Xia Chengtao

Xia Chengtao

Xia Chengtao (1900-1986) was named Qu Chan. In his later years, he changed his name to Qu ran, nicknamed Xie Lin and Meng Xusheng. His rooms were named yuelunlou, tianfengge, yulintang and Chaoyang Lou. Wenzhou people, Zhejiang Province, devoted all their lives to the study and teaching of Ci, are the pioneers and founders of modern CI. His series of classic works are undoubtedly the milestone in the history of Ci poetry and the outstanding cultural and academic achievements in the 20th century. Hu Qiaomu once praised Mr. Xia Chengtao many times as "a great master of Ci" and "a great master of Ci".

Summary of characters

At the age of 14, he was admitted to Wenzhou Normal School with excellent results. There are many subjects in the school, but he concentrates on the study of ancient classics. When he was in school, he tried to write poems and fill in Ci poems. The sentence "parrot, parrot, do you know the words in the dream" in his book "Ru Meng Ling" won the praise of Chinese teachers. He added a dense circle of Zhu beside the sentence, which gave Mr. Xia a great incentive. After graduation, he began a teaching career of 60 years. During this period, he took an active part in the activities of the poetry society in his hometown, exchanged poems with his colleagues, discussed Yin and Yang, and laid the foundation for his lifelong study of CI. Since 1930, Mr. Xia has been a professor of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Normal University and Hangzhou University, and a special researcher of the Institute of literature of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (later under the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences). For nearly half a century, Mr. Xia has been in charge of the lecture of southeast ci poetry, communicating with the poets and scholars at home and abroad, managing ci poetry and teaching. He has made many achievements and has become a famous master of Ci poetry at home and abroad.

Life of the characters

He was born on February 10, 1900 and died on May 11, 1986. He graduated from Wenzhou Normal School in 1918. In 1930, he was transferred from No.9 Middle School of Zhejiang Province to Zhijiang University. He was a professor of Zhejiang University. After liberation, he served as a researcher in the Institute of literature of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, director and researcher of the language and Literature Research Office of Zhejiang branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, editorial board member of literature research, editor in chief of CI studies, and consultant of the Tang Dynasty literature society. On May 11, 1986, Xia Chengtao died of illness in Beijing. He was a member of the Standing Committee of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference and a director of the Chinese writers' Association. As an outstanding CI scholar, Xia Chengtao is not only the summarizer of traditional Ci, but also the founder of modern CI.

After 20 years old, he went to Ji Jin in the north and Chang'an in the West. His vision expanded and his experience deepened. Around the age of 30, he put his main energy on the writing of CI monographs such as chronicle of CI poets in Tang and Song Dynasties, anthology of Ci Poetry in Tang and Song Dynasties and biannian Jianxiao of Jiang Baishi's Ci poetry, but he did not give up chanting. After 30 years old, he specialized in CI, which played an important role in the development of Ci in China. On the one hand, he inherited the merits of CI studies of the past dynasties, on the other hand, he made many innovations in traditional CI studies. He studied CI style, CI music, CI rhythm and ci history with a truthful and realistic attitude, greatly expanded the field of CI studies, and made outstanding contributions to the scientific, systematic and theoretical track of CI studies. Around the age of 50, he studied Ci and wrote many creative works.

Among the works of nearly ten million words, there are nearly 30 published Monographs on CI, more than 100 unselected papers, and a variety of works to be sorted out and published. Among them, the chronicle of CI poets in Tang and Song Dynasties, the anthology of Ci Poetry in Tang and Song Dynasties, and the chronological notes of Jiang Baishi's Ci poetry are all rare masterpieces. He also created a large number of poems, represented by Xia Chengtao's Ci anthology, tianfengge's poetry anthology and tianfengge's Ci learning diary. Mr. Xia Chengtao's academic achievements have also been highly praised in the world. After 1981, he served as honorary president of Chinese verse society and editor in chief of CI.

A brief collection of the past

Mr. Xia Chengtao taught in No. 9 middle school from 1927 to 1930. He started his career here, created a new style of Ci study, made the traditional Ci study more scientific and systematic, and became a "generation of CI school" recognized at home and abroad.

In the second half of 1927, Xia Chengtao found a wealth of books in the library as soon as he arrived at the ninth middle school. He was overjoyed and plunged into the sea of books. He wrote down his joy in his diary: "in the library of teachers' College, I have collected 20 or 30 old books, such as Han Fen Lou's photocopying of 24 histories, Zhejiang Bureau's" three links "and Xiao Yuan's series. If I get this book in Yanzhou, it's like a treasure. I read Sui Shu, Song Shi and San Tong at night, and wrote textual research on Baishi CI. I was very proud of several things. It's eleven o'clock. " In his old age, he recalled the past and still remembered the new: "after class every day, he went into the library to read. There, I read a lot of novels about the deeds of Ci writers in Tang and Song dynasties. I often find treasures by picking gold from the sand. "

Xia Chengtao did not go to university, but later he went to the University platform and became a famous educator, scholar and poet. His learning depends entirely on self-study. When he summed up his reading experience in his later years, he said: "being stupid is my academic capital." In his opinion, there is no shortcut to reading, and you can't take advantage of it. Only by working hard can you achieve success. He said that the word "stupid" is very interesting. He has a bamboo book on his head (the book is a string of bamboo slips, an ancient book), which is to teach people to work hard. Hard work is the root of human beings, so the word "stupid" is from "bamboo" to "Ben". My talent is very low, and because of this, I have to study hard. Since I went to school at the age of seven or eight, in the past decades, I have never left books except for serious illness. The most important thing is to read more. "If you read a thousand times, you will see what you mean."

After discovering the "treasure house" of the library, he roamed in the sea of books. Teaching in the daytime, studying hard in the evenings and holidays, and reading extensively, are not as diligent as ordinary people. In the diary, there is often such a record: "Wu Wu all day long, eyes for you." "When I was lying at my desk, I had to work hard and talk hard." wait. If you have any creative ideas and experience, you forget the hard work of studying hard: "I'm very happy to go out of the house. The plain moon flows into the sky, and the leaves of the court are silent "Sunny day full of windows, random book sitting, Xiaoran complacent." According to the surviving diary statistics from the second half of 1928 to the end of 1929, in this year and a half, he read and recorded 368 kinds of books at all times, at home and abroad, and created more than 100 poems.

Later published in the Peking University Yanjing Journal of the famous work "Baishi songs beside the spectrum" and laid his leading position in Ci Poetry "Tang and Song Ci man Chronicle", were written in the nine years of teaching time. On May 11, 1986, he died of illness in Beijing.

The teacher of peach and plum

He graduated from Wenzhou Normal School in 1918. Before liberation, he successively served as a professor of Hangzhou Zhijiang University of Arts and science and Zhejiang University. After liberation, he served as a researcher in the Institute of literature of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (lssdjtcom), director and researcher of the language and Literature Research Office of Zhejiang branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He was a member of the Standing Committee of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference and a director of the Chinese writers' Association.

Mr. Xia Chengtao, who is known as the master of Ci, has been good at rewarding talents and fostering the underachievers for more than 60 years. Taoli gate wall, jijiduoshi. However, he was "not a teacher but a pioneer" and never regarded himself as a teacher. Some of them developed independently in the academic field. Mr. Xia is a mentor who is dedicated to cultivating talents for the motherland. Foreign scholars who study Chinese classical poetry come to him for advice from a long distance. Now his students are all over the world.

A school of Ci

Ci is a professional knowledge separated from poetics, which rose in Song Dynasty and prevailed in Qing Dynasty. The study of Ci in the past was long in the study of the external forms of Ci and the collation of CI anthology, but neglected the systematic study of the history and theory of CI. Therefore, although the works of Ci in the past dynasties were numerous and rich, their research approaches were narrow and difficult to understand. After entering the 20th century, the study of CI gradually stepped into a scientific, systematic and modern track, and achieved multi-faceted results. Xia Chengtao is an outstanding representative of modern CI. He inherited the Renaissance of Ci Poetry in the late Qing Dynasty, drew lessons from scientific research methods and modern ideas, combined with his profound traditional learning and solid textual research efforts, persevered and painstakingly explored. With his whole life, he made breakthroughs in the chronology, theory, history, music, rhythm, rhyme and collation of Ci poetry, and built a strict Ci Poetry system that surpassed the predecessors, It expands the territory of CI studies and improves the overall level of CI studies.

Main achievements

Xia Chengtao's greatest achievement in his study of Ci poetry lies in his creation of the genealogy of CI poets. Before the 20th century, CI scholars did not pay attention to the life of CI poets. Most of the biographies about CI poets in historical books and CI anthologies were brief and unknown. All kinds of miscellaneous books and notes often spread strange words, contradict each other, or spread errors with errors without investigation. As a result, many CI poets' life experiences were at a loss, and many works were obscure and difficult to examine. In modern times, Wang Guowei wrote the chronology of Mr. halal, which is the first way to guide the poets. However, it started with Mr. Xia who systematically initiated the study of CI genealogy and laid the scientific foundation of modern CI. As early as around 30 years old, Mr. Xia devoted himself to the study of Ci writers. He searched far and wide, carefully researched and discriminated, corrected fallacies and made up of 12 kinds of Chronicles of Ci writers in Tang and Song dynasties. Therefore, the life stories of Ci writers in Tang and Song dynasties are clear and reliable, and some difficult works have been properly interpreted. After the publication of the ten chronicles, it has caused great repercussions in the academic circles. Mr. Zhao Baixin praised "ten kinds of parallel, can replace a history of Ci"; Mr. Tang Guizhang praised it as "unprecedented work"; Japanese scholar Professor qingshuimao wrote an article that "today's study of CI must be one of the important reference books."

In addition to the chronology of the poets, Mr. Xia

Chinese PinYin : Xia Cheng Tao