Liu fenggao

Liu fenggao

Liu fenggao (1761-1830), named chengmu, was born in Guanquan village, Chishan Town, Shangli County, Pingxiang City, Jiangxi Province. In 1789 (the 54th year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty), Hu Changling, the Jinshi of Youke, was the third person in the list (Wen Tanhua). Qianlong called Liu fenggao "the great weapon of Jiangxi Province", and more people called him "the talented man of Jiangxi Province".

His works include 32 volumes of cunhuizhai collection, 74 volumes of notes to historical records of the Five Dynasties and four volumes of supplement to Jiangxi classics.

Liu fenggao was granted the title of Prince Shaobao during the reign of Emperor Qianlong, and served as the Minister of the four departments of Li, Hu, Li and Bing, also known as Qing er. Liu fenggao was the chief examiner in Hubei, Shandong and Jiangnan, and the scholar of politics in Guangxi, Shandong and Zhejiang. In 1821 (the first year of Daoguang), he went home to recuperate due to illness. In 1830, he died in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province.

Life of the characters

Liu fenggao, named chengmu, is a native of Guanquan village, Chishan Town, Shangli County, Pingxiang City, Jiangxi Province. He was born in 1761. He lost his mother in his early years and was eager to learn. Liu fenggao was brilliant in his childhood, and was known as "Jiangxi's great tool".

In 1779 (the 44th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong), Ju Ren.

In 1789 (the 54th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong), Liu fenggao's composition was slow, and he didn't finish it at dusk. According to the rules, the supervisor should take back the examination papers and finish the examination. Chang Qing, the Minister of rites present, said that Liu fenggao's calligraphy was excellent. He authorized him to finish the final chapter and ordered him to light a candle. In this year, the imperial examination granted Liu fenggao the third Jinshi and the Imperial Academy editor.

In 1791 (the 56th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong), Liu fenggao was awarded the second class in the imperial examination of Beijing and Chahar.

In 1792 (the 57th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong), Liu fenggao was appointed as the governor of Guangxi's academic administration with a bachelor's degree.

In 1799 (the fourth year of Jiaqing), Liu fenggao's father Ding was worried. After three years of service, he returned to Beijing and served as the editor of the record of Emperor Qianlong. The next year, he was the chief examiner of Hubei provincial examination.

In 1801 (the sixth year of Jiaqing), Liu fenggao offered wine to the Imperial Academy, Taichang Siqing, deputy chief editor of Qianlong emperor's memoir, and compiled the history of the country. He served as the chief examiner of Shandong provincial examination, and also as the academic administrator of Shandong Province. The emperor Jiaqing said: "it's your specialty to judge articles and select scholars; it's very important to straighten out the style of scholars and make Shandong belong to the style of writing in Yongzheng period; as for the good or bad years, whether the officials are virtuous or not, we should report them directly, don't hide them; the above things should be handled carefully and properly, and work hard."

In 1802 (the seventh year of Jiaqing), Liu fenggao was promoted to cabinet bachelor and Minister of rites. In the same year, Liu fenggao played: Jining Prefecture belongs to Jinxiang County. As a great grandson of a soap worker, a child was found guilty of taking the exam. However, Wang tingkai, the county magistrate, did not make a detailed investigation and allowed him to take the exam. Wang Bin, the county magistrate, refused to make a trial according to the accusation and detained the child, which led to people's dissatisfaction and gave up the exam. Emperor Jiaqing ordered the county magistrate to be dismissed and handed over to the governor for justice. Soon after, Wang Yong gave a lecture: the trial officer extorted the plaintiff's confession by torture, and Li Changqing, Wu Sheng, went to the capital inspection court to sue. As Liu fenggao once played on this matter, he was asked to continue to verify and play again. Liu fenggao found out the truth, and played: the trial officer sheltered the defendant, but punished the plaintiff, and implicated many people; instead of dismissing the magistrate, he asked the magistrate to take revenge on the plaintiff under the pretext of killing locusts. At the same time, he accused Liu fenggao of failing to report to the police in time. Liu fenggao was moved to be the right servant of the military department, and later he was promoted to be the left servant.

In 1804 (the ninth year of Jiaqing), Liu fenggao became the vice president of the museum. Later, because of the false impeachment and memorials, he was demoted by the Ministry. He was awarded by Emperor Jiaqing as a supplement to the cabinet bachelor and the editor in chief of the record hall.

In 1805 (the 10th year of Jiaqing period), Liu fenggao was demoted to stay in office because he deleted the record without authorization.

In May 1806 (the 11th year of Jiaqing), Liu fenggao was promoted to be the right servant of the military department and vice president of full record. In October, he was transferred to the right Minister of the Ministry of official affairs.

In 1807 (the 12th year of Jiaqing), the record of Emperor Qianlong was completed, and Liu fenggao was awarded the title of Prince Shaobao. At that time, he was known as Liu Jinmen. In August of the same year, he served as the chief examiner of Jiangnan Rural examination as the Minister of the Ministry of officials, and supervised the academic administration of Zhejiang Province. Liu fenggao paid attention to classics and changed his old bad habits. Liu fenggao and the Minister of the Ministry of official played together: the Imperial Academy and the Yamen's system of reporting illness and canceling leave is very different. It is exactly the same after the examination and verification by Dong Gao. Therefore, Liu fenggao was reprimanded by Emperor Jiaqing and was demoted to stay in office. Later, he was demoted to three levels to stay in office because he recklessly guaranteed the guilty officials.

In the autumn of 1808 (the 13th year of Jiaqing), Liu fenggao was sent to Heilongjiang Province in October because he took the place of Ruan Yuan, the governor of Zhejiang Province. After Liu fenggao was stationed in Heilongjiang, he was placed in Qiqihar. Because Liu fenggao was famous early, he went from general Binjing in Heilongjiang Province to general officials and soldiers, who were "respected by Xianbin". He had a close relationship with the silver storehouse principal and Manchu scholar in the Western Qing Dynasty.

In 1810 (the 15th year of Jiaqing), the Western Qing Dynasty wrote Heilongjiang waiji. Liu fenggao wrote a preface for it, pointing out that the book "the style of the book is important, and it is useless not to do it." He also had a close relationship with the exiles, such as Cheng Yu and Dai Xianggu.

At the turn of the summer and autumn in 1812 (the 17th year of Jiaqing), Liu fenggao and Zeng daibinjing wrote the book of thanks for the imperial Nanyuan poetry. When he read Xie Zhe, Emperor Jiaqing concluded that it was not written by Binjing, and said to his officials, "this is Liu fenggao's writing." He also said: "his writing is more and more superior to that of the past. It can be said that he began to work in poverty."

At the beginning of 1813 (the 18th year of Jiaqing), Liu fenggao was appointed by bin Jing to handle the case of the armed uprising of moving slaves to the city of mergen. He was the vice capital of mergen. Ming De criticized that there was a "confession of religion". However, the Qing court sent officials to examine the case and found that fenggao had no personal malpractice and was not punished. In May of the same year, fenggao was pardoned.

In 1818 (the 23rd year of Jiaqing), after Liu fenggao returned to his hometown, he was used as a editor.

In 1821 (the 25th year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty, the first year of Daoguang in Xuanzong), Liu fenggao suffered from eye disease and went to Yangzhou to raise him.

In the first month of 1830 (the tenth year of Daoguang), Liu fenggao died of illness in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, at the age of 70.

Later generations hung couplets in the ancestral hall of Liu clan in yuanpi, Pingxiang County, Jiangxi Province: "Gong Bao rewarded Yong, Li, Hu, Li and Bing Qing; Ding Kui was born in Chu, Qi, Wu and Yue Wenheng." This couplet summarizes Liu fenggao's life. Liu fenggao was granted the title of Prince Shaobao, and served as the Minister of the four departments of Li, Hu, Li and Bing, also known as Qing er. Liu fenggao was Qianlong's flower exploration. He was once the chief examiner of Hubei, Shandong and Jiangnan, and the scholar of Guangxi, Shandong and Zhejiang. He weighed and selected the literati, and his reputation spread far and wide.

Anecdotes of characters

Skillful couplet

< one >

Liu fenggao was listed in the list of the first ten volumes recommended to the emperor by the examiners and presented to the emperor. Emperor Qianlong listened to the imperial examination, and the official read it. He praised Liu fenggao's talent and learning very much, so he passed it on to Liu fenggao for an interview. When Emperor Qianlong looked at Liu fenggao's face, he was stunned for a moment. Why? It turns out that Liu fenggao is not very good-looking, especially because he is a lone eye. Emperor Qianlong thought: if you want to take him, this one eye is really ugly; if you don't take him, all officials will laugh at me for judging people by their appearance. After pondering for a long time, he said to Liu fenggao, "I want to test you face to face. If you are really brilliant, I will definitely hit you. If you are mediocre, I will not blame you for being merciless." "I will do it! Your majesty, please Liu fenggao replied. Emperor Qianlong said, "good! I have a couplet here. You have to check the couplets. " Then he read: "one eye can't be on the gold list." after hearing this, Liu fenggao thought, your emperor should judge people by their appearance. He thought for a moment, and immediately said: "half a month still shines on heaven and earth." "good! That's right. I'll give you another copy.

Another one

：

“

East Qiming, West Changgeng, South jibeidou, who is the star picking Han?

”Liu fenggao, a talented man, responded immediately

"Peony in spring, peony in summer, chrysanthemum in autumn and plum in winter, tanhualang in Chenben."

One with "East, West, North and South" four stars ingeniously strange topic, the son of heaven, extraordinary momentum, one with "spring, summer, autumn and winter" four seasons famous flowers to deal with, especially the last three words "tanhualang" pun, it is amazing. When Emperor Qianlong heard this, he could not help but feel happy because of his neat and harmonious rhythm. He laughed and said, "OK! I will help you. " Liu fenggao was admitted to the third place of Tanhua.

< 2 >

In 1796 (the first year of Jiaqing), on the first day of the first month, Qianlong held a great ceremony of inner Zen. Jiaqing ascended the throne of emperor, honoring Qianlong as the supreme emperor. It is said that Jiaqing celebrated the emperor's birthday and ordered Liu fenggao to join the Five Dynasties of Shunzhi, Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong and Jiaqing. Liu fenggao made a set of inlaid couplets: "following the heaven, keeping the people healthy, being Yong, ran, Qian, Jian, and Jia forever; ruling the country and Xi things, it is long en that celebrates ten thousand years." The Five Dynasties' year names were inserted into the couplet in a regular way, which was perfect and appropriate, and it was a good story for a time.

Distribution frontier

In 1809 (the fourteenth year of Jiaqing), the imperial censor impeached Liu fenggao to take charge of the imperial examination. He went to the number room of the examination room to talk about the examination questions for the examinees, and also printed the joint number for the students. Once the pilot test, he bribed the imperial Examiners. This is the case.

In 1808 (the 13th year of Jiaqing), Enke, at that time, Liu fenggao was supervising the school in Zhejiang as a minister of the Ministry of officials. There was an academic official who came from a salt merchant. He bribed all the officials who presided over the local examination for his son's success. When you meet Ruan Yuan, governor of Zhejiang Province, please let Liu fenggao invigilate you. Therefore, before the examination, he submitted the two manuscripts to Liu fenggao for revision, in order to draw up the top of the official's son's high school.

Unexpectedly, this matter revealed, many candidates have different opinions. Without waiting for the announcement, the candidates have

Chinese PinYin : Liu Feng Gao