Long Xie

Long Xie

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Longxie (1640-1697), also known as lihou, was named Shilou, Gaian, Leian and guiya. In the late Qing Dynasty, he was the owner of Qionghua. He was born in Wangjiang county (now Anhui Province) in Jiangnan and was the son of longying Ding. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, he took the section of erudite Hongci. The story of the stone (originally a dream of Red Mansions) contains the lotus daughter Lei, which is quite similar to the story of the lotus city by long Xie. The story of the stone may be written by long Xie.

Xie's poems, ci poems and songs are all famous at that time. There are three episodes of he Su's poems. His legendary dramas, Qionghua Meng and Furong Chengji, are all performed in the pear garden. Those who wrote the preface to his poems and essays were all famous at that time, such as Zhao Shilin, Wang Shizhen and Tian Wen, who were officials, households and ministers of the Ministry of punishment at that time. There are also "Gaian poetry manuscript", "Ci manuscript", "QingChuang essay", "Shilou collection manuscript" and so on.

Profile

Long Renfu, the distant ancestor of long Xie, was a famous Confucian in the Yuan Dynasty. Xiefu longying Ding was kind and charitable. In the late Ming Dynasty, he took Gongsheng as the instruction of Haimen County in Nantong Prefecture. In the early Qing Dynasty, he abandoned the official and returned to Li. Ying Ding had seven sons, who were famous for their fame. Xie was the second, and his wife Zhu was the second. Long Xie was born on the 17th of the first month of the 13th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1640.2.8). At the age of six, Wu tingkai, a teacher of Huaining with his elder brother, was a "regular script with historical talent, and he was employed by Xiuzhi before and after the county.". At the age of ten, he memorized "several million words" in ancient classics and history. At the age of fourteen, he studied politics in Jiangnan and became a scholar. However, from 1660, the 17th year of Shunzhi to 1672, the 11th year of Kangxi, there were four (or five) rural examinations in succession, but they were defeated repeatedly. In the second and sixth years of Kangxi's reign, his brother long Guang passed the imperial examinations successively. His mother, Zhu Shi, was bedridden after hearing the news of his eldest son's success in Zhongju, and said, "an you've got two sons to go to Zhongju, and they've fallen into sun Shan?" Long Xie once wrote to a friend: "a certain Jiwei in the fourth battle won't be sold. Now that it's over, how can my husband be humiliated again? I've been sitting in the mountains for ten years

Official career

Kangxi eighteen years (1679) open erudite Hongci branch, long Xiezhong second class 28th, awarded the Imperial Academy review, at the age of 40. Since then, long Xie has been an official in Beijing, except for the five years from 1686 to 29 When Ding's parents were worried. He served successively as Zuo zhongyun in Zuo Chunfang of Zhan Shifu, and also as the editor of Hanlin. He was also a member of Henan Department of the Ministry of criminal justice and the head of tuntian Department of the Ministry of labor. He was only 58 years old. During his 14 years in Beijing, he was upright and honest. Although he was a "Ci minister" who was "good at writing articles" for a long time, he had been engaged in the work of criminal name documents for a long time, that is, the so-called "taking the Imperial Academy as the office of Lang", which was cherished by the theory, he was still conscientious and had a good political voice.

In the 18th year of Kangxi, long Xiezhong learned a lot about Hongci. After the imperial examination, he was awarded the Imperial Academy to review and revise the 21st history, and compiled the history of the Ming Dynasty and the unified annals of the Qing Dynasty. In the spring of the 24th year of Kangxi's reign, he left Beijing to return to his hometown because his parents died one after another. During the mourning period, he traveled to Hubei, Jiangxi, Guangdong and other places and compiled a collection of Hesu poems. In the 29th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign, he returned to Beijing and took up the post of chief of Dali temple. Later, he was promoted to be a doctor of tuntian Department of the Ministry of industry and held an important position in the Ministry of punishment.

As an upright official, long Xie once saved Buha, the governor of Shaanxi Province, Zhang Yi, the governor of Huguang, Fu Tianxiang, the magistrate of Anqing, and Li Fumi, the pedestrian secretary, from misfortune, which made his political reputation famous. Long Xie wrote a lot in his life. In the 31th year of Kangxi, he compiled two poems of he Su and three poems of he su before he died. Wang Shizhen, Tian Wen, etc. wrote a preface and printed it, and highly praised it, believing that "after Zizhan, there was only one person.". In addition, there are "Gaian poetry full draft", "Ci draft", "sunny window essays" and other works.

Long Xie died on August 11, the 36th year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (1697.9.25).

Works related

The story of stone

The story of the stone (originally a dream of Red Mansions) contains a play of the palace of eternal life, so its completion was not earlier than the 27th year of Kangxi (1688). Zhiyanzhai's criticism of "Jimao winter night" was taken in 1699, and it is inferred that the first edition of shitouji was not later than the 33rd year of Kangxi (1694). Therefore, the first edition of the story of the stone was written between 1688 (44 years old) and 1694 (54 years old), just when long Xie lived in Beijing as an official.

After abandoning the scientific research, long Xie wrote a dream of Qionghua when he visited Yangzhou in the 14th year of Kangxi (1674) and wrote a lot of poems in memory of his late wife Zhang. The dream of Qionghua conveyed the idea of advocating independent marriage and affirming women's talent. The death of his beloved wife and the failure of the imperial examination made his plays show concern for his own destiny. At the end, the author arranges the hero and heroine to go back to seclusion and practice Taoism, and leave at the peak of prosperity.

Long Xie's drama "the story of Furong city" tells the story of Shi Yannian (named Manqing) who was bestowed by the jade emperor as the leader of Furong city in the Song Dynasty. There are 3000 Fairies in Furong City, which focus on "those beautiful and peerless beauties since ancient times", including Wang Zhaojun, Huo Xiaoyu, Lvzhu, Cui YingYing and other tragic figures in history and literature. After Shi Yannian became the city leader, he overturned the cases one by one for these tragic women, tried and punished the men who had hurt these women one by one. This is completely consistent with the spirit in a dream of Red Mansions, in which there is the famous lotus daughter Lei.

Long Xie's legendary Qionghua dream and drama Furong Chengji show disappointment in the imperial examination system and different expectations for the realization of individual value in his life and career. In the sense of men and women, he thinks that women's talent can be higher than men's, and there are many modern tendencies in their pursuit of marriage and love.

In the annotations of a dream of Red Mansions, both cuohusuo and Zhiyanzhai are called "brother Shi". Longxie stone tower. Stone tower, long Xie's collection of books to avoid the name also. The host of the evening flower. In a dream of Red Mansions, there is also a couplet "the crane sleeps idly in the stone tower (Shi Xiangyun), and the cat is warm in the brocade (Lin Daiyu)".

Long Xie once had a concubine in Jinling. To this end, you dong wrote a poem "four poems of a concubine in longshilou Jinling" and Chen Weisong wrote a poem "song of Dongxian · longlihou's poems of a concubine from Qinhuai". In the commentary of a dream of Red Mansions, there is a saying: "Xueqin's old book fengyuebaojian was written by the elder brother of Xitang. Only Jia Rui, Qin Keqing and Qin Zhong are concerned about it, and they are a little suspicious of kusuo." Xitang is the name of Youdong, which also proves the two books of Fengyue Baojian and shitouji. Cai Yuanpei's the story of stone: "Shi Xiangyun, Chen Qinian." Chen Qinian is Chen Weisong. A dream of Red Mansions is also known as twelve hairpins in Jinling.

A dream of Red Mansions involves poetry, drama and rehearsal, which long Xie is proficient in. In her hometown of Yangzhou, Lin Daiyu's Yangzhou accent, such as "this Hui Zi", "Cai Jiang", "chew maggot" and other Yangzhou dialect, can hardly be separated. Long Xie just abandoned the imperial examination and wrote the legend Qionghua dream when he lived in Yangzhou, and mourned his wife Zhang. Other people put forward the idea that a dream of Red Mansions is rooted in Hunan and Jiangxi dialects. Wangjiang, longxie's hometown, is exactly Gan dialect. The book was finally completed in Beijing.

In the 18th year of Kangxi (1679), that is, the year when long xiequ entered Beijing, the Qing government began to compile the history of Ming Dynasty. A dream of Red Mansions may be influenced by the compilation of the history of the Ming Dynasty, but it was later banned because of the late Ming Dynasty.

Proficient in opera

In 1679, long Xie (39 years old) took the book of Furong city and a dream of Qionghua to Beijing. Under the praise of colleagues and friends, it was staged in the capital and gradually spread to all parts of the country. In his childhood, long Xie was able to orchestrate and was versatile. In the book of poems of Xiajun Gu (Gu Sili) in xiuye hall, he said, "I remember the year of Fang Yu, but I didn't feel the silk on my temples when I was young" (three volumes of poems by he Su). In Kangxi's 189 years, long Xie arranged and performed Qionghua dream on a large scale. In his friends' poems, he mentioned many times that long Xie personally patted tanban. For example, Feng Pu, the Minister of punishment, wrote the legend of Qionghua dream with Gao Niandong (Gao Heng)

"The new sound of Yuming is a waste of writing, and the three dreams of the singing field are unique.

Who knows how talented you are when you get up, the sandalwood board knocks the fragrance of the house

Peng sun Hui (No.1 in Bo Xuehong's Ci Poetry) watching and performing a dream of Qionghua as a gift to lei'an Taishi

"Fenghuai cherishes the beauty of the jade hall, which shows Jin Quan's self pity.

Tanban jinzunji red beans, Qingge with the appreciation of blue sky (longxie volume, Anhui opera anthology).

In Volume 13 of Tian Wen's collection of guhuantang, there are five pieces of seven character jueju, i.e. inviting caiya, Shilou and Lu Yuyan to drink in winter night

"How about a string of pearls at night, and the winter flowers beside the eaves.

Xiao Ling has no new songs according to the board, and has not composed Fan Li Guan Li's songs. “

After the poem, it is noted that "the legend of a dream of Qionghua written by Shilou is all performed in the pear garden.".

There are thirty poems in Kong Shangren's Yantai zaxing

"Defeat the old Yushang in Linchuan, Baiyun Louzi Bishan hall.

Hurt spring did not wake up hazy eyes, and see the world dream two

A note after the poem says: "Yu Chi Sheng wrote the legend of Yangzhou dream, and long Gaian wrote the legend of Qionghua dream, which was once played in Bishan hall and Baiyun Building. "Kong Shangren later wrote peach blossom fan.

Wang Shizhen's "watching and acting the legend of Qionghua dream", eight poems in Shilou palace of Cambodian dragon "

"The old Linchuan grass is rustling, and the Jingxi river is lonely.

Since pinching Tan trace, I have no choice but a long Chao in Jiangdong“

Xu Peng's "collection of Nanzhou thatched cottage" Volume 13 "Xi Cambodian lei'an" says:

"At the beginning of cardamom, the fragrance has been broken. I'll see it in my suitcase for a long time.

Knowing that you have not awakened the dream of Qionghua, the sky has come to ask cailuan. "

A note after the poem said: "Lei An wrote a dream of Qionghua.".

In 1695, long Xie reorganized Qionghua dream. Wang Shizhen's Yu Yang Shi Hua: "the legend of Qionghua Meng written by long Shilou Xie is successful, which attracts more generations to view. Yu jiulan Fu eight quatrains, there is "since pinching Tan trace Pro Gu Qu, Jiangdong who is like a long Chao" sentence Long Xie personally taught Xiaoling, composed music and composed music

Chinese PinYin : Long Xie