Liu Haisu

Liu Haisu

Liu Haisu (March 16, 1896 - August 7, 1994) was named pan, Ji Fang and haiweng. Han nationality, from Changzhou, Jiangsu Province. He is an outstanding modern painter and art educator. Member of China Democratic League. In 1912, he founded Shanghai Academy of fine arts with Wu Shiguang and Zhang Yuguang. Later, he became Shanghai Academy of fine arts. He became Vice President in autumn of 1914, president in July of 1919, and President of East China Academy of fine arts and President of Nanjing Academy of fine arts after department adjustment in 1952. He has been a professor, Dean and honorary Dean of Nanjing Academy of art, honorary chairman of Shanghai Artists Association and consultant of China Artists Association. "Outstanding achievement award" awarded by Cambridge International Communication Center. The European Academy of Italy awarded the "European palm Gold Award". He was a member of the first Jiangsu Provincial CPPCC, the third, fourth, fifth and sixth Shanghai Municipal CPPCC, the third, fourth, fifth and eighth CPPCC, and the sixth and seventh CPPCC Standing Committee.

In his early years, he studied oil painting. As a traditional Chinese painting, the lines have the strength of steel. Later, he devoted himself to splashing ink and danced with his pen. In his later years, he used the method of color splashing, which was colorful and vigorous.

Chronicle of characters

Born in March 1896 in Changzhou, Jiangsu Province. Good at oil painting, Chinese painting, art education. He was fond of painting and calligraphy when he was young. At the age of 14, he went to Shanghai to study western painting.

In 1910, he set up a picture studio in the village.

In November 1912, he founded Shanghai Academy of fine arts with Wu Shiguang and Zhang Yuguang (later Shanghai Academy of fine arts, the predecessor of Nanjing Academy of Art). The first coeducation was supported by scholars such as Cai Yuanpei, who used mannequins and travel sketching.

Since the autumn of 1914, he became Vice President of Shanghai Academy of fine arts,

In 1918, he gave lectures at Peking University and held the first personal painting exhibition.

In 1919, he went to Japan to study art education and founded Tianma club after returning home.

In October 1920, he went to Japan to attend the opening ceremony of Imperial Academy of fine arts. After returning home, he wrote biography of Miller and biography of Cezanne to introduce western art.

In 1927, he went to Japan and made friends with Japanese painters.

In 1929, he went to France and Switzerland, and his oil paintings "forest" and "night moon" were exhibited at tirali salon in Paris. The traditional Chinese painting "Jiuxi shibajian" won the honorary certificate of international exhibition.

In 1931, he held a solo exhibition at Clement hall in Paris, France, and a solo exhibition in Shanghai and Nanjing, compiling the world famous paintings.

In 1933, he went to Germany to prepare for the exhibition of modern Chinese painting.

In 1929, he visited France, Italy, Switzerland, Belgium and other countries to study art, and made friends with Picasso, Matisse and other painters. His works were selected in French autumn salon and Tillery salon. His traditional Chinese painting "nine streams and eighteen streams" won the honorary award of Belgium's independent Centennial Exhibition and published the album "Haisu oil painting".

In 1931, he taught the "Six Laws" of Chinese painting in the Chinese Academy of Frankfurt University, Germany, and held the "Liu's Chinese Painting Exhibition".

Later, he held an exhibition in the United States at the Clement hall in Paris. His work snow in Luxembourg was collected by the National Museum of Fine Arts in yiterbam, France. After returning to China, he held personal art exhibitions in Shanghai, Nanjing and other places, and later he was invited to hold art exhibitions in Germany, Britain, Indonesia, Singapore and other countries.

In 1938, at the request of Zhonghua Book Company, he wrote six volumes of Haisu series.

In 1940, he presided over the exhibition of Chinese modern famous paintings, and exhibited them in Jakarta, Kuala Lumpur and other places.

In 1947, a solo exhibition was held in "China Art Garden" in Shanghai.

In 1952, Shanghai Art College was changed into East China Art College (later Nanjing Art College). Liu Haisu became the president of the college and devoted himself to Chinese and Western painting.

In 1957, "Liu Haisu oil painting exhibition" was held in Shanghai Art Museum.

He was persecuted during the Cultural Revolution from 1966 to 1976.

In 1979, the Ministry of culture and China Artists Association held the exhibition of Liu Haisu's art works.

After 1979, he became the president and honorary president of Nanjing Academy of Arts.

In 1981, he was appointed as an academician of the Italian National Academy of Arts and awarded a gold medal.

In 1988, "Liu Haisu's ten paintings on Huangshan Mountain" was held in Shanghai Art Museum.

Art experience

Liu Haisu is a native of qingyunfang village, Wujin County, Jiangsu Province. At the age of 6, Liu Haisu studied in a private school and loved painting and calligraphy.

When he was 14 years old, he came to Shanghai and studied western painting in the background painting presided over by painter Zhou Xiang.

In November 1912, Shanghai Academy of traditional Chinese painting (the predecessor of Shanghai Academy of Fine Arts) was founded in Zhapu Road, Shanghai. In the autumn of 1914, it became the vice president of Shanghai Academy of fine arts. It recruited Xu Beihong, Wang Jiyuan and other talented students, broke through the feudal forces, and pioneered coeducation, increasing the use of mannequins and travel sketching.

In 1918, he gave lectures at Peking University and held his first personal painting exhibition, which was praised by Cai Yuanpei and Guo Moruo.

In 1919, he went to Japan to study painting and art education, and attended the opening ceremony of the first art exhibition of the Imperial Academy of fine arts. After returning home, he founded the Tianma club.

In October 1920, on behalf of Chinese new art circles, he went to Japan to attend the opening ceremony of Imperial Academy of fine arts, and made friends with Japanese painters such as Takeji Fujishima, Kojiro manguo, and Guan Yun Hashimoto. His oil paintings are highly valued and respected by Japanese painting circles, and are known as "lions in Oriental Art Circles".

After returning to China, he enriched the courses and equipment of the Academy of fine arts and became the highest Academy of Fine Arts in China at that time. He also wrote the biography of Miller and the biography of Cezanne, which introduced western art and had a great influence.

In 1927, he was persecuted and wanted by the warlord sun Chuanfang and fled to Japan. The Asahi news agency held an exhibition for him in Tokyo.

When he returned to Shanghai in the spring of 1938, at the invitation of Shanghai Zhonghua publishing house, he wrote six volumes of Haisu series, a great work of 800000 words, which is divided into three parts: Western painting garden, traditional Chinese painting garden, Haisu traditional Chinese painting and Haisu oil painting.

In 1929, Liu Haisu went to Europe to investigate fine arts and visited places of interest in France, Italy, Switzerland and other countries. In the past three years, he created nearly 100 fine arts works and was selected twice in the French autumn salon and Tillery salon, which were highly praised by the art circles in Paris. He once made friends with Picasso, Matisse, Huo Mugen and other painters. Louis and La Lola, professors of the University of Paris, were praised as "masters of the Chinese Renaissance".

In 1930, the Belgian government appointed him as the censor of the Museum of art of Belgium's Centennial Exhibition. His traditional Chinese painting "nine streams and eighteen streams" won the honorary award, and his album "Haisu oil painting" was published.

From 1931 to 1949, he spent most of his time abroad, holding exhibitions and lectures.

After liberation, he was the president of East China Art College, the president and honorary president of Nanjing Art College.

In 1981, he was appointed honorary academician of the Italian National Academy of art and awarded the gold medal.

When he went to Europe to give lectures in 1931, he held an exhibition in Europe and the United States at Paris palermon painting hall. The French government bought his masterpiece snow of Luxembourg and collected it in the National Gallery of terbam. After liberation, most of his works were purchased by the state.

Model event

In 1914, Liu Haisu opened a class of body painting for the first time in his own Shanghai Art College. At first, he only hired boys as models. In 1917, the performance exhibition of Shanghai Academy of fine arts displayed human body exercises. The headmaster of a women's school reviled: "Liu Haisu is an art traitor, a thief in the education field." for a time, the public opinion circles were all in a row and attacked him. Liu Haisu simply called himself "art traitor", just like the precedent of western "Fauvism". On July 20, 1920, Chen Xiaojun, a female model, was employed. The naked girl appeared in the studio for the first time. However, the secular comments made Liu Haisu sad. Some people said: "there are three literary demons in Shanghai: one is Zhang Jingsheng, who advocates sexual knowledge; the other is Li Jinhui, who sings Maoyu; the third is Liu Haisu, who advocates being naked." What's more, he heard that Jiangsu Provincial Education Association would prohibit models from sketching. On August 22, 1925, he wrote an open letter to Jiangsu Provincial Education Association to defend models. After reading Liu Haisu's letter, Shanghai councilor Jiang huaisu wrote an article in Shenbao asking the authorities to severely punish Liu Haisu. Liu Haisu immediately wrote an article to refute it. Unexpectedly, Zhu Baosan, President of Shanghai General Chamber of Commerce and chairman of Zhengsu society, challenged him again. He published an open letter to Liu Haisu in the newspaper, calling Liu Haisu "inferior to animals".

Body sketching

One night, the studio of art school was destroyed by hooligans. Sun Chuanfang was also very angry with Liu Haisu. He immediately issued a secret order for Liu Haisu, and cabled Shanghai negotiator Xu Qiufeng and the consular corps to negotiate with the art academy in the French concession to arrest Liu Haisu. Kang Youwei, Liu Haisu's teacher, went to him three times a day to persuade him to leave Shanghai. He stuck to the art school. The French consul general held that Liu Haisu was not guilty. Although Xu Qiufeng repeatedly negotiated and did not arrest Liu Haisu, in order to let Sun Chuanfang go down the stairs, the consulate had to put a piece of news in the newspaper, saying that sun Chuanfang strictly prohibited models everywhere. Liu Haisu argued that he had violated dignity and had automatically stopped modeling.

This painter, Liu Haisu, was famous all over the world because of this incident. At that time, Master Liu, as a model and body painting specialist in Shanghai, caused material controversy and threats, and once issued a "I resist! I resist! Our school will never stop! I, Liu Haisu, live for art and die for art! I would rather die to uphold the truth and never be subjugated by the might ", which shows my artistic pursuit and determination not to compromise with the secular world.

In addition, in 1918, Liu Haisu drafted the rules of the field sketching group, and personally led the students to the West Lake of Hangzhou for sketching, which broke the traditional teaching standard of closed door painting

Chinese PinYin : Liu Hai Su