Ye Xie
Ye Xie
Ye Xie (Xi è) (November 6, 1627-1703), the word Zhou, has been border. He was born in Wujiang, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, and was a poet in the early Qing Dynasty. He was a student in Jiashan, Zhejiang Province. In his later years, he settled in Hengshan, Wujiang, Jiangsu, and was known as Mr. Hengshan. Ye Shaoyuan, the youngest son of Shen Yixiu.
Kangxi nine years (1670) Jinshi. In 1675, he was the magistrate of Baoying County in Jiangsu Province. He took part in the suppression of the San Francisco rebellion and the management of the Yellow River canal. Soon after, he was dismissed because he was honest and didn't attach official intention. Therefore, he was determined to pursue his official career, travel to scenic spots in the sea, recite scriptures and write books, and set up a library to teach apprentices. The author of the monograph on poetry, Yuan Shi, is considered to be the most logical and systematic monograph in the history of literary theory after Wen Xin Diao Long. In addition, there are also "Jiangnan Xingye Bian" and "Ji Qi Ji", which are about the study of star and earth.
Life of the characters
Family background
On September 29, 1627, the seventh year of Tianqi reign of emperor Xizong of Ming Dynasty, Ye Xie was born in Nanjing National Studies Department. His ancestral home is yejiadai village, Beishe Town, Wujiang District, Suzhou. The history of the Ye family can be traced back to the Song Dynasty. Ye mengde (1077-1148, Shilin) was a famous scholar and poet in the southern and Northern Song Dynasty. He was once an official and a scholar in the Imperial Academy. He strongly advocated fighting against the Jin Dynasty and tried to fight against the Jin Dynasty. After leaving his post, he lived in Wucheng (now Huzhou, Zhejiang). He is well-informed and proficient in anecdotes. He has written many works, such as Shi Lin Shi Hua. Since then, Ye's tribe has been spreading and scattered all over the country. It is concentrated in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. There are a large number of celebrities in song and Yuan Dynasties, which is known as "Ye's family in Wuzhong and the world's famous family". In the early Ming Dynasty, ye Fu Si, the 16th generation of Ye family, moved from Tongli to FenHu (FenHu), becoming the first ancestor of FenHu. The place where he lived was later called yejiadai (the hometown of jinwumengtang). The Ye family, who settled in FenHu, paid attention to the cultural education of their children. Starting from the 20th generation of Ye Shen, there were middle ranking candidates and middle ranking scholars. Ye Shen was a middle ranking scholar in the Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty, and was called shangbaogong from the official to Shaoqing. After that, ye Kecheng, the 22nd and the 23rd ye chongdi (Ye Xie's grandfather) were all Jinshi. Ye Kecheng once participated in and directed the Anti Japanese war. Ye Kecheng participated in the planning and command of the famous shengdun battle in Wujiang history.
Ye Xie's father, ye Shaoyuan, was an important writer in the late Ming Dynasty, while his mother, Shen Yixiu, was the most outstanding poetess in the late Ming Dynasty. Ye Shaoyuan resigned because he was dissatisfied with the dark and corrupt officialdom. After retiring, he and Shen Yixiu built Wu Meng Tang in yejiadai. They were intoxicated in the atmosphere of literature and art, singing with each other, leaving a thick ten volume collection of Wu Meng Tang handed down Literature achievement is a brilliant page in the Ye family history, and was praised as "the leaves of Wu and Fen, the leaves of jiaoguang". Ye Xie was born in such a family with respect for integrity and profound family origin, which laid a good foundation for his later life. Ye Xie is the 25th generation of the Ye family. According to the genealogy, Ye Xie's original name is Shishou and his name is Zhou. He is the sixth son of Ye Shaoyuan.
Young talent
Ye Xie's five elder brothers and four elder sisters are all full of literary and ideological talents. In his poor life, they linger in poems and poems to express their love for life. In particular, ye xiaoluan, the third sister, often taught Ye Xie to read poetry and ancient prose hand in hand to cultivate his interest and love for literature. A few days before his death, Xiao Luan still taught Ye Xie to read songs of Chu. The happiness of family life reached its climax in the first few years after his father, ye Shaoyuan, returned to seclusion. When ye Xie was four years old, he taught and read the songs of Chu by himself. After reading it, he was able to recite it and spread it for a while. When he was five years old, he moved to xiezhai (the study place of the Ye family) with his brothers to study. Ye Shaoyuan taught them in person. Ye Shaoyuan often pointed to the plaque of "Qingbai hall" in his home and said to young Ye Xie: "since my family admonished him, I have been eating salary for five generations, so I dare not forget it. Although I'm poor, I don't care about my family. I can be happy with my life. If you can succeed in your ambition, I will finish it Ye Xie's father's admonitions are deeply engraved in his heart and never forgotten.
However, misfortune came to this poor family one after another. After his brothers and sisters (second brother Shicheng, elder sister wanwan, third sister xiaoluan) died one after another, his mother Shen Yixiu got sick after a long period of hard work. At that time, when ye Xie was only eight years old, he suffered one of the three major tragedies in his life: "young mother's death", which made young Ye Xie more appreciate the joys and sorrows of the world. After his mother's death, Ye Xie followed his father to read poetry and composition. The family changes made him precocious in thought, and his poetry creation also advanced by leaps and bounds. When his third brother, Shi Ruo, died young, Ye Xie's 14-year-old work "eight crying brother poems" was included in "Ling Hu Ji · Fu" (Ling Hu Ji is Shi ruo's collection of works).
Under the influence of his father ye Shaoyuan, Ye Xie studied Buddhism since childhood and was proficient in Buddhism, especially the Lengyan Sutra and Lengjia Sutra. Ye Shaoyuan also often brought Ye Xie to Buddhist temples for edification. Among them, when ye Xie was ten years old, he went with his father to visit master Xueqiao in Jingshan, Zhejiang Province. He was so impressed that when he visited Lushan Mountain in his later years, he saw the portrait of master Xueqiao in the temple on the mountain and wrote a poem: "I've never been a Buddhist monk, but I'm the only one (Xueqiao). When I went to Lushan, I knew nothing else. It turned out that there was a family tradition in two generations. It can be seen that Buddhism has a profound influence on Ye Xie, including his poetry creation. When he was 15 or 6 years old, Ye Xie's understanding and interpretation of Buddhism could not even be refuted by many old monks who had advanced Taoism.
In February of the first year of Hongguang in the Southern Ming Dynasty (1645), the imperial court sent people to select ladies among the people. The storm spread to Zhejiang Province and came to Jiashan. Ye Xie's father-in-law's Jiashan Wang family urgently sent someone to inform Ye Xie to get married in Jiashan as soon as possible. Because ye Shaoyuan was in Hangzhou at that time, Ye Xie was led to Jiashan by his elder brother Shiquan. As the arrival was slow, the storm had passed and there was no wedding. At that time, Jiaxing government opened the imperial examination, and Ye Xie took part in the examination in Jiaxing. In March, Ye Xie ranked first in senior high school, and his essay was highly praised. Li Yujian (Jiezhi), the academic envoy, rated it as: "the speech is strong, the debate is brilliant, the mind is full of wisdom, the thunder is loud, and the spring is dawn in all countries, which is not the hope of Hinayana.". The Ge Xue Qian sai'an praised: "with the vast ocean of Nanhua, expound the meaning of Lengyan".
Three years in exile
After the change of Jiashen, Chongzhen hanged himself in the coal mountain, and the Ming Dynasty perished. Later, the Qing army entered the pass in a large scale, and wherever the cavalry went, "leave hair but not head, leave head but not hair", in an attempt to threaten the people to surrender by force. At the time of "the people's society is the house", some literati and scholars with national integrity either set up the uprising flag to fight against the Qing Dynasty, or cut their hair to become monks and went to the empty mountain and wasteland. On August 27, the first year of Hongguang (1645), Ye Xie got up early in the morning, followed his father to Yuantong nunnery, wept goodbye to his family, took a boat, braved the pouring rain, sailed to the boundless lake, and began to live in exile. No one would have thought that he would never come back. His hometown has become a distant dream ever since .
The autumn wind is rustling, the reed leaves are flying, and the autumn rain is dreary. It's a boundless way to leave. When the ship passed by, the land was desolate. There were decadent walls everywhere. The road was full of refugees, supporting the old and carrying the young. Until September 12, when he found out that there was a safe place called Anlu in huatongwu, Gaoting mountain, outside Hangzhou City, Ye Xie immediately left for Anlu. After getting in touch with him, he took his father and others to Anlu and stopped for a while. Life in exile, let Ye Xie feel the warmth and coldness of human feelings. I lived in Gaoting mountain for more than two months. During this period, I could not let my family know about their exile, let alone what would happen in my family. The hermit offered to go to FenHu on his behalf. The hermit thought that there was some money to get. Unexpectedly, the Ye family was very poor. When he returned to the mountain, he immediately gave the order to the guest. In contrast to the nunnery master, the people around take good care of Ye's father and son on weekdays. Hearing the news of being driven away, they borrowed a boat to send Ye Xie's father and son away. Thanks to their help, they managed to avoid the Qing soldiers' investigation and re hire a boat to go.
In April of the next year, Ye Xie and his son went to Taihu Lake and took refuge in temples around Taihu Lake. Along the way, most of them stayed in monasteries, so that Ye Xie had a chance to observe Buddhist rituals and discuss Buddhism with monks, such as the ceremony of welcoming Buddha statues in Ci'an, the ceremony of saying and accepting precepts in sheng'en temple, etc., which not only enabled Ye Xie to have an intuitive perceptual understanding of Buddhism and Buddhist rituals, but also provided some spiritual adjustment and comfort for Ye Xie's exile life, temporarily forgetting the pain of exile, and at the same time giving him a sense of happiness Ye Xie had a profound influence on his scholarship and creation. The relatively peaceful life in Taihu Lake is fleeting. The news of the Qing army's crazy search for and massacre of Jiangnan anti Qing volunteers spread to Taihu Lake. Ye Shaoyuan was also on the list of pursuers. Soon after, Yang Tingshu and others were arrested and killed, and Ye Xie and his son had to leave Taihu lake. Ye Xie hired a boat to accompany his father to Zhejiang by water. There were many difficulties along the way. When they passed Pingwang, the Qing soldiers set up many checkpoints. Ye Xie and his father dressed up as farmers, abandoned the boat, went ashore, made a detour, met with the boat by Yinghu lake, got on the boat again, went to Jiashan first, and then rushed to Pinghu, Zhejiang. It was the summer of the first year of Yongli (1647). The Feng family in Pinghu is ye Shaoyuan's grandmother's family. Ye Xie accompanied his elderly and sick father in Pinghu until his father died in 1648.
Living in seclusion in Hengshan
After taking care of his father's funeral in Pinghu, Ye Xie left Pinghu and went to Taihu Lake alone to live in seclusion in Hengshan. Hengshan, about 15 Li southwest of Suzhou (measured in ancient times, according to Mudu annals), is named after its four sides. Hengshan, also known as Juhu mountain, is also called Qizi mountain. According to Hengshan annals, Hengshan Fangguang
Chinese PinYin : Ye Xie
Ye Xie
