Wang Xun

Wang Xun

Wang Yu (349 - June 24, 400) was born in Linyi, Shandong Province. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, he was a minister, calligrapher, the grandson of Prime Minister Wang Dao and the son of Wang Qian.

Wang Xun was born in the Wang family of Langya. He was the chief of the great Sima (Huanwen) at the beginning. He was deeply respected by Huanwen. He moved to Langxie Wang you, the commander of the Chinese Army (huanchong), and served as the Minister of Huangmen. Taifu xie'an was in power and was appointed Secretary Supervisor. Learned from Sima Yao, Emperor Xiaowu of Jin Dynasty, he became a confidant minister. He moved Zuo pushe and general Zhenglu to lead Prince Zhan. In the first year of Long'an (397), he was ordered to move to Shangshu. When Sima Daozi attacked Wang Gong, he served as the general of Wei and the commander of Langya. If you are meritorious in pacifying the chaos, you should be a regular servant. In the fourth year of Long'an (400), Wang Xun died at the age of 52. He was given the title of "Xianmu" and the title of "Xianmu" as a gift to Si Tu. He has eleven volumes.

Wang Xun was skilled in calligraphy, and Dong Qichang called him "natural and elegant, elegant and elegant in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, just like his eyes." His masterpiece boyuantie is a rare authentic work of calligraphy in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the only authentic work of the Wang family in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. It has been regarded as a rare treasure by calligraphers, collectors and connoisseurs.

Life of the characters

Stepping into official career

Wang Yu, born in the Wang family of Langya, was the grandson of Prime Minister Wang Dao and the son of Wang Qian, the leader of the Chinese army. At first, he was the subordinate of Huan Wen, and his colleague Xie Xuan was respected by Huan Wen. Later, he became the chief bookkeeper. At that time, Huan Wen was carrying out the northern expedition, and the confidential affairs in the army were all handled by Wang Xun. Tens of thousands of people in the army knew him.

In the fourth year of Taihe (369), Yuan Zhen, the governor of Yuzhou, was unwilling to be accused by Huan Wen. He was forced to bear the responsibility for the failure of Huan Wen's third northern expedition. Because the court did not deal with his lawsuit, he defected to Qianyan. At that time, Wang Zhen also took part in the Crusade and pacified the rebellion in the sixth year of Taihe (371). Wang Zhen was the Marquis of Dongting for his meritorious service. Later, he was transferred to Da Sima and Wang you. After the death of Huan Wen in the first year of Ningkang (373), Wang Zhen was transferred to the post of commander of huanchong, a general of the Chinese army, and served as a servant of Huangmen.

Wang and Xie are enemies

At that time, Wang Yu married Xie Wan's daughter, and his younger brother Wang Min also married Xie an's daughter. Although he was married to the Xie family, they were suspicious of each other. Later, Xie an divorced them, and the Wang and Xie families became enemies. At that time, xie'an was in charge of the country. Under his will, Wang Xun was appointed as the governor of Yuzhang. Wang Xun didn't want to go far away, so he didn't take office. After that, he was appointed as a general servant, but Wang didn't accept the appointment.

Filial piety and martial arts

In 385, Xie an died. After that, Wang Xun was transferred to serve as a servant, and he was highly depended on by Sima Yao, Emperor Xiaowu of Jin Dynasty. Later, he was appointed as the general of the auxiliary state and the internal history of the state of Wu.

In September of the 15th year of the Taiyuan Dynasty (390), Wang Xun was called up to be the minister's right servant to lead the official affairs.

In September of the 16th year of the Taiyuan Dynasty (391), Wang Zhen was transferred to the position of zuobushe, the Minister of state. He recruited general Lu and led Prince Zhan.

Wang Xun, Yin Zhongkan, Xu Miao, Wang Gong and Xi Hui were deeply treated by Emperor Xiaowu for their talents and articles. However, Wang Guobao and others attached to the assistant government of Kuaiji King Sima Daozi at this time, and the relationship between Sima Daozi and Emperor Xiaowu was once at a crossfire. Emperor Xiaowu worried that if he died, there would be trouble in the court. He ordered Wang Gong and Xi Hui to serve as the governor of Yanzhou and Yongzhou respectively. Yin Zhongkan was responsible for herding Jingzhou as a foreign aid, and left Wang Xun as an important minister in the court.

Like Hu Guang

In 396, Emperor Xiaowu was killed by his favorite concubine Zhang Guiren. The mourning volume and posthumous title in the ceremony were drafted by Wang Zhen. At that time, Wang Gong went to the mausoleum and was dissatisfied with Wang Guobao's disorderly administration, so he deliberately set out to kill Wang Guobao. But at that time, Wang Xun stopped him and said that Wang Guobao's evil had not been revealed, and only when people's hearts were all evil did he comply with people's hearts and kill him, which was all right. At that time, Wang Gong also worried about Yu Kai, the governor of Yuzhou, who was a member of Wang Guobao, so he gave up his mind. However, Wang Xun advised Wang Gongjing to observe the incident and hold on for the time being. Wang Gong gave up the preparation to get rid of Wang Guobao. Later, Wang Gong said to Wang Yu, "recently, I think you are too much like Hu Guang." Wang said: "because of the dispute in front of emperor Hui, Chen Ping was always careful and silent. You just see the result."

In the first month of the first year of Long'an (397), Wang Xun was appointed minister. In the same year, Wang Gong, supported by Yin Zhongkan, the governor of Jingzhou, set up an army against him. At that time, although Wang Xun was appointed as a minister, because emperor Xiaowu was suddenly killed, he failed to write a final imperial edict to take Wang Xun as a minister for his life. Therefore, Wang Xun only acted because of him and did not say a word. At that time, Sima Daozi asked Wang Xun if he knew that Wang Gong and Yin Zhongkan had fought. Wang Xun deliberately said that he had not participated in the imperial government, so he would not know about their fighting.

When Wang Guobao knew that Wang Gong was attacking himself, he was terrified, so Wang Xu advised Wang Guobao to kill Wang Zhen and Che Yin under the pretext of Sima Daozi, in order to kill Shiwang, and to fight against Wang Gong and Yin Zhongkan in the name of Sima Daozi. However, when Wang Yu and Che Yin came, Wang Guobao did not dare to kill them. Instead, they asked for advice. Wang Yu persuaded him to automatically remove his military and political power, and ordered Wang Gong to suspend his troops.

Che Yin also stated his interests. He analyzed that once Wang Guobao rebelled against Wang Gong and forced him to retreat to Beijing, if Wang Guobao failed to defeat Wang Gong quickly and Yin Zhongkan had gone east to Jiankang, he would be attacked by the two armies. After hearing this, Wang Guobao was very afraid, so he was dismissed from his post and committed a crime. However, he soon turned back and pretended that he was ordered to return to his original post. At that time, Sima Daozi wanted to make peace and put all the blame on Wang Guobao, so he arrested Wang Guobao and gave him death. He also apologized to Wang Gong for his guilt. Wang Gong went on strike and returned to Jingkou.

In the second year of Long'an (398), Sima Daozi was afraid of Wang Gong and Yin Zhongkan, so he listened to Sima Shangzhi's advice of setting up foreign aid, took Wang Yu as the governor of Jiangzhou, and divided the four counties of Yuzhou into four prefectures. At that time, Yu Kai, the governor of Yuzhou, protested but failed, so he angrily urged Wang Gong to attack Sima Shang's brother. After hearing this, Wang Gong also wanted to fight. With the support of Yin Zhongkan and Huan Xuan, the governor of Guangzhou, he was promoted as the leader of the alliance.

Sima Daozi decided to attack Wang Gong at the suggestion of his son Sima Yuanxian, and ordered Wang Zhen to be the general of Wei, the commander of langye, the military officer of water and land, and the Puppet Festival. In the face of huanxuan's defeat to Sima Shang's army, Wang Wei guarded the northern suburbs of Jiankang to guard against huanxuan. In the same year, Wang Gong was pacified. Wang Xun then went up to return to Fu Jie, and was granted a standing official on horseback.

He died of serious illness

In the fourth year of Long'an (400), Wang Xun was dismissed for illness. In May of the same year, Bingyin (June 24) died at the age of 52. He was given the title of general Che Qi and Kaifu, and his posthumous title was Xianmu. When Huan Xuan was assistant, he changed Wang Yu into situ.

Main achievements

Calligraphy

Wang Xugong's calligraphy works include Bo Yuan tie, etc. Boyuantie is a letter to greet relatives and friends. "Xuanhe Shupu" contains: "he III was known as a scholar of the family and fan Shixue for his ability to write. There is also a legend about the sage of grass This post was collected by neifu in the Northern Song Dynasty and collected by Dong Qichang in the Ming Dynasty. It is one of the three treasures of Qianlong.

Dong Qichang said, "I'm lucky to see Wang Yu, and I'm also lucky to see my book. Chang'an ink, this is a beauty Gu Fu said in his magnificent life that boyuantie: "the paper is firm and clean, but the pen is flying, which breaks away from Wang's habit." An Qi's "Mo Yuan Hui Guan" commented: "there is a natural calm of the gas." "Xuanhe Shupu" said: "his genealogy is inherited by the sage of grass. There is no trace of the grass today, which is a famous practice. Looking at his writing, he tried to change the father and son of the right army, but not one of them was more cunning than the right one. The so-called self indulgence and self gratification are more than elegant. " Xuanhe Shupu also had its cursive March calligraphy, which does not exist today.

literature

Wang Yu has eleven volumes of collected works (ten volumes of the old book of Tang, jingjizhi). Quan Jin Wen includes the following works: playing after empress dowager Zheng, Shu, discussing Huichi with fan Ning, Chongyu fan Ning Shu, preface to master Lin's tomb, Qin Zan, Huqiu mountain inscription, AI CE Wen of emperor Xiaowu, and Wen of sacrificing to Xu Peishi.

Historical evaluation

Time person: the Dharma protection is not good. It's hard for monk Mi to be a brother.

Huan Wen: at the age of 40, Xie Zhen will hold the festival of the staff. Wang Zhen was regarded as a blackhead. It's not easy.

Wang Gong: in recent years, he looks like Hu Guang.

Huan Xuan: he has a bright look and is well versed in history. The beauty of romance is sent by public and private. However, when a gentleman was in the court, he made a lot of profits.

Yin Cheng: you should be a king, and you should know what you want. Less romantic, more reasonable. It's the gentleman who disturbs the royal family. Bright and sincere inside, send inside ten thousand li. Contract with the wind and cloud, righteousness throughout. Since then, it has been a long time. If you don't think about it for five years, why don't you think about it. Whooshing like a man, I'll move with the change. Ancient love, still or words. Bear the ferocious Pathetique pain, stay with emotion.

Tan daoluan: his studies are related to Tongmin and Wengao is in the world.

Yu Zhigu: Wen has been in town for 30 years. He has participated in Xi zhenchi, Yuan Hong, Xie an, Wang Tanzhi, Sun Sheng, Meng Jia, Wang Xun, Luo you, Xi Chao, Fu Tao, Xie Yi, Gu Kaizhi, Wang Ziyou (Wang Huizhi), Xie Xuan, Luo Han, fan Wang, Hao long, Che Yin, Han Kang and so on. He is a famous scholar in the world.

Wang Fuzhi: filial piety and martial arts doubt the specialty of Daozi, while Xu Miaojin's heresy in Chinese and Huainan; the national treasure is Wang Yu's conspiracy, but Wang Yu still has the travel words of Qing, not Cao Shuang; Xu, a minister in the imperial court, is like this.

Shen Yue: he is easy to accumulate, and his property is distributed among the people.

Fan Chengda: he was the internal history of the state of Wu, and he was pleased by the scholars in the county.

Dong Qichang: Wang Xun is natural and graceful, ancient Dan, and romantic in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Anecdotes and allusions

Short master book

Both Wang Yu and Xi Chao had great talents, who were highly valued and promoted by Ma Huanwen, the Chief Secretary of the army. Xi Chao has a lot of moustaches and Wang Xun is short. At that time, Jingzhou people made up a few ballads for them, saying: "a man with a big beard joins the army, a man with a short man's master's book; he can make Duke Huan happy and angry.

Chinese PinYin : Wang Xun