Curling

Curling

This data is reviewed by the project of data compilation and application of Science Encyclopedia of science popularization in China.

Curling, also known as curling, is a kind of throwing competition on the ice with the team as the unit. It is known as "chess" on the ice. It tests the physical and mental abilities of the participants, shows the beauty of movement and static, and the wisdom of choice. It belongs to the winter Olympic Games.

Curling originated in Scotland in the 14th century. In 1795, the first Curling Club was founded in Scotland. In 1927, Canada held its first national curling competition, and curling was introduced to Asia in 1955. In 1924, curling was included in the first Winter Olympic Games as a performance item.

The highest organization of curling is the World Curling Federation, which was founded on April 1, 1966 and is headquartered in the UK. The organization of Chinese curling is China Curling Association, which was founded on October 12, 2004 and is located in Beijing.

Project history

Curling originated in Scotland in the 14th century. In Scotland, the stone bearing the inscription "1511" is still preserved.

In the middle of the 16th century, the earliest curling competition appeared.

In the 18th century, with the introduction of British immigrants to North America.

In 1795, the first Curling Club was founded in Scotland.

In 1838, the famous Scottish Curling Club, founded in the early 19th century, formulated formal rules for the sport.

In 1924, with the efforts of British and French fans, curling was included in the first Winter Olympic Games as a performance item.

In 1927, Canada held its first national curling competition, then known as the MacDonald brier championship.

On March 1, 1965, sponsored by the Royal Curling Club of England, an international curling conference was held in Perth, Scotland, with the participation of representatives from Scotland, Canada, the United States, Norway and Switzerland.

In March 1966, the second international curling conference was held in Vancouver, Canada.

In 1967, the draft organization and constitution of the international curling Federation was approved in Perth.

In 1968, the international curling Federation held its annual meeting in Quebec, Canada. The meeting passed new rules and decided to hold the World Curling Championships instead of the Scottish Cup.

In 1975, in order to further promote the development of curling and expand its influence, the international curling Federation decided to hold the world youth curling championship.

In 1980, the MacDonald brier championship was renamed labattbrier championship.

In 1988, the young women's championship was approved.

In 1989, in order to standardize the World Curling Championships, the international curling Federation decided to merge the world men's Curling Championships, the world women's Curling Championships, the world young men's Curling Championships and the world young women's Curling Championships into two series, namely the World Curling Championships (WCC) and the world youth Curling Championships (WJCC).

In 1991, the international curling Federation was officially named the World Curling Federation, which was recognized by the International Olympic Committee.

On July 21, 1992, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) adopted the resolution to include curling in the Winter Olympic Games at the Barcelona conference in Spain.

The IOC meeting was held in Lausanne from June 19 to 22, 1993. At this meeting, the International Olympic Committee approved curling as an official event of the 18th Winter Olympic Games.

In 2000, Harbin curling team, the first curling team in China, was established.

In 2002, curling has developed to more than 50 countries and regions, of which 39 countries and regions have joined the World Curling Federation.

In 2003, the first national brand team was born. In the same year, China joined the World Curling Federation. Since then, Chinese athletes have appeared in the World Curling arena. curling

hardware requirements

The curling venue is 44.5 meters long and 4.32 meters wide (counting from the inner edge of the wooden frame). At one end of the ice track, a circle with a diameter of 1.83 meters is drawn as the player's service area, which is called home plate. There is also a circle at the other end of the ice road, which is called barracks. There are 2-inch-high and 4-inch-wide wooden frames around the site to prevent the stones from slipping out of the boundary. There are six horizontal lines parallel to the end line in the field, the two in the middle are called avant-garde lines, also known as hurdle lines, and the two at both ends are called guard lines. The width of the forward line is 4 inches and the width of the back line is 1 inch. In the middle of the forward line and the back line, there is a crisscross line, called the center line, also known as the T-line. The intersection of the center line of the circle is the center of the camp. Take the center point as the center of the circle, draw a concentric circle with a radius of 0.15m, 0.61m, 1.22m and 1.83M respectively. The outer two circles are painted blue, and the inner two circles are painted red. There are two 2-inch-high inclined rubber skids installed at both ends of the field 1.22 meters away from the end line. The throwing of the stone starts from here. The rubber part of the lifting carriage shall be tightly fixed on wood or other materials. The length of the lifting carriage shall not exceed 8 inches, and the inner side shall be 3 inches from the center line.

During the competition, athletes should wear sports clothes and shoes (or shoe covers). The bottom of the two feet of the competition shoes (or shoe covers) are different. The bottom of the ice skates is rubber, while the bottom of the sliding shoes is plastic.

The standard stone used in the skating competition is made of granite stone without mica produced in Scotland. The stone has a diameter of 29 cm, a thickness of 11.5 cm and a weight of 19 kg. Curling ground

Rules of the game

Curling competition, each game by two teams against each other, each team consists of four players. There are 10 games in the competition. Each player of the two teams has two curls, that is, two chances to throw the ball. The two teams throw the ball alternately according to the order of first base, second base, third base and main players. When one player throws the ball, two players hold brushes to quickly brush the ice surface left and right in front of the curling slide, so that the curling can accurately reach the center of the camp. At the same time, in order to keep the curling away from the center of the circle, the opposing team members can also wipe the ice surface in front of the curling.

When the player throws the ball, he squats down, pedals the ice, and pushes forward on the kicker to make his body slide forward in kneeling style. At the same time, he pushes the ball forward from the center of the home plate with a curler in his hand. When he reaches the avant-garde line, he releases the curler to slide to the center of the camp in a straight or arc track. When the bowler tries to slide the curling to the center of the circle, he can also use the curling to knock the opponent's curling out of the camp or his own curling into the center of the camp under the command of the main players. Finally, when the players of both sides finish all the curling, the distance between the curling on the field and the center of the camp circle will decide the outcome. The team with more points will win with 1 point per stone.

The game is divided into two teams. Each team has four players. Each team throws the stone ball in turn. Before the game, the player whose throwing point is close to the center of the circle will throw the stone ball first. Each game ends after each team throws alternately, each team throws two balls separately, and each team throws 16 balls in total.

The general should lead the game. When the players throw the ball, the general should hold the ice brush as the target. The general should also indicate the direction of rotation of the stone ball and the distance to slide, and make the players understand the purpose of throwing the ball, so that the ice brush can decide how to brush the ice, because the ice brush can increase the sliding distance of the stone ball and reduce the curvature of the road.

When the player throws the ball, he squats down, pedals the ice, and pushes forward on the kicker to make his body slide forward in kneeling style. At the same time, he pushes the ball forward from the center of the home plate with a curler in his hand. When he reaches the avant-garde line, he releases the curler to slide to the center of the camp in a straight or arc track. When the bowler tries to slide the curling to the center of the circle, he can also use the curling to knock the opponent's curling out of the camp or his own curling into the center of the camp under the command of the main players. Finally, when the players of both sides finish all the curling, the distance between the curling on the field and the center of the camp circle will decide the outcome. The team with more points will win with 1 point per stone.

The game is divided into two teams. Each team has four players. Each team throws the stone ball in turn. Before the game, the player whose throwing point is close to the center of the circle will throw the stone ball first. Each game ends after each team throws alternately, each team throws two balls separately, and each team throws 16 balls in total. The game is divided into two teams. Each team has four players. Each team throws the stone ball in turn. Before the game, the player whose throwing point is close to the center of the circle will throw the stone ball first. Each game ends after each team throws alternately, each team throws two balls separately, and each team throws 16 balls in total.

The general should lead the game. When the players throw the ball, the general should hold the ice brush as the target. The general should also indicate the direction of rotation of the stone ball and the distance to slide, and make the players understand the purpose of throwing the ball, so that the ice brush can decide how to brush the ice, because the ice brush can increase the sliding distance of the stone ball and reduce the curvature of the road.

Two sets of stone balls, eight in each group, should be colored so that they can be easily identified at the other end of the ice track. Traditionally, in the first inning, a team that does not have the right to throw the last ball can choose its ball color.

During the competition, athletes should wear sports clothes and shoes (or shoe covers). The bottom of the two feet of the competition shoes (or shoe covers) are different. The bottom of the ice skates is rubber, while the bottom of the sliding shoes is plastic. The standard stone used in the skating competition is made of granite stone without mica produced in Scotland.

Player position

In order to avoid crowding, the rules of the game also stipulate the position of players

1. Non throwing team: the main general and the deputy general can

Chinese PinYin : Bing Hu