Liu Shu

Liu Shu

Liu Shu (1032-1078 A.D.), a native of Yunzhou (now Gao'an, Jiangxi Province), was born in the first year of Ming Dao of Renzong in Song Dynasty (1032), and died in the first year of shenzongyuanfeng (1078), aged 47.

Liu Shu is one of the Deputy editors of the general learning of Zizhi. Liu Huan, his father, is a good historian and he is also famous for his good history.

Main impact

Liu Shu, the original word, was from Junzhou. The father Huan character condenses, for the Yingshang order, to be upright can not matter the official, abandon. Home in the sun of Lushan, fifty years ago. Ouyangxiu and Huan, the same year, also high Festival, to make "Lushan Gao" poetry to be beautiful. Huan lived in Lushan for more than 30 years, and was surrounded by small traffic. Congee was a food. Besides the dust, he was beyond Qi Qi and Qi, and died.

With less understanding, reading is the reading. When he was eight, he said that Confucius had no brothers, he said, "with his brother's son's wife." A sit was amazing. In the 13th year, to take the course of science, the book of Han and Tang Dynasty was returned to the people who were not in the same period. Yan Shu, prime minister, asked about the matter and repeated the interrogation. He was not right. When he was in the great deer, he called to the government and gave the ceremony to make the story of spring and autumn, and the special relatives and officers were listening to. If you don't have a title, you will be able to give lectures to others. Only dozens of people will be called for the imperial edict. You will be forgiven to write the spring and Autumn Annals and the rites. First, you can introduce scholars and others. At last, you will decide to take your own ideas. If you ask you, you will be the first to ask for them. He also entered higher education, but the trial was not in the middle of the case, and the next national children tried to teach scriptures, and the first, so gave the first. The book of the Lord of the great deer, and the order of Sichuan, issued a strong Fu, and the officials could not think of it for a while. Forgive for the meaning of the people, urgent promise. The prefectures were impeached for their crimes, and all the officials were sitting in prison, and were not allowed to give their wives their own benefits. They were also transferred to the officials to make the deep and severe slander.

He is a good historian. From the official office of Taishi to the end of Zhou Xiande, from the biography to the private records, there is nothing to read. There are thousands of years of history, and the great and micro events are as follows. Simaguang compiled the book of general learning of the administration of capital, and the British Zong ordered the imperial master to choose the pavilion to be jointly trained. Guangyu said: "there are many scholars in the literature of Guange. As for the specialized history, the only one who has gained knowledge is Liu Shuer. That is, call as bureau staff, in case of historical affairs, and difficult to deal with, often with excuse. With respect to the later events of Wei and Jin, the best way to study and verify the difference is detailed.

Wang Anshi and it have the old, want to introduce three regulations. We should not learn from Jingu. Because the heaven and son belong to the public administration, we should restore the way of Zhang Yao and Shun to help the Ming Lord, and not to take advantage of it. And the order is even more law and does not accord with the hearts of the public, advise to restore the old, to the face to stab it, calm stone anger, change color as iron, forgive many flexion. Or thick people sit wide, resist the loss of its avoidance, so with it. Fang Anshi uses things to breathe into misfortune. The high-level scholars, who are different and attached to them, are all the same. We will not ignore it, and direct our attention to its affairs, and we can not find any gains or losses.

If you know Yongxing army, you will also be able to be old and ask for supervision of Nankang army wine to raise it. You may be a scholar. Judge the imperial stage of the West Beijing, please leave it for months. The road gets wind contracture, right hand foot is abandoned, but hard to learn as a result, few, often study books, disease is dying. Official to Secretary Cheng, death, 47.

Character evaluation

Liu Shu studies, from the calendar, the local, the official position, the family name to the previous generation of the official official documents, all to examine. Ask for books not far hundreds of miles, body read and copy, almost forget to sleep. He traveled to Wan'an mountain with simaguang. There was a monument beside the road. It was read by the five generations of generals. People who were unknown were not known. They were willing to say that they were always able to act and return to the old history and believe in it. Song Dynasty Taoism knows Bozhou, many books, and is free to borrow books in vain. The next day has a meal for the host ceremony, forgive to say: "this is not what I do, but I am not the exception of my business." I learned. The pavilion is closed alone. It is read by hand day and night. It is left for ten days. It is a shadow of the book. The book "the Ten Kingdoms of the Five Dynasties" is based on the compilation of the spring and Autumn period of the Sixteen Kingdoms, and also takes the current events from the ancient times to the king of Wei lie of Zhou Dynasty. The ones not contained in the historical records and the biography of the Zuo clan are the "general learning of foreign disciplines".

Family is poor, no purpose to give the will, a do not take in people. From south of the Luo, when winter, no cold. Simaguang left the clothing and socks and the yinmattress, and he was forced to accept the words and to leave, and to do and Ying, he was sealed and returned. He said, especially if he believed that nothing was necessary, he said, "if a man lives against a journey, he cannot lack anything, and he will abandon it. Will he follow himself?" Good attack on evil, every self litigation has 20 losses, eighteen cover, composition with the self-police, and can not be changed.

Seven years after death, Tongjian was completed, and his work was recorded. Xizhong, the son of the official, was zhailang, a suburban society. The second son and zhongyouchao are the best materials to write poems and poems, and they are eager to become a family. They are also chivalrous and die.

Life of the characters

Liu Shu offered officers for the first year of emperor you (1049), and he went to the county of Wengyuan. In 1066, the British emperor ordered simaguang to choose his own talents to compile the general learning of Zizhi. Simaguang recommended Liu Shu to work with him and turned to work as a Lang. Simaguang edited the general book of the Zizhi, and if it is difficult to deal with the historical problems, he will hand it to Liu Shu. At the time, there were three deputy editors who assisted simaguang, one was Liu Shu, one was Liu Wei and the other was fan Zuyu. In Han Dynasty, Liu Shu was divided into three kingdoms and North-South dynasties, and fan Zuyu in Tang Dynasty. (the book of study of county Zhai is 49 years old. This is from the history of Song Dynasty) less understanding, reading reading is the chant. Without a weak crown, the officers were promoted and the Secretary of the official was Prime Minister. Good history, simaguang compiled zizhitong, in case of the trouble and difficult to rule, often with the Commission. Wang Anshi is willing to introduce three regulations, and he will not learn to kill gold. Because of the words, Zhang Yao and Shun should not take the wealth as the first. Anshi changed color, and many people were forgiven to return to their relatives and old people and died at home. The book of works and the general catalogue of Siku, a general book of tongwaiji, were published in the world.

Liu Shu was very intelligent since he was a child, reading and reading. When he was eight, a guest said Confucius had no brothers. He immediately called the sentence "the wife of his brother's son" in Analects. He was surprised. He was familiar with scriptures when he was young. When he was 13, he wanted to take the exam in the science department. Once he visited Yan Shu, the prime minister, asked him for advice and repeatedly questioned him. Even the famous poet was asked. In the first year of emperor (1049), Liu Shudeng, 18, entered the ranks of the scholar. At that time, the emperor had an imperial edict, and the candidates who could speak the Scriptures played another name, and only dozens of candidates were responding to the imperial edict. Zhao Zhouhan, the examiner, asked Liu Shu 20 questions about spring and autumn and Li Ji. He answered the questions like a stream of answers, first talked about the sparse, then cited various views of the scholars, and finally expressed his own opinions. The examiner was greatly surprised and promoted him to be the first. Other articles are also listed as higher, but the test did not take part in the test, so he was asked to go to the national supervision to try the Scriptures, and ranked first, and was named Wang Yang Xing Beijing teacher for a while. In April of the third year of Zhiping (1066), simaguang began to study the general book of Zizhi. The British Zong ordered him to choose the talents of the pavilion as assistant. Liu Shu was selected first and moved to zorrang, and was specially engaged in the history Bureau. After simaguang resolutely opposed Wang Anshi's reform of the law, he came out of the Yongxing army. Liu Shu also offended Wang Anshi, who was unable to stay since he was a Beijing teacher. He asked Nankang (now Xingzi) to supervise the wine tax and return to his parents. In the last years of Xining, Liu Shu changed his post as secretary prime minister, and gave five goods to serve the color, and ordered him to study at home. In September, the first year of Yuanfeng (1078), Liu Shu died of wind contracture disease at the age of 47. His father Liu Huan buried him in the west of Xingzi City. In November of the eighth year of the Yuan Dynasty (1092), Xizhong, his son, was buried in Longquan, Dehua County, Jiangzhou, and invited Huang Tingjian, a literary writer of the Northern Song Dynasty, to write a epitaph for this purpose. Huang Tingjian wrote in the epitaph of liudaoyuan that the original heaven was quick and quick, reading the world records, without beauty and evil, and reading it. Since the book agreement, the success or failure of the disorder, the talent of the outstanding, astronomical geography clan from the origin, oral hand painting, through the records of 100 families, can be repeated without fallacy. In the 18th year of the first official year, the name of the officials was more important than the officials. Only when they were responsible for them, they refused to compromise the lower class. The people in the face were short and long, and they did not avoid the luxury and noble. They were all named by their names, which was not good. For officials, the strong old and the old traitors will suffer from pain and rope. For those who are capable of official for a while, they can not think of it.

Liu Shu is honest and upright, right and wrong. He has not tasted the dummy in words, and has his father's legacy. He had been the master of the deer and the magistrate of Sichuan. The historical records said that he was "strict book, Xu Li, widower and widower, cunning and delicate rope, slender and straight, which can be the law of later generations". Therefore, the officials who can be able to do so at a time think it is not as good as themselves. Politically, although he firmly opposed Wang Anshi's reform of the law, he did not, like some people, publicly approve, slander and speak up. He always refers to his affairs in the face, namely, yes, non-verbal and non-existent, and that there is no hidden discussion on its gain or loss. He is like a brother to the honest and honest, and he is as sick as a friend to those who are flattering and flattering. His family is very poor, but he is a pure official, and he does not take it in vain. He is known as an honest official with Bao Zheng, who does not hold a stone inkstone. Once he returned from Luoyang south, which was in the early winter, but there was no clothes to keep cold. On his way, simaguang gave him several sets of clothing and socks and an old leopard leather bed. He thanked him again and again. However, simaguang insisted on sending them, so he had to take them down. But he would give back all the money he gave to him next time he arrived in Yingzhou. Simaguang is his best friend, and he refuses to accept any clothes, so he is honest.

Liu Shu is not only honest and devoted to political affairs, but also has extensive reading and profound history. At that time, the historical books were not urgent in the imperial examination, and scholars did not read them. Liu Shu is a good historian and knows the historical events of thousands of years, no matter how detailed, he knows as much as he can. Please see the summary of Zhang Lei at that time: "since the book and deed, his study has governed the chaos of the country and the monarchy world (), and as for the famous things of the prefectures and rivers, for details, as for the time and time, we must know, and believe in the examination, and decide if we want to ask. His words are like the story of the inner chamber. " Such a knowledgeable talent Han color is rare. No wonder simaguang, who was 13 years younger than himself, had been advocating Liu Shu, who once said to Yingzong, "the scholar of Library and pavilion literature

Chinese PinYin : Liu Shu