Liu Tiren

Liu Tiren

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Liu Tiren (1617-1676), the word Gongyong (the original word is zuoyongyouge), Gongyi and gongzhe, named Pu'an, was a member of Yingchuan Wei in the late Ming Dynasty (now Funan County, Fuyang City, Anhui Province, Yingchuan Wei was set up in the Ming Dynasty, and the Wei was located in Fuyang City, Henan Province, under the command of the Department, military status, hereditary).

Profile

Poets in Qing Dynasty. Qing Shunzhi 12 years (1655) Jinshi, the Ministry of officials in charge. Poetry and prose, good landscape, desolate and broad, send Xing naive. The painter of domestic animals is the one who catches knives on his behalf, so do not worry about the real works when he asks for the paintings. And play than its painting for rabbit hair brown. The real is better than the fake. He is fond of appreciating antiquity, painting and distinguishing. There is a library called "Qisong hall" with a collection of more than 20000 volumes. There are many kinds of inscriptions in the Song Dynasty, such as thirty poems of the Tang Dynasty, which Fu Zengxiang once bought and collected and called "there is no second book in the world". There are also song and Shu editions of Yuan Hui's anthology, Quan Zai's anthology and Huangfu Zhizheng's anthology. Qu Yong in Changshu also has his old collections of Liu Wenfang, Liu mengde and Yao Shaojian's poems. The book collection is printed with "Yingzhou jikaogong book collection seal", "Liu Tiren", "gonggu" and so on. Liu fan, his son, recalled that he was "tranquil in nature, only fond of collecting classics", and discussed with Liang Qingbiao, sun Chengze and other well-known book collectors to identify the true and false. His works include 1 volume of qisongtang zhixiaolu, 10 volumes of qisongtang poetry anthology, 2 volumes of qisongtang anthology, qisongtang essays, qisongtang CI Yi, Pu'an anthology, etc. He is the author of shixiaolu, qisongtang collection and Pu'an collection. (the collection of paintings in the Guochao period, the continued compilation of the treasure book of paintings, the biography of poetry anthologies in the liechao period, the record of Juyi period, the history of painters' poetry in the Qing Dynasty)

Family background

Liu Tiren's family is a famous family in Yingzhou and its south (Funan County today) in Ming and Qing Dynasties. According to Liu's genealogy of Taiqiu, Liu's ancestors lived in Qihe village, beibaoshan (now Mangshan town), Yongcheng County, Henan Province, near taiqiuji. In the spring and Autumn period, it was the capital of Taiqiu in the Song Dynasty, and Taiqiu County in the Western Han Dynasty, so it was called "Liu family of Taiqiu". According to the genealogy of Liu family in Taiqiu, which was printed in 1998, "Liu Shun, the ancestor of Liu, was originally from Hongdong County, Shanxi Province. Kunzhong and his family moved around to avoid the rebellion at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. One of them lived in Jiangxi Province and was called Liu family in Jiangxi Province. The other lived in Yongcheng city and was called Liu family in Taiqiu." Liu Shun served as the commander of Li, and had three sons and one daughter. His second son Liu Fengxian joined the army in 1383. In 1399, he joined the "Jingnan battle" launched by Zhu Di, the first year of Jianwen. In the second year of Jianwen, he attacked Datong to raise the small flag (10 soldiers), Jinan to raise the general flag (112 soldiers), and in the third year of Jianwen, he was promoted to 100 families (112 soldiers) In Nanjing, Emperor Jianwen was overthrown. On November 26, he was promoted to general Wuliu (military officer from Wupin) and Deputy Qianhu (with a troop of 1120) in Weizhong, Henan Province. In the 11th year of Yongle, Liu Feng died in Dong'e county at the age of 50. Yingzhou (Fuyang) Liu known as the first ancestor. In the 13th year of Yongle (1415), Liu Gang, the eldest son of Liu Fengxian, attacked Deputy Qianhu and died three years later. Liu Ying, the second son of Liu Fengxian, attacked Deputy Qianhu. In the eighth year of Xuande (1433), Liu Ying was transferred to be the hereditary governor of Yingchuan Wei (the governor of Wei Zhen Fu took the post of Wupin). In the tenth year of Xuande, he built a manor in Wulibao, East and south of the city, and settled in Yingzhou from then on. Wei Suo system is a unique military system in the Ming Dynasty. Generally, one government set up a post, and even one government set up a guard. The commander of the Department of defense is one commander, two commanders and four commanders. There are only one person in one thousand households and two deputy thousand households in one thousand households. There are no fixed number of members in one hundred households. Some of the guards set up such officials as Zhenfu inspector. In order to avoid the hidden danger of powerful officials holding power and enlisting soldiers, the local government and military power are separated. Yingchuanwei is located in the city of Yingzhou, which is under the jurisdiction of Fengyang Prefecture in Nanjing, but yingchuanwei is under the jurisdiction of Kaifeng City in Henan Province because it is a military institution. The registered residence system in Ming Dynasty was very strict in the control of military status. One soldier was a soldier in the Wei's army. He was inherited from the army. He was a soldier in the army. If Liu Gang inherited vice Qian Hu and died without an heir, the Liu family took Liu Ying, Liu Gang's younger brother, as the military household. Although Liu Tiren's family lived in Yingzhou, it was not a military household, but because Liu Ying, the forefather of Liu Tiren's family who first moved to Yingzhou, was a military member of yingchuanwei, he often called himself "yingchuanren". Liu Han, the fourth generation ancestor of Liu Tiren, attacked general Wu Lue and commander of yingchuanwei (zhengwupin). During his three years in office, he built a manor in liaohuazhou, northwest of Yingzhou. From the fifth to the eighth, they all attacked yingchuanwei, a military strategist. in the Ming Dynasty, the garrison system guaranteed its self-sufficiency by military garrison and the source of soldiers by hereditary. As early as the late Yongle period, the garrison system began to be destroyed, and there was a shortage of grain. In order to break away from the bondage of military status for generations, the sergeants kept on fleeing. In order to solve the problem of military strength, the conscription system was continuously developed. In the late Ming Dynasty, the system of Wei Suo was even weaker. In 1596, the eighth Liu Tingfan inherited the Wei Zhenfu of Yingchuan. After his death in 1596, Liu's descendants had no hereditary military position. Although the system of Garrison has not been abolished, the battalion formed by the conscription system has become the main force of the army, which is a great change of the military system in the Ming Dynasty. in the early Ming Dynasty, due to the need of war and military garrison, the army was in a high position, and the military officials were more important than the civil officials. With the development of natural economy and official system, the military position was managed by the Ministry of war and military branch in the dynasty, and restricted by the supervisor (mostly eunuch) and governor outside. The status of military position declined, and the status of civil minister increased day by day. According to the records in the genealogy of Liu family in Taiqiu, the fourth Liu Dynasty was granted the title of Cheng of Xin'an County in Baoding Prefecture of Zhili by the supervisor of Li According to the investigation, "Rujian" is one of the names of Guozijian in Ming Dynasty, which began in 1450. All the children who did not go to school became Guozijian through Nasu, Nama and Nayin. It can be seen that Liu Han, the eldest son of Liu Yu of the third generation, inherited the weizhenfu of Yingchuan and sent Liu Chao, the second son of Liu Yu who had never been studying, to the Guozijian to study by donating money and food. This is a high starting point for children's education. Liu Chao was awarded the title of Cheng of Xin'an County (zhengbapin) after he started his career in Guozijian. Later, he was promoted to magistrate of Xingning county (zhengqipin). He retired in 1511. Liu Qiguan of the fifth generation had a meal in the palace of the king, Liu Yizheng of the sixth generation was the official of Chaocheng County of Shandong Province, with nine ranks. Although one of the fourth, fifth and sixth generations of Liu of Yingchuan had stepped into the ranks of civil servants with lower ranks, generally speaking, his education level was not high, and there was no record of taking part in the imperial examination. However, after three generations of persistent education, the Liu family finally made great achievements. In 1582, Liu Jiuguang took part in Henan provincial examination, Yiwei joint examination and palace examination. In the same year, Liu's family worked in xuejiadian (now Funan County), 60 Li south of the county Liu Zhai manor was built, with a land area of more than 800 mu (according to Liu Yongjin, a descendant of the Liu family, who owned more than 2000 mu during the land reform). According to the first volume of Funan literature and history materials in 1986, an interview with the 87 year old Liu Tianzeng, the descendant of Liu Tiren, and a number of Liu's descendants was made. Liu Jiuchou, the grandfather of Mr. Liu Tiren, lived in the area of Xueji Liuzhai and huilongji in Funan, where his grandson, the clan leader and his family lived. Liu family of Yingzhou, from the 16th year of Ming Hongwu (1383) when Liu Feng first joined the army to the 8th generation of Liu Tingfan. Liu Jiuguang of the seventh generation was elected in the early Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, and Liu Yongxi of the eighteenth generation was elected as a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty through County examination, government examination, and hospital examination. During the more than 300 years in Yingzhou, Chengzhou, and Chengnan (today's Funan County), there were seven scholars, 12 Juren, and 53 Gongsheng among the twelve generations of Liu. What is more worth mentioning is that Liu's scholars created four "three character" miracles: first, "compatriots three Phoenix": Liu Jiuguang's grandson, Liu Tingshi's three sons in Yingzhou City, Liu zhuangguo's second son in the fifth year of the reign of qingshunzhi, Liu zuolin's eldest son in the eighth year of the reign of Shunzhi, and Liu Jikuan's third son in the eleventh year of the reign of Shunzhi. After the third middle school, someone sent a plaque saying "compatriots three Phoenix". 2、 "Three Jinshi on the same list": Liu Jin, the son of Liu tiqian, and Liu zuolin and Liu zhuangguo, had won the same list in 1659. At that time, there were only 200 Jinshi in the palace examination list, and Liu's three were on the same list, which was a miracle. 3、 "Three generations of the same material": in the city of Yingzhou, the tenth generation of Liu Bian, his ancestor Liu Tinggui and uncle Liu Jikuan were named "three generations of the same material". 4、 According to Liu's genealogy, Liu Fan was the eldest son of Liu Tiren. He was the magistrate of Mengxian County, Henan Province, the doctor of the Ministry of war and the Ministry of rites, the Taoist priest of Shaanxi Province, and the Jinshi (congsipin). In 1703, he was granted the title of Fengzheng official and Zhengzhi Shangqing (second rank of Xunzhi). In the sixth year of Kangxi, he and his father Liu Tiren were the third grade officials when they moved to Jixun of the Ministry of official affairs and became the doctor of the Department of official affairs of the Qing Dynasty. After that, they got good results in the examination. Their merit rating was increased by one grade, from Liu jiuguangxun to the second grade. According to the examination, Liu Tiren was a doctor, and he was one of the four grades. In order to rank from the third grade, Liu could only be the second grade. with the reform of the military system in Ming Dynasty, the Wei system declined, and the hereditary military system gradually ended. The descendants of Liu family in Yingzhou, including the manors in the south of the city (today's Funan), turned to cultural and educational investment in time, and achieved fruitful results, forming the family style of studying and studying, improving the cultural quality of Liu's descendants, and boosting the prosperity of Yingzhou's literary style in Ming and Qing Dynasties effect.

Deeds

When Liu Tiren was young, he was smart and said, "just Fu Jingshi and recite at a glance.". In his 11

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