Wei Shou

Wei Shou

Wei shou (507-572), whose name was Boqi, was born in xiaquyang County, Julu County (now Jinzhou City, Hebei Province). During the northern and Southern Dynasties, he was a minister, a writer, a historian, and the son of Wei Zijian, a general of the Northern Wei Dynasty.

Born in the Wei family of Julu, he is alert and agile, and has a lot of literary talent. Together with Wen Zisheng and Xing Shao, he is known as the "three talents in the north". At the beginning of his official career in the Northern Wei Dynasty, he paid homage to Dr. Taichang. Then he became an official of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, worshipped the official of sanqichangshi, zhongshushilang, and compiled the history of the country. After the establishment of the Northern Qi Dynasty, he paid homage to Zhongshu Ling, Wei Yin, Secretary Jian, zhuzolang, moved to tejin, and took charge of imperial edicts, discussed the five rituals of Jian, and participated in the revision of laws and regulations. Tianbao eight years (557), plus Prince Shaofu. In the third year of Wuping (572), he died at the age of 66. He posthumously conferred the title of Wenzhen on Sikong and Zuo pushe, the Minister of state.

In the second year of Tianbao (551), Wei Shou was ordered to write the history of the Northern Wei Dynasty. He combined Fang Yanyou, Xin Yuanzhi, Diao Rou, Pei angzhi, Gao Xiaoqian and others to write 130 Wei Shu. After the completion of the book, there was a lot of noise, which referred to as "dirty history". Wei accepted the manuscript of three changes, and the final version was made by Fang. Later generations compiled Wei te Jin Ji.

Life of the characters

Young and famous

The ancestor of Weishou was Gaoliang in the early Han Dynasty. Wei Yue, his grandfather, is Wei's sixth grandson. He is deeply affectionate and broad-minded. Li Xiaobo, the Duke of Xuancheng, highly valued him and married his daughter to him. Wei Yue served as the governor of Jiyin and made great achievements. Wei Shou's father, Wei Zijian, went to Zuo Guanglu, a doctor. He was also a general of Sanqi and Hushi. He was given the title of "Wenjing" as a gift to the third division of Yitong and the governor of Dingzhou.

Wei Shou was alert and agile since he was a child. When he was 15 years old, he was already familiar with the style of writing and became famous for his literary talent. When Wei Shou first became an official, he was appointed doctor of Taixue. During the change of Heyin, er zhurong hunted and killed his courtiers. He escaped with his wisdom and survived. Li Shenjun, the Minister of the Ministry of official, valued his talent and learning very much, and asked the imperial court to teach him to join the army. After Jie min emperor ascended the throne, he issued an imperial edict to test the officials and asked Wei Shou to draft the Fengchan book. He wrote the book with one stroke and didn't even ask for the draft. There are nearly a thousand words in the article, but few changes. At this time, Huang men Lang Jia Si stood beside the emperor. He highly appreciated Wei Shou's talent and learning, and said to Jie min Di, "even if he has the talent of seven steps into poetry, he can't surpass Wei Shou." Soon after, he was ordered to take charge of the records of the emperor's daily life notes and participate in the compilation of national history. Soon afterwards, he also served as the Minister of Zhongshu. At this time, Wei Shou was 26 years old.

In the early years of emperor Xiaowu of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the imperial court ordered Wei Shou to assume the original official position. The court piled up a lot of documents, and Wei Shou dealt with them one by one, which satisfied emperor Xiaowu.

Think about quitting

At first, Gao Huan insisted on resigning the post of general Tianzhu. Emperor Xiaowu ordered Wei Shou to draft an imperial edict to comply with his request and wanted to make him prime minister again. He asked Wei Shou how high the rank of prime minister was. Wei Shou answered truthfully, and Emperor Xiaowu gave up. Wei Shou didn't figure out the thoughts of the master and the prime minister. He was very uneasy and asked to be relieved of his official position. The imperial court issued an imperial edict to agree. After a long time, the imperial court ordered him to be the founder of Wang yuanzan, the son of emperor Xiaowu's brother Guangping, to be a Zhonglang. Wei Shou did not dare to refuse, so he wrote a Ode to court bamboo to express his feelings. Soon after, he was appointed as the scholar of Zhongshu. He was as famous as Wen Zisheng in Jiyang and Xing Zicai in Hejian. They were called "three talents" by the world. At this time, Emperor Xiaowu was suspicious of Wei Shou, so he resolutely resigned from his official post on the ground of illness.

Ordered to compile history

Later, Wei Shou was called to Jinyang to be the director of the Chinese and foreign governments. He was constantly criticized and flogged. For a long time, he could not show his ambition. When Sima Ziru was ordered to go to Gaohuan's court hall, he joked with Gaohuan at the banquet and said, "Wei Shou is the emperor's zhongshulang, the hero of the country. I hope you can give him a good look." As a result, he became a government official. However, Gao Huan did not give him preferential treatment. Because Wei Shou could not be reused, he asked for the compilation of national history. His colleague Cui Xian recommended him to Gao Cheng, saying: "the history of the country is of great importance. The great achievements of the overlord established by your father and son need to be recorded. Wei Shou is not competent in this matter." Gao Cheng then set out to play the imperial court and ordered Wei Shou to write the history of the country. In the second year of Wuding (544), he served as a normal servant, and was also the Minister of Zhongshu. He was still responsible for compiling national history.

Brilliant

Later, Gao Huan returned to the court. Emperor Xiaojing of the Eastern Wei Dynasty ordered him to be prime minister. Gao Huan resolutely refused and asked Wei Shou to write memorials on his behalf. When Gao Cheng was beside him, Gao Huan pointed to Wei Shou and said, "this man should be Cui Guang again." In the fourth year of Wuding (546), Gao Huan held a banquet at the ximenbao temple and said to Sima Ziru: "Wei Shou was appointed as a historian and wrote about my good and evil. I heard that during the northern expedition, the dignitaries often gave the historians food. Sima pushe, have you ever entertained the historians So they laughed together. Gao Huan said to Wei Shou, "you don't want to see people like Yuankang running in front of me. I think they are very hardworking. My future reputation is in your hands. Don't think I don't know. " Soon after, Wei Shou was granted the title of concurrently author.

Hou Jing betrayed the Northern Wei Dynasty and attacked the southern border. Gao Cheng was in Jinyang at that time, and ordered Wei Shou to write a more than 50 page proclamation, which he finished in less than a day. The imperial court will also give the southern Liang imperial edict to Hou Jing. Wei Shougang wrote and drafted it at night, and he finished it in the third shift. The article was full of seven pieces of paper. Gao Cheng praised him very much. Emperor Xiaojing of Wei once held archery in autumn and asked his ministers to write poems. The last sentence of Wei Shou's poem is: "the book of Chih is for Jianye, and the book of Chih is for Chang'an." Gao Cheng appreciated the magnificence of the poem and said to the people around him, "if we have Wei Shou in our Dynasty, it is the glory of our country. The articles that are popular with both refined and popular tastes are well-informed and powerful. I also let Xing Zicai and Wen Zisheng constantly write, and their talent, sentiment and CI spirit can't catch up with him. Sometimes I think, forget and did not say, said the words and unknown, can not fully express the meaning. Wei Shou presented the articles he drafted, and all of them completely explained my ideas. This kind of talent is really rare. " He also ordered Wei Shou to serve as the host and guest to receive the messengers of Liang Dynasty, Xie Fu and Xu Ling. Hou Jing surrendered to Nanliang, and Xiao Fan, king of Poyang in the Liang Dynasty, was appointed governor of Hezhou at that time. Gao Cheng orders Wei Shou to write to Xiao Fan. After Xiao Fan got the letter, he led his headquarters to the west, and Cui Shengnian, governor of the state, occupied the city. Gao Cheng said to Wei Shou, "you have made great efforts to pacify Yizhou, but it's a pity that the" Chishu levy "has not yet been realized."

Serve the Northern Qi Dynasty

After Gao Cheng was killed and died, Emperor Wen Xuan Gao Yang went to Jinyang and ordered Wei Shou, Huang men Lang Cui Jishu, Gao Dezheng and Li Bu Lang Zhongwei Jin to take part in secret affairs in the northern Xiang Wang mansion. Wei Shou was transferred to the post of Secretary Supervisor, as well as a writer, and served as Dazhong Zheng in Dingzhou. At this time, the Northern Qi Dynasty was about to be founded, and Yang Zhuozhao asked Wei Shou to be placed in another library and ordered him to write the imperial edict of accepting Zen.

In the first year of Tianbao (550) of the Northern Qi Dynasty, he was appointed as zhongshuling, and he was also a writer and was granted the title of son of Fuping County.

Writing Wei Shu

In the second year of Tianbao, the imperial court ordered him to write the history of Wei. For four years, he was appointed Wei Yin, so he was given a generous salary to write in the Museum of history, not to participate in other affairs. At the beginning, Gao Yang asked the ministers to state their own aspirations. Wei Shou said, "I would like to write Wei Shu in Dongguan as soon as possible." Therefore, Gao Yang ordered him to take up his post. He also ordered gaolongzhi, the king of Pingyuan, to be in charge of the compilation of historical books, but only by name. Emperor Wen Xuan said to Wei Shou, "if I write history in a good and direct way, I will never kill historiographers like Tuo Batao."

On the basis of the historical materials collected by predecessors, Wei Shou, together with Tongzhi Chang Shi Fang Yan, Sikong Sima Xin Yuan Zhi, Guozi doctor Diao Rou, Pei angzhi, shangshulang and Gao Xiaogan, wrote the book of Wei after careful consideration. The name should be determined and the choice should be made one by one. In addition, he collected a wide range of lost historical materials, supplemented the missing and unwritten historical facts, completed a generation of historical books, and played the role of Wen imperial court. It is an important ancient book of this generation. Its scale is: a total of 12, 92 biographies, a total of 110 volumes. In March of the fifth year of Tianbao (554), it was presented to the emperor. In the autumn of this year, Wei Shou was appointed governor of Liangzhou. Because the whole book was not finished, Wei Shou asked to continue to complete the cause, and the imperial court agreed. In November, ten chronicles were sent: four volumes of astronomical phenomena, three volumes of terrain, three volumes of law and calendar, four volumes of rites and music, one volume of food and goods, one volume of punishment, two volumes of lingzheng, two volumes of Guanshi, one volume of shilao, a total of 20 volumes, and a total of 130 volumes of biographies. The book is divided into 12 chapters, including 35 cases, 25 prefaces, 94 treatises, two tables and one revelation, all of which were created by Wei Shou.

Wei Shou was impatient and could not treat people fairly. In the past, most of the people who had grievances against him had lost their virtue of good governance and did not go down in history. He often complacently said in his history writing: "what kind of little thing do you dare to fight against Wei Shou! My pen will praise you and let you go to heaven, and belittle you and let you go to earth. "

Because the aristocratic children argued that it was unfair for Wei Shou to write history books, Emperor Wenxuan ordered him to discuss with his children and grandchildren in Shangshu province. More than 100 people complained about the history books. Some said that their family positions were omitted; some said that their family members were not recorded in history; some said that there were some slanders in the books. Wei Shoudu answers one by one according to the situation. The biography of Lu Tong, the father of Fan Yang's Lu Fei, is attached to the biography of Lu Xuan, the ancestor of his clan; the biography of Li Shu's family in dunqiu claims that he was originally from Mengdi of Liang state. Lu Fei and Li Shu satirized him, saying that his historical books were not true. Wei Shou is impatient and very angry. He starts

Chinese PinYin : Wei Shou