong of Jin Dynasty was forced to move his capital to Bianjing (now Kaifeng of Henan Province). The Southern Song Dynasty, which originally paid tribute to the nephew of the Jin Dynasty, refused to send coins to the state of Jin for various reasons. However, Jin Xuanzong was very resentful of the move of stopping the loss of Sui coins in the Southern Song Dynasty. Under the encouragement of the powerful minister Shu Hu Gao Qi, he resolutely launched the war of invading the Song Dynasty, regardless of the danger of the two lines of war, in an attempt to make up for the losses caused by the Mongols in the Southern Song Dynasty. Meng Gong and his son became the main generals in the Jinghu battlefield of the Southern Song Dynasty in this seven-year war. In the 10th year of Jiading (1217), the Jin army invaded Xiangyang on a large scale, stationed in Tuanshan, and ordered Meng Zongzheng to lead the army to resist. Meng Gong believed that the Jin people would commit the crime of Fancheng, and offered advice to his father to cross Jihe from Luojia. Meng Zongzheng agreed. When the song army was about to set up the battle, the Jin people really arrived, and the song army took advantage of the half of the ferry to attack, half of the Jin army was annihilated. Meng Zongzheng was ordered to rescue Zaoyang and lost his father and son in the battle. Meng Gong saw his father wearing a white robe and riding a white horse in the enemy's line, and cried out, "that's my father." He immediately led his cavalry into the enemy line and rescued his father. After the war, he was awarded the post of vice captain Jin Yong for his meritorious service. In 1219, Wanyan eke, a general of the Jin Dynasty, led an army of 200000 soldiers to attack Zaoyang in two ways and gathered in the city. Meng Gong ascended the tower of the city, drew a bow and injected. Several people were killed immediately. All the soldiers were surprised. Later, Meng Zongzheng ordered Meng Gong to take other roads to attack the Jin army, break through the 18 villages, behead more than 1000 levels, seize a large number of weapons, and the Jin army retreated. Meng Gong was promoted to work with this skill. In 1221, Meng Gong met Zhao Fang. Zhao Fang heard that he was the son of Meng Zongzheng. Seeing this, he attached great importance to him. He appointed Meng Gong as Guanghua County captain and transferred him to Jinwu school captain. In the 16th year of Jiading (1223), Meng Gong was awarded chengxinlang for his meritorious service. In the same year, Meng Zongzheng died in the reign of Zaoyang army under the control of jingerdu. Meng Gong mourned for his father as a rule, but Jing Hu Zhi Si wanted to resume his post, which was rejected by Meng Gong. After the burial of Meng Zongzheng, Meng Gong was urged to take office. He resigned again and was transferred to Cheng Zhonglang. In 1224, Emperor LiZong of the Song Dynasty ascended the throne and granted Meng Gong the title of zhongyilang. Shortly after that, he was sent to serve as the prison of xiazhou soldiers and horses and to inspect the city. On the other hand, the Jinghu administrative department sent Meng Gong to be the fifth deputy general in the west of Beijing to control the Shenjin army. At the beginning, when Meng Zongzheng was alive, he recruited more than 20000 strong men from Tang, Deng and Cai states in the kingdom of Jin, and organized them as "Zhongshun army". After his death, he was under the control of Jianghai. Because of the complexity of the military composition and the uneasiness of the military situation, the Jinghu system division ordered Meng Gong to take over from Jiang Haiquan. After Meng Gong was appointed, he divided the Zhongshun army into three parts, and the military situation soon calmed down. In the first year of shaoding (1228), Meng Gong built Pinglu weir in the west of Zaoyang City "to the eighteen li of the west of the army." from the badie River to the gradually flowing side, the water crossed Jiufu, and the Tiancao was built. It could irrigate 100000 hectares of land, and established three jurisdiction of Shizhuang. The Zhongshun army and the civilian households were divided. In that year, they harvested 150000 stones of grain. At the same time, they ordered each family of the Zhongshun army to raise horses, and the government provided fodder and grain, so the grain was raised Fengmazeng. In the second year of shaoding (1229), Meng Gong was promoted to the fifth general in the west of Beijing, and was under the jurisdiction of Zaoyang army. The next year, he was sent to the military and horse capital of western Beijing. Later, he left for mourning because of his mother's death. In 1231, he was restored to the command of Ma Qian and Zaoyang troops in western Beijing, and still ruled the three Zhongshun armies.

Against Wuxian

When the Southern Song Dynasty recovered the trauma after the Song Jin war, great changes took place in the international situation in the North: after the Sanfeng mountain war in 1232, most of the main force of the Jin army was defeated by the Mongolian army, and the famous general Wanyan Yi and others were killed. In the Jin Dynasty, after escaping, gongwuxian of Hengshan ran to Nanyang (now Henan Province) to collect the rout troops. In a few months, he got more than 100000 soldiers, and his momentum was very strong. In 1233, the capital of Bianjing was transferred to Defu (now Shangqiu, Henan Province) and caizhou (now Runan, Henan Province). In order to stick to it, he ordered king wuxianqin. Wuxian, on the other hand, wanted to capture Sichuan in the Southern Song Dynasty as a foothold because caizhou was difficult to defend; if he could not capture it, he would seize the grain and pay of the song army on the way to March. In 1233, Wu Tianxi, a member of the Wuxian sect, attacked the Guanghua army in an attempt to open the way to Sichuan. He was known as gathering more than 200000 people. Meng Gong led his troops to attack and approached the enemy base. Zhang Ziliang, a strong man, killed Wu Tianxi and won his first rank. Meng Gong succeeded in the first battle. He decapitated 5000 people and captured more than 400 people and 120000 households. He was given the command of the vice capital of Jiangling Prefecture and the gold belt. Shi Songzhi asked Meng Gong about his plan for the establishment of Jinghu. Meng Gong had a good idea for a long time. He told Shi Songzhi that Wuxian would march into Lvyan (now the northeast of Xiangyang). We only need 8000 people to retreat. Sure enough, after Liu Quan and Lei quwei defeated the Jin army in xiajiaqiao, Wuxian turned to Lvyan. Meng Gong was overjoyed when he learned that Wu Xian was intrigued. When Wuxian marched to Lvyan, he was besieged on three sides by the song army of Mucha, Tengyun and Lvyan sanzhai. At this time, Meng Gong's troops quickly withdrew to the south to meet the garrison. At this time, Wuxian found that the terrain was not good. He was blocked by big rivers and blocked by dangerous mountains, so he had to withdraw. As a result, he was beheaded at 5000 levels and captured more than 30000 people. Meng Gong then approached Dengzhou northward. Yila yuan, the general of Dengzhou, was afraid of repeating Wu Tianxi's mistake and was asked to surrender. After Meng Gong entered the city, he showed the demeanor of a great general. Elayuan bowed down the steps and asked him to die, but Meng Gong changed his clothes and treated him as a guest. In July, Liu Yi, an AI general under Wu Xian, asked to surrender and provided Meng Gong with information about Wu Xian's garrison. In view of the fact that Jiuzhai of Wuxian garrisoned in Madeng mountain, he suggested to advance step by step, first seize lijinzhai, and then isolate the other two. Meng Gong took the advice. The next day, the dispatch department attacked lijinzhai. The song army disguised as the Jin army and entered the enemy camp, then set fire everywhere to create chaos, and soon occupied lijinzhai. That night, the song army raided wangzishanzhai again and killed the "little marshal" who guarded the Zhai. When Meng Gong heard the news, he led the army to attack Madeng mountain. He ordered the Ministry to attack head on, but deliberately left a road in the West and set up an ambush. The history said that this battle "the fire candle sky, kills the mountain plot". The Jin army retreated to the west, was ambushed again, suffered heavy losses, and finally more than 12000 people surrendered. After that, Meng Gong's troops attacked Shawo and other villages which had been isolated. Three victories a day, the Ministry will break through meholizhai again. At this point, there are two remaining jiuzhais in Madeng mountain. Liu Yi was ordered by Meng Gong to surrender the remaining two garrisons of banqiaozhai. Wu Xian believes that Hushan mountain is a precipitous place, so it should have a chance of survival. So he took his men and horses and began to climb the mountain. Meng Gong had long expected that Wuxian would move his troops to Hushan and ordered them to ambush at the foot of the mountain. In the middle of the climb, the army of Wuxian suddenly ambushed around. The army of Jin retreated and left its baggage on the hillside. General Wu share was killed and 730 people were captured. After the war, Wuxian not only refused to surrender, but also planned to retreat to Shangzhou to continue to resist. Meng Gong also commanded the song army to launch a general attack on shixuezhai one morning. Because of the rain, the mountain has not cleared up, will be very worried. Meng Gong laughed and said, "isn't this a good time for Li Guang to capture Wu Yuanji on a snowy night?" After several hours of fierce fighting, the song army defeated the enemy. Wuxian had no choice but to change into soldiers' clothes and escape with five or six people. The remaining 70000 Jin troops surrendered one after another. Wuxian himself was captured and killed by the Mongolian garrison in the process of fleeing, and the Jin Dynasty's plan to open the channel to Sichuan was completely bankrupt

Chinese PinYin : Meng Gong