Guozi Jiansheng

Guozi Jiansheng

Guozijian is a national key cultural relic protection unit, with the name of the official office and the name of the highest academic institution and official office in ancient China. In 278, the fourth year of jianshengning, Emperor Xianwu of the Western Jin Dynasty, Guozi school was established, with Guozi Jijiu and a doctor in charge of teaching students.

Guozijiansheng - Introduction to Guozijian

Guozijian is a national key cultural relic protection unit, with the name of the official office and the name of the highest academic institution and official office in ancient China. In 278, Emperor Wu of the Western Jin Dynasty, the Guozi school was established. There were one Guozi Jijiu and one doctor to teach students. In the Northern Qi Dynasty, it was renamed Guozi temple. In the reign of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, the temple was changed into a school. Soon after, the Imperial Academy was abolished, and only one Imperial Academy was set up to offer sacrifices to wine and doctors. When Emperor Yang ascended the throne, he was changed to the Imperial Academy and restored to drinking. In the Tang Dynasty, there were six schools under the Imperial College, including Guozi, Taixue, Simen, lvsuan and Shu. Each school had a doctor, a member of Jijiu, who was in charge of the administration of learning and lectured for the crown prince. In the first year of the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty (661), the eastern capital was also placed in prison. It was once renamed sichengguan or chengjunjian. Song Dynasty belongs to the Ministry of rites. At the beginning of Song Dynasty, the system of Five Dynasties and later Zhou Dynasty was inherited, and Guozijian was set up to recruit more than seven grade officials' children as students. In the second year of Duangong (989), Guozijian was changed into Guozixue, and in the fifth year of Chunhua (994), it was still a prison. Before the founding of Taixue in 1044, Guozijian was the highest institution in Song Dynasty. However, the children of senior and middle-level officials who study in prison are only nominal. The number of them is small, and there are very few people who attend classes on weekdays. Since the establishment of Taixue and other kinds of schools, Guozijian has become the general organization in charge of schools in the whole country. All the Taixue, Guozixue, Wuxue, Luxue, primary school, Zhouxian school, etc., which teach students, recommend students to apply for the exam, build school buildings, draw three rituals, draw sages and sages, build a library, and inspect the emperor's school, are under its charge. Before Yuanfeng's reform of the official system (see Yuanfeng's reform), the officials of Guozijian were appointed supervisors, zhishuo, Cheng, Zhubo, etc. Since the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), there have been three cases in the prison, namely, the case of kitchen storehouse in charge of Imperial College's money and food, the issue of books and records, the case of study case in charge of literature, the public and private examination of military students, the supplementary examination, the Shangshe examination, and the fajie examination To know the miscellaneous cases and supervise the miscellaneous affairs. There were many officials in each case, such as Xu Chang, Xu Zuo and tie Shu. Guozijian also set up a library to engrave classics and history books for the imperial court to obtain, grant and sell. In the Southern Song Dynasty, there was a special "printing office" in prison. The books printed by Guozijian are called "jianben", which are generally exquisitely printed, ranking first in the country. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the accompanying capitals of Xijing, Nanjing and Beijing also successively set up Guozijian (Imperial Academy of Sciences) and branch commanders, who were filled by the imperial court, servants and other officials. Their duties were quite simple, and they only paid for money and food, which actually became a resting place for literati and bureaucrats. In the fourth year of Chongning (1105), the Imperial Academy officials in the three capitals were dismissed, and each of them set up a division. The emperor Taizu of Liao Dynasty set up the Imperial Academy of Shangjing in the south, and set up sacrificial wine, Si ye, Cheng, Zhu Bo and Guozi school. In Beijing, there was another chieftain of Jianguo, with the same officials as Shangjing. The Imperial Academy of Jin Dynasty had two or three supervisors, one of whom was in charge of the Imperial Academy and the Imperial Academy. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, Guozijian was set up, which belonged to Jixian academy, under which Guozixue was under the jurisdiction, including offering sacrifices to the emperor, taking charge of the teaching orders of Guozixue, and Jiancheng, who was in charge of supervisory affairs. In addition, the Mongolian academy and the Hui Academy were established to distinguish them from the Han and the Nan people. At the beginning of Ming Dynasty, Guozixue was set up in Zhongdu, and later it was changed into Guozijian, which was in charge of the discipline of Guoxue students. In the first year of Yongle (1403), Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty set up Guozijian in Beijing, each with a member of Jijiu, Siye, Jiancheng and Dianbo. In Qing Dynasty, Guozijian was in charge of all kinds of official schools (except zongxue, Jueluo Xue, etc.) in the whole country, with one minister in charge of management, one man and one Han for offering sacrifices to wine, and one man, one Mongolian and one Han for administration. In addition, there are Jiancheng, doctor, Dianbo, classics and other academic officials. Guangxu 33 years (1907), and under the Ministry. "Guozijian" began in the Sui Dynasty as an educational institution. In the Qing Dynasty, it became an examination institution which only took examinations and did not care about education. In the late Qing Dynasty, it became an official selling institution. Guozijian students are equal to scholars. They can be divided into two types: Wensheng and wusheng. If a certain amount of money is paid to the imperial court according to the Convention, it can be called "case supervisor". They are entitled to see the county magistrate, but they have no real power. (excerpt from Huang Xianyu's history of Chinese feudal society, December 1952) the Imperial Academy generally has one person to offer sacrifices to the emperor, and two people to serve the emperor. He was in charge of the discipline of Confucianism, including the general prince, Taixue, Guangwen, Simen, LV, Shu and Suan fan. Chen, a member of the board of supervisors, was appointed from the sixth grade. Every year, seven students succeed in their studies. They come to the ceremony together with the Secretary for Industry and sacrificial wine. Those who are in the first place go to the Ministry of rites. there is only one person in charge of the book, from seven grades down. Palmprint, sentence Supervisor

Guozi studies

Five doctors, five products. Those who are in charge of three or more grades of education, the son and grandson of the Duke of the state, and the great grandson of two or more grades of education are living. five teaching assistants, from six grades. Dr. Zhang Zuo is a professor of economics. there were four direct speakers, including Dr. Zhang Zuo and teaching assistants. there are two doctors of the five classics, each of whom is on the fifth grade. He taught the son of the state with his classics. Zhouyi, Shangshu, Maoshi, Zuoshi Chunqiu and Liji are five classics. Analects of Confucius, Xiaojing and Erya do not set up academic officials, but attach secondary school classics. There are six Taixue doctors and six teaching assistants. Those who are in charge of teaching five grades and above, and those who are the sons and grandchildren of prefectures and counties, and those who are the great grandchildren of three grades, have five percent of their classics as their careers, and each one has 100 Classics. There are 70 students, 4 students of classics, 6 students of ZhangGu and 15 students of Dongdu. There are four doctors and two teaching assistants in Guangwen library. He is the leader of the national student industry. There are sixty students and ten in Dongdu. For nine years, Tianbao set up a Guangwen library, where there were assistant teachers of zhijinshi. Later, he stopped to know the name of Jinshi. There are six doctors, six teaching assistants, and four straight speakers. Those who are in charge of teaching seven grades or above, Hou Bozi's men for a living, and the sons of the common people for handsome scholars. There were three hundred students, four classics students, six ZhangGu students and fifty Dongdu students. △ temperament < br > three doctors, from eight grades; one assistant, from nine grades. Zhang taught eight grades below and common people's children to live. The laws and decrees are Zhuan ye, and they also study the format laws. In Sui Dynasty, eight doctors came from Dali temple. At the beginning of Wude period, he was attached to the Imperial Academy and abolished in Xunzi; in the sixth year of Zhenguan period, he was restored and abolished again in the third year of Xianqing period. He was attached to Dali temple under the rank of doctor; in the second year of longshuo period, he was restored. There are twenty students and two students. At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, there were five students in Dongdu. There are two doctors of calligraphy and one assistant. Zhang taught eight grades below and common people's children to live. The book of stone, Shuowen and Zilin are Zhuan ye, who also studied the remaining books. At the beginning of wudechu, the study of calligraphy was abolished. In the second year of Zhenguan, it was restored. In the third year of Xianqing, it was abolished again. It was subordinate to the Secretary Province under a doctor's degree. In the second year of longshuo, it was restored. There are ten students, two Dianxue students and three Dongdu students. △ there are two doctors of mathematics, and one assistant. To teach the children below eight grades to live

Chinese PinYin : Guo Zi Jian Sheng