Wang Zhenggong

Wang Zhenggong

Wang Zhenggong (1133-1203) was born in the Southern Song Dynasty. His name was Chengfu. His original name was Shensi, which was taboo by Emperor Xiaozong. In the Southern Song Dynasty, he was born in Yinxian county (now Ningbo, Zhejiang Province).

In his whole life, he thought that the official was honest and incorruptible, and he was not afraid of offending the powerful. Therefore, although he stepped into the officialdom from his twenties, he had made great achievements in his official career for decades, and he never made it to the top.

In the first year of Jiatai (1201), Wang Zhenggong, as a local official, entertained the students of Guilin Zhongju. During the dinner, one sentence“

Guilin Scenery is the best in the world

”It has become a masterpiece of all ages, and also made the upright old man one of the cultural celebrities.

Brief introduction to Wang Zhenggong

Wang Zhenggong (1133 ~ 1203) was born in Yinxian county (now Ningbo, Zhejiang Province). His original name is Shensi. Song Dynasty people. Hoon son. To make up the officials with shade. Gaozong Shaoxing twenty-four years (1154) for the Yihuang book, looking to change Qingtian. In the early years of emperor Xiaozong's prosperity, he transferred the governor of Junzhou to join the army. Qiandao four years (1168) for Jinghu South Road Transport Department in charge of accounting department. Seven years, know Putian County. Chunxi seven years (1180) Tongzhi Chaozhou. In the ninth year, he signed a letter to the judge of Che Jiedu in Wu'an, and in the eleventh year, he changed Huainan. 14 years, in charge of Jinghu North Road to appease the driver. Guangzong Shaoxi three years (1192) know Lizhou. Ningzongqingyuan four years (1198) know Qizhou. In the sixth year, he raised some prisons for Guangnan West Road. Jiatai died in the third year, 71. There is a collection of Jingli in yuezhai, which has been lost.

to rank as a masterpiece throughout the ages

Wang Zhenggong wrote poems

The place where Guilin's landscape poetry is unique is Duxiu Peak, which is located in the center of the city. Its author is Wang Zhenggong.

Wang Zhenggong, judging from his official position and literary title, can not be compared with those literary giants. However, a masterpiece of all ages has been enough to make this upright old man one of the cultural celebrities.

This Ningbo native got his name for his integrity and integrity. He was not afraid of offending the powerful. Although he entered the official circle in his twenties and had been an official for several decades, he had made no progress. He had been transferred many times, but he had been promoted slightly and so on. He never made a great progress. When he was more than 60 years old, he served as a general judge in Chaozhou. He once built Xiangzi bridge on the Hanjiang River to facilitate people's communication, which was praised by the local people. Later, in the sixth year of Qingyuan (1200), he went to Guilin at the age of 68 to serve as the magistrate of the right of punishment and imprisonment. It was a little promotion.

When Wang Zhenggong first arrived in Guilin, he was already an old man's new official. He just acted according to the rules. Normally speaking, he would not have any passion. Before long, the first year of Jiatai (1201) coincided with the year of Dabi (the year of rural examination). In that year, there were 11 examiners in Guangxi. Wang Zhenggong has heard for a long time that Guilin students often have outstanding achievements in the imperial examination, which is not to be underestimated. The results of the local examination also made him happy for the students. According to the practice of Lu Ming banquet, as a local official, he entertained the students who had passed the examination.

To drink with the students and talk about how to study hard and serve the imperial court, we have to write poems to encourage each other.

Wang Zhenggong wrote two verses in seven rhythms

In ancient Guizhou, there are thousands of peaks and hundreds of mountains.

Emei crown should be able to Zhao, who is not enough to plan the flow of art.

The economy is far away, and the rites and music are far away.

Three Jun and eight Jun with rural show, steady Tianjin top.

Guilin Scenery is the best in the world

The jade, the blue and the blue can be seen.

The morale of the army is not high, and the writing field is like a battlefield.

Nine pass tiger and leopard see the enemy, ten thousand li Peng stand in the drama.

The old eye rubs and increases the freshness, and you are the south of the fight.

A sentence in the poem“

Guilin Scenery is the best in the world

”From this wine table, it spread all over China.

Through the whole poem, we know that the author's original intention is not to praise the Guilin landscape, but to hope that the students will make further progress in their studies, so that they will be like the Guilin landscape in their studies and be the best in the world. This famous saying may be the original creation of Wang Zhenggong, or it can be easily used to quote other people's sentences. In short, it is perfectly applied, reflecting the author's extraordinary talent in writing poems.

From this poem, we can see that this famous saying is originally from a poem about imperial examination, which shows that as early as the Song Dynasty, the value of seeking fame in the imperial examination has been deeply rooted in Guilin.

Wang Zhenggong wrote poems at the banquet. He was full of vigor and vitality, and was admired by the Ju Zi. A man named Zhang Ciliang engraved these two poems on the top of the reading rock at the south foot of Duxiu Peak. I'm afraid that the purpose of choosing Leshi here is to echo the name of shushuyan.

After Poetry

Shortly after the poem was written, a case occurred in which the magistrate of Xing'an County indulged his son and killed a petty official of the county government. As a local official, Wang Zhenggong executed the law impartially, and sent the criminal to the neighboring road for custody to make a confession. As a result, he offended the Xing'an County Magistrate, violated the hidden rules of officialdom, and was falsely accused of dismissal. Later, although the facts of the case were found out and Wang Zhenggong was able to recover his reputation, he was no longer an official and was very old. He was sent by the imperial court to Wuyishan, Fujian Province, where he became a temple Zhu and was in charge of Chongyou temple. He retired to the second tier and died there.

Maybe it was because of Wang Zhenggong's dismissal that the party concerned intentionally covered the stone carving above the Shudu rock with mud in order to get rid of the relationship. Maybe it was because for a long time, the rain seeping from the cliff and the sand between the rock cracks covered the stone carving. In a word, Wang Zhenggong's poems engraved on the top of Duxiu Peak's reading rock were soon out of sight and even forgotten. Fortunately, the influence of famous sayings is amazing. The poems written by Wang Zhenggong at the Lu Ming banquet were brought to Lin'an, the capital, by the students at the banquet, and spread from Lin'an to other places. With the passage of time, and the different cultural and artistic tastes of the eunuchs, the whole poem was omitted or forgotten by the eunuchs, leaving only the sentence "Guilin's landscape is the best in the world", which has been circulating for thousands of years.

Amazing discovery

In 1983, when two young Guilin archaeologists were sorting out the stone carvings on the cliff of Duxiu Peak, they found that there was a crack on the cliff above Shudu rock and under a piece of grass, which was not integrated with the stone wall. They gently opened the humus layer, and unexpectedly found an unexpected discovery: a well preserved stone carving. When they cleaned the stone wall, and then used skilled technology to rubbings the stone work, they found that under the humus layer, what they found was the famous sentence which had been buried by the dust of history for almost 800 years!

Forever

"Guilin's mountains and waters are the best in the world" is forever popular

Tang Xiangping

"Guilin's mountains and waters are the best in the world", a poem that has been handed down for thousands of years and influenced people at home and abroad, makes people who have never been to Guilin fascinated. It came from an official named Wang Zhenggong in the Southern Song Dynasty. Wang Zhenggong (1133-1203) was named Chengfu. His original name was Shensi, which was changed to avoid Zhao she, the emperor of Song Dynasty. Yinxian (now Ningbo, Zhejiang) people. Although he was an official in Guilin for only two years, he left such a heavy gift.

Jueju finds the master

In the works of modern literati, such as Wu Mai, a patriot of the Republic of China, Guo Moruo, a great writer of modern literature, and he Jingzhi, a famous poet, the poem "Guilin's landscape is the best in the world" often appears. However, many researchers have been puzzled for a long time about where the poem came from and who the original author was. It is found that in 1258, Li zengbo, who was the governor of Guangnan Prefecture and the magistrate of Jingjiang Prefecture, wrote the sentence "Guilin's mountains and rivers are the best in the world" in his article "rebuilding Xiangnan Lou Ji"; in 1882, Jin Wuxiang, the governor of Guangxi, wrote a poem "traveling all over Guilin's mountains and rocks", which changed "mountains and rivers" in Li zengbo's "Guilin's mountains and rivers are the best in the world" to "mountains and rivers" "Water". Therefore, from the late Qing Dynasty to the 1980s, the academic circles have been arguing about the origin of "Guilin landscape is the best in the world". Some people say it originated from Li zengbo's "Guilin mountains and rivers are the best in the world", while others say it originated from Jin Wuxiang's poems. It was not until one day that a stone tablet appeared that the debate ended.

In 1983, when Guilin cultural relics workers conducted a comprehensive investigation and cleaning of duxiufeng stone carvings, they found that there seemed to be a crack under a piece of grass on the wall of the entrance of dushuyan, which was not integrated with the stone wall. They gently opened the humus layer and made an unexpected discovery: This is a cliff carving that has not been found since the Ming and Qing Dynasties. When they cleaned up the stone wall, and then used skilled technology to rubbings the stone work, they found that the two poems on the stele were exactly engraved with“

Guilin Scenery is the best in the world

”The author is Wang Zhenggong, a native of Yin County, who served as a prison officer on Guangnan West Road during the reign of Qingyuan and Jiatai in the Southern Song Dynasty. The famous sentence, which has been buried in the dust of history for nearly 800 years, has finally come to light again. Wang Zhenggong's poem is about 50 years earlier than Li zengbo's.

Guilin municipal government has copied the cliff stone carvings of Wang Zhenggong's poems from Duxiu Peak on the central square of Guilin, and built a huge statue for Wang Zhenggong on the Bank of Shanhu Lake in Guilin. This old man is writing a poem that makes Guilin's landscape spread all over the world, to remind future generations to remember this sage's contribution of carrying forward Guilin's landscape, history and culture more than 800 years ago.

A good sentence comes from a driving poem

In fact, "Guilin's landscape is the best in the world" comes from a poem written by Wang Zhenggong, and the theme of the poem is not to chant Guilin's landscape.

The two poems carved on the stone tablet of Duxiu Peak are as follows:

(1)

There are thousands of peaks and hundreds of mountains in ancient Guizhou, where people from the countryside are hard to get married.

Emei crown should be able to Zhao, who is not enough to plan the flow of art.

The economy is far away, and the rites and music are far away.

Three monarchs and eight Fu, all of them are beautiful, and Tianjin is the top.

(2)

Guilin Scenery is the best in the world

The jade, the blue and the blue can be seen.

The morale of the army is not high, and the writing field is like a battlefield.

Nine pass tiger and leopard look at powerful enemy, ten thousand li

Chinese PinYin : Wang Zheng Gong