Wu Junqing

Wu Changshuo

Wu Changshuo (August 1, 1844 - November 29, 1927) was named Jun at the beginning of his life, also known as Junqing. His name was Changshuo, and he was also named Cangshi and Cangshi. The common names were cangshuo, laocang, laofou, kutie, Daliang, daoren and Shizun. Zhangwu village, Xiaofeng County, Zhejiang Province. During the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, the famous Chinese painter, calligrapher, seal cutter, the representative of "Houhai school", the first president of Hangzhou Xiling Seal printing society, together with Li Liangyu and Zhao Zhiqian, they were called "new Zhejiang School", and together with Ren Bonian, Pu Hua and Xugu, they were called "four masters of Shanghai school in the late Qing Dynasty".

He integrates "poetry, calligraphy, painting and seal" as a whole, and integrates gold, stone, calligraphy and painting as a furnace. He is known as "the first person of stone drum seal script" and "the last peak of literati painting". He is a banner figure in painting, calligraphy and seal cutting, and has high attainments in poetry, inscriptions and other aspects. As Li Zhimin, Professor of Peking University and founder of introducing steles into grass, said, "compared with other artists of the same era, Wu Changshuo is a more comprehensive master who connects the past with the future." Wu Changshuo enthusiastically promoted the backward, and Qi Baishi, Wang Yiting, Pan Tianshou, Chen banding, Zhao Yunhe, Wang Gezhen, and Sha Menghai were all instructed by him. On November 291927, Wu Changshuo died in his residence in Shanghai.

Wu Changshuo's works include Wu Changshuo's paintings, Wu Changshuo's works, bitter iron and broken gold, fou Lu's ink, Wu Cangshi's seal and fou Lu's Yincun, and his poems include fou Lu's collection.

Life of the characters

Learn less about painting and calligraphy

On August 1, 1844, he was born in Zhangwu village, Xiaofeng County, Zhejiang Province (now Anji County, Huzhou City). He studied with his father when he was young, and later he studied in a private school in a neighboring village. When he was more than 10 years old, he liked to carve seals. His father instructed him and entered the gate for the first time.

In 1860, the Taiping Army and the Qing army fought in the west of Zhejiang Province. The whole family fled in the wild mountains and valleys, and their younger brothers and sisters died of famine. Later, he separated from his family and worked as a part-time laborer. He was exiled in Hubei, Anhui and other places for several years.

Tongzhi four years (1865), Chinese scholar. In the same year, Ren Xun, a famous maritime forerunner, cooperated with Zhou Xian to paint a portrait of Wu Changshuo.

In 1869, he went to Hangzhou to study Gujing jingshe, where he learned from Yu Yuexi, a famous Confucianist. Compiled into "Park nest Yin Cun".

Make friends

In 1872, he went to Shanghai and got to know Gao Yongzhi.

In the sixth year of Guangxu (1880), Wu Yun (Pingzhai) lived in liangyixuan. He consulted zhuanyunlou Yincun and Wu Yun cut it and renamed it as jiegulu Yincun. Know Wu qiunong, Jin Xinlan, Gu chacun, Hu Sanqiao, Fang Zixin, etc. Make friends with Yang Xian (see mountain).

In 1882, he lived in Suzhou. My friend recommended me as a petty official to make a living. Make friends with Shen Shiyou in Yushan.

In 1883, he met Ren Bonian in Shanghai. Ren Bonian wrote a portrait of a turnip Pavilion.

Guangxu 13 years (1887), to Shanghai, Ren Bonian for "palm shade cool map.".

Guangxu 15 years (1889), in Suzhou. Shi Bonian visited and wrote a poem for him. Shi Xuchen and Tan Futang wrote a preface to fou Lu Shi.

In 1890, he lived in Shanghai. Know Wu Dacheng.

In the 18th year of Guangxu (1892), Ren Bonian wrote the painting of banana shade and cool.

In 1893, three volumes of poems written before Renchen year were edited and published in Shanghai, with the title of "fou Lu poems".

Guangxu 20 (1894) presented his poems and seals to Weng Tonghe in Beijing. When the Sino Japanese war broke out, he joined Wu Dacheng's army and went north to resist Japan.

Guangxu 21 years (1895), Ren Bonian for the "brown shade reminiscent of the old map", "Shanhaiguan military map.". In November, Ren Bonian died of illness in Shanghai. He wrote poems and wrote couplets.

In November of the 25th year of Guangxu (1899), he was recommended by Ding Baoyuan to be the magistrate of Anton County, and resigned in January.

Devoted to painting and calligraphy

In the 26th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu (1900), Kojiro Kawai of Japan threw it under the door.

Guangxu 29 years (1903), custom Runge. The poems written by Ren Yin before were selected as the fourth volume of fou Lu poems, together with the first three volumes, and another volume of Bie Cun.

Guangxu 30 years (1904), moved to Guihe Fang 19, named its Zhai, said "pisi Tang.". Zhao Ziyun (Zhao Yunhe) dropped the door.

In thirty-five years (1909), Guangxu joined Shanghai Shanghai Yu Garden calligraphy and Painting Association.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), he went to Hangzhou to have a banquet with friends of Xiling. Start with words.

In 1913, the Xiling Seal Engravers association was founded and served as its president. In autumn, Mei Lanfang will come. He became a close friend with Wang Yiting. Wang Yiting promoted Wu Changshuo's art of calligraphy, painting, gold and stone in the business and financial circles of Shanghai, which made him famous.

In 1914, Wang Yiting held his first solo exhibition for Wu Changshuo in LiuSan garden, which made Wu art known and respected by Japanese art circles. Shanghai Painting and calligraphy association was established as president.

In the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915), Mr. Tui was the honorary president of the calligraphy and Painting Association of Tijin Library in Shanghai.

In 1917, Wu Changshuo passed away in Shanghai as his wife.

In 1920, his paintings and calligraphy were exhibited for the first time in Nagasaki, Japan. Zhulesan was listed as a disciple.

In 1921, he went to Hangzhou Lingyin Society for a banquet. "Han San Lao Bei" was purchased by Japanese businessmen, and they went to appeal with Xiling colleagues. They made a charity sale of paintings, and finally raised 8000 yuan to redeem the tablet. Japanese ASAKURA Wenfu is a bronze statue of fan.

In 1923, Pan Tianshou was introduced by Zhu Wenyun and wrote a couplet as a gift. His disciple Chen Shizeng died.

In 1925, Sha Menghai was cited as a disciple by Wang Xian. This paper is the introduction and title of Zhou Xian's work flowers scroll.

Died in Shanghai

On November 29, 1927, he died in his residence in Shanghai.

In November 1933, it was moved to songmeiting, the west side of Chaoshan Baoci temple near Tangqi, Yuhang County, Zhejiang Province.

Character achievement

seal cutting

When he was young, because of his father's influence, he liked to write books and engrave. Kaishu began to learn from Yan Lugong, followed by Zhong Yuanchang; Lishu learned from Han stone carving; Zhuan learned from Shiguwen. At first, the method of writing was influenced by Deng Shiru and Zhao Zhiqian, and later, it was adapted in writing shigu. The style of running script was influenced by the style of northern stele and the style of Zhuan.

Wu Changshuo's seal cutting started with the "Zhejiang School" and later specialized in Han seal. He was also influenced by Deng Shiru, Wu rangzhi, Zhao Zhiqian and others. He was good at leaving blank space, or slanting diagonally. With the integration of Dao and pen, seal cutting is bold and charming, clumsy and simple, ugly and beautiful, ancient and modern, changing and correct. Taking Dingyi from the upper part and Qin and Han from the lower part, Qian song and Wu Hun's cutting and punching methods were combined to seal the seal with the cutting knife of "out of sharp and obtuse angle".

On the basis of inheriting the excellent achievements of previous punching and cutting methods, Wu Changshuo combined the advantages of various schools, and constantly explored in a large number of seal cutting creation practice. He combined punching and cutting methods to form his own punching and cutting method. This kind of knife technique is flexible, either punching with cutting, or punching with cutting, or even cutting with cutting This kind of changeable knife technique integrates the fierceness, vigor and freshness of the Chong Dao with the implicitness and simplicity of the cutting Dao, and displays the meaning of the book and the knife incisively and vividly, which makes his seal cutting knife technique vigorous, simple, and elegant. He, together with Li Liangyu and Zhao Zhiqian, are the three representatives of the "new Zhejiang School".

Incomplete knife technique is a common technique in Wu Changshuo's seal cutting creation. As we all know, most of the ancient seals of Qin and Han Dynasties lost their original smoothness and smoothness due to the erosion of soil and water and natural weathering. It is precisely these imperfections that give us such special aesthetic effects as simplicity, implicitness, profundity and clumsiness, which are caused by nature. Wu Changshuo is good at ingenious craftsmanship. On the basis of traditional punching and cutting techniques, supplemented by knocking, striking, chiseling, grinding or borrowing sand and stone, sole, nail head, etc., he greatly enriched the expression techniques of seal cutting art, and creatively raised the golden stone flavor produced by the effect of knife and stone in seal cutting art to a new aesthetic realm of incomplete beauty.

Main seal cutting works

They are: Shoushan Laokeng skillfully carved lion button, doing things in the world, reading all the books of the ages, learning for happiness, heiqingtian, January Antong order, Anji County, Huzhou, Taishan remnant stone tower, gardener born in plum cave and growing up in bamboo cave, violent book, Qianxun bamboo house, Qianxun bamboo house, three times, Wu Junqing's faith in indori's longevity, Anji Wu junzhang, Leijun, chrysanthemum in fresh frost GUI Ren Li min.

painting

content

The theme of painting is mainly flowers and occasionally landscapes. In the early stage, he was instructed by Ren Yi. Later, he used Zhao Zhiqian's painting method. He learned from Xu Wei, Bada, Shitao and the eight strange painters in Yangzhou. He also used seal script, official script and cursive brushwork to paint. He was full of color and ink. He was vigorous and unsophisticated. He also created a new look. His works attach importance to the whole and the momentum. He thinks that "the bold and unrestrained place is inseparable from the Dharma, and the subtle place takes care of the spirit". Emphasis on the use of pen, ink, color, title money, seal and other density, with appropriate. Wu Changshuo said to himself, "the strength of my life lies in my ability to draw in the way of writing."

He wrote Meilan with seal pen and made grapes with wild grass. The wood and stone of flowers and plants are old and vigorous with novel layout. The composition of the picture is close to the printed composition and white cloth. I like to take the word "Zhi"

Chinese PinYin : Wu Jun4 Qing