Long's

Surname long

The surname of long is an ancient surname. In the spring and Autumn period, there was Longzi, and in the Warring States period, there was Longjia, the general of Wei state. It has an ancient origin and involves ancient myths and legends. It was born in Shandong, Henan Province.

1、 It comes from Yulong's family and Shun's minister nayanlong (Nayan is the official name), and it is recorded in Xingzuan and Guangyun.

2、 From the late Shang Dynasty to the early Zhou Dynasty. The unearthed cultural relics are Shang Zi Long Ding. Later, it is also called the long family.

3、 It comes from the feudal state of Zhou Dynasty and takes the state as its surname. The unearthed cultural relics of the Zhou Dynasty are longboji (Earl). Later, it was called the long family.

4、 Seen in legend. In ancient times, the state of Longbo was owned by adults, which can be seen in Liezi · Tangwen. The Fuxi family of Taihu was named dragon master because of the dragon age, which can be seen in the 17th year of Zhaogong in Zuozhuan. Wang Yanshou of the Eastern Han Dynasty wrote "Fu Xi's scaly body and Nu Wa's snake body". According to the oracle bone inscriptions, there is a dragon marquis in Shang Dynasty. The book of mountains and seas records that "another 200 Li in Northeast China is called the mountain of the Dragon Marquis". In the early Western Han Dynasty, there was also a state of dragon marquis.

In Shang Dynasty, there were dragon mother Zun, Shang Zilong Ding, Zilong Chen, Shang Zilong tongge and so on. In Zhou Dynasty, there were dragon Boji and so on. "In the early spring and Autumn period, there were Madame fan's longying pot and Madame fan's longying plate.

Historical development

Origin and evolution

The surname of long ranked 256 in the Song Dynasty, accounting for about 0.05% of the national population at that time, and ranked 85th in the 2016 census, with a population of about 2.8 million, accounting for about 0.23% of the total population.

The origin of the Dragon surname is ancient, involving ancient legends. It comes from the Yulong family and nayanlong family. With the continuous enrichment of pre Qin historical materials (oracle bone inscriptions of Shang Dynasty and Jin inscriptions of pre Qin Dynasty), the origin is as follows.

It comes from Yulong family and Shun minister nayanlong.

The surname of long comes from the family of Yulong. It is recorded in the book of surname Zuan and Guangyun. In addition, according to the general annals of the clan, the surname of long, shunchenye, and LONGYE Nayan (the so-called Nayan was a kind of official position at that time, which was specially appointed by the emperor), the descendants took the name of long as their surname.

From the end of Shang Dynasty and the beginning of Zhou Dynasty, the feudal land was in Henan Province

Huixian

.

First, the owner of the unearthed Shang Zilong Ding should be the nobles of the late Shang Dynasty (Zhu fenghan) or the early Western Zhou Dynasty (Chen Peifen's shuozhilong Ding and Zhu fenghan's the age of Zilong Ding and the connotation of inscriptions). It is the largest bronze round ding that has been found in the late Shang and early Zhou dynasties. Secondly, there are many records in oracle inscriptions, such as "the divination of Jiaxu, Wang long to show witchcraft.". "The oracle bone inscriptions collection 20365", or Longbo changed his title.

It comes from the feudal state of Zhou Dynasty and takes the state as its surname.

Earl, one of the vassal states of the Western Zhou Dynasty, was in the southeast of Tai'an County in Shandong Province. He Shaoji's Dongzhou Caotang Wen Chao: "Zhou long Bo Ji, long Gai ancient country name. "And" Mount Tai is the place of ancient country. ". "In the early Han Dynasty, there was also a state of dragon marquis. According to the oracle bone inscriptions, the state of Longbo existed in the Shang Dynasty. For example, "Zhenhu took Longbai (Bo)" (collection of oracle bone inscriptions 6589 Zheng), the state of Longbo was destroyed in the Shang Dynasty. According to Qinghua bamboo slips, the name of King Longbo in Zhou Dynasty is doubted to be gongbohe of the Republic administration, such as "it belongs to King Li yuche, and Longbo is established in harmony.". (the first chapter of Xi Nian). After the destruction of the state, he took the dragon as his surname.

come from

Surname Yan

.

In the spring and Autumn period, there were Qunshu states between the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River, all of which were surnamed Yan. It was built by the adherents of Shu state together with the adherents of other Yan surnamed States, including Shulong state. Another tomb unearthed is the tomb of Mrs. fan longying in the spring and Autumn period. Later, Shulong kingdom was destroyed in Chu Kingdom. In the Han Dynasty, Shulong state was called Longshu county (now Shucheng County, Lu'an City, Anhui Province).

In ancient times

Long Boguo

.

In ancient times, the state of Longbo was owned by adults, which can be seen in Liezi · Tangwen. Wang Yanshou of the Eastern Han Dynasty wrote "Fu Xi's scaly body and Nu Wa's snake body".

From

Ji surname

He took the capital as his surname.

In the spring and Autumn period, there was a longyi (the second year of Chenggong in Zuozhuan) in the state of Lu. In the southwest of Tai'an, Shandong Province, there may be some Lu officials who took the Yi as their surname. The state of Wei also had longyi and Longjia. Both Lu and Wei had the surname Ji.

He changed his surname for Longqiu and took Shan as his surname.

In Xinmang, there was a hermit, long Qiuchang, from Wu; in Cai Yong's qincao, there was a Chu man, long qiugao; in the Northern Wei Dynasty, there was a Liang governor, long qiudaqian. Later, it was not heard, or changed to the long family.

It comes from a change of surname.

In ancient times, there were Goulong, such as Goulong Shuang, a painter in Song Dynasty. Later, it may be changed to the single surname of Gou and long. For example, in the Southern Song Dynasty, long Dayuan, whose real name is Goulong Dayuan, avoided the taboo of Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty and went to Goulong.

come from

legendary emperor of great wisdom

In this period, after the Huanlong clan,

According to the records of Tongzhi · clan brief and Mingxian clan words and deeds manuscript and other materials, it is said that Dong Fu, who is good at feeding dragons, was given the surname "Huanlong" by Shun. The descendants may have long's family.

It comes from another family,

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the surname Liu was changed to Han in the movement of changing the land and returning to Liu (according to the homophony, the surname of the neighboring Han was adopted as the surname. For example, Enshi had the Han surname long among the military households stationed in the Ming Dynasty). The surnames of Yang, Li, Liao, Chen, Huang, Wang and Zhang of ethnic minorities all came from this. In China, Miao (Miao's surname is Gelao, Gemi, etc., refer to Miao's surname), Dong (Dong's surname is Doulong, etc.), Yi (Yi's surname is najilou, etc.), Manchu (Yi's surname is Lali, etc.), Mongolian (Mongolian's surname is kuilong, etc.), Yao, Shui, Pumi, Hani, etc. all change their Han surnames.

Migration distribution

In the pre Qin period, the Dragon surname originated from Henan and Shandong, and then moved, mainly distributed in Henan, Shanxi and Anhui.

During the Han Dynasty, according to the prefectures, Gansu, Hubei and Hunan provinces and Shanxi, Hebei, Henan and Shandong provinces were all distributed. In Southwest Sichuan and other places, it was the big surname. "When Gongsun Shuo (southwest), the big surnames of long, Fu, Yin, Dong and gongcaoxie were Han" (later Hanshu · biography of Southwest Yi)

During the Song Dynasty, there were about 40000 people with the surname of long, accounting for 0.04% of the national population, ranking after the 200th. In the whole country, the distribution is mainly concentrated in Sichuan, Jiangxi and Anhui, which account for about 87% of the total population, followed by Henan, Zhejiang and other provinces. Sichuan Province is the largest province with the long surname, accounting for 32% of the total population. The country has formed two large population gathering areas of the Dragon surname, Sichuan in the West and Jiangxi and Anhui in the East.

During the song and Yuan Dynasties, due to the influence of the "great era", the distribution pattern of the long surname changed greatly. The population of the long surname decreased sharply in Sichuan and Henan, and mainly distributed in Hunan and Jiangxi.

During the Ming Dynasty, there were more than 120000 people with the surname of long, accounting for about 0.12% of the national population, ranking behind 120th. In the whole country, the distribution is mainly concentrated in Jiangxi and Hunan, which account for about 71% of the total population of the Dragon surname, followed by Hubei and Guangxi, where the Dragon surname is concentrated by 14%. The population of long family in Jiangxi Province accounts for about 44% of the total population of long family, which is the largest province of long family. The whole country has formed a population gathering area of Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei and Guilong with Jiangxi as the center.

The contemporary population of the Dragon surname is about 2.8 million, which is the 85th surname in China, accounting for about 0.28% of the national population. The distribution in China is now mainly concentrated in Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Anhui, Hainan and other southern provinces.

The long surname of the Han nationality accounts for about 90% of the total population. Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Chongqing, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Jiangxi, Anhui and other places are the main distribution places of the Dragon surname of the Han nationality. In addition, Shandong, Jiangsu, Tianjin, Hebei, Henan, northeast provinces, Shanxi, Guizhou, Qianxi, Shaanxi and Gansu, as well as Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan are all distributed. Overseas parts, including Singapore and Malaysia, have long's Guild (mostly moved in from Hainan Province).

In Xiangxi, Hunan, Qiandongnan, Guizhou, Chongqing, yudongnan, Hubei and Southwest Hubei autonomous regions, due to the reform of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, some ethnic minorities also had the surname of long.

traditional culture

County Hall

Wuling county is located in Changde;

Tianshui county is located in Pingxiang (now the northwest of Tongwei in Gansu Province) in the Western Han Dynasty, and Shangying (today's Shuishi) in the Western Jin Dynasty;

Wuyang county is located in Guixiang (now northeast of Daming, Hebei Province);

Taiyuan county is located in Jinyang (now southwest of Taiyuan, Shanxi Province);

Wuchang County, where the government is now Wuchang.

"Shishi", "bade", "Jingde", "Nayan", "dunben", "Dunhou", "Wuling", "Tianshui", "Cunren", "Zhongxiao" and so on.

Clan characteristics

1、 The Dragon surname was first found in Henan, Shandong and other places in the north. In the Han Dynasty, the southwest Sichuan and other places had "the great surnames of long, Fu, Yin, Dong and Xie Xiebao in the time of Gongsun Shuo (southwest)" (later Hanshu, biography of Southwest Yi). At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, Jiangxi and other southern provinces became more and more popular. Before the Ming Dynasty, it was a small surname (ranking after 200). Since the Ming Dynasty, due to political stability and being far away from war, it has been able to reproduce and become officials. The distribution pattern was formed in the Ming Dynasty, and now it is still basically distributed in the south, rarely seen in the north.

2、 For example, in the Qing Dynasty, there were Xiyuan Longshi in Changsha, Hunan, qinghuiyuan Longshi in Shunde, Guangdong, Longshi in Dongxiang, Guilin, Guangxi (brother Hanlin longchaoyan, longchaoyi), Chengguan Longshi (longxie, Longguang, Longpei) in Wangjiang, Anhui, etc., all of them were scholars of the same school. In addition, such as the Ming Dynasty Wuling family Jiuzhitang dragon family. But the record has been lost.

3、 From the historical records, the Ming and Qing Dynasties are the most, and the modern officials are rare. Before the Ming and Qing Dynasties, due to the lack of records, or biased historical records, or inconsistent names, there were few well-known people with the surname of long.

4、 We attach great importance to genealogy and genealogy rectification. Up to now, we still have good genealogy, memorial archways and ancestral temples. Up to now, the well preserved tombs include longbogao (early Eastern Han Dynasty), the archway of Xianfu in Longjia temple, Longjia courtyard, Qinghui garden, one of the top ten famous gardens in China, and Longshi villa in Yibin, Chongqing.

5、 Be enthusiastic about public welfare and charity

Chinese PinYin : Long Shi