Wang Ningzhi

Wang Ningzhi

Wang Ningzhi

(334-399), Chinese characters

Shuping

He was the second son of Wang Xizhi, the sage of calligraphy, the elder brother of Wang Xianzhi, and the official and general in the last years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. He is good at cursive script and official script. He once served as governor of Jiangzhou, general Zuo, internal history of Kuaiji, etc. The husband of Xie Daokai, a woman writer, was convinced of the five Dou rice way. When sun en attacked Kuaiji, he didn't listen to his subordinates' advice and didn't set up any defense. After praying, he believed that he had enlisted the help of "ghost soldiers", so he was killed together with other scholars.

Huang Changrui said: "the four books of Wang's Ning, Cao, Hui and Huan are different from those of Zi Jing. Congealing gets its rhyme, holding its body, emblem its potential, Huan its appearance, offering its source.

Life of the characters

After the famous family

Who is Wang Ningzhi? Let's take a look at a record in Shishuoxinyu Xianyuan No.19.

(26) Mrs. Xie of Wang Ning had been to Wang's family, but she had no idea of returning to Xie's family. Taifu comforted and explained: "Wang Lang, the son of Yishao, is not evil. Why do you hate Naier?" The answer is: "for an uncle, there are ADA and Zhonglang; for a group of brothers, there are Feng, Hu, Yan and Wei.". There is Wang Lang in the earth!

Who is Mrs. Xie? She is the famous Xie Daokai. Who is Taifu for? Xie an is the most famous one in Jin Dynasty. Who are Feng, Hu, ER and Mo? However, only one "check" is famous in the history of Qing Dynasty, that is, Xie Xuan, the commander in chief of the battle of Feishui! There's also a loud name in it. Less leisure. If there were only two names left in Jin Dynasty, I think there would be only one person besides Xie an: Wang Xizhi.

Some people say that there is no aristocracy in China. This sentence is about modern China. In ancient times, the origin of Chinese aristocracy is much older than that of Europe. The two most famous aristocrats in history are the "Wang Xie" and "Wang Xie" families in Jin Dynasty. From the historical records, we can still imagine the glory of the two ethnic groups who led the literary career for so many years.

Not the Xie family, but the Wang family. The two prime ministers of Jin Dynasty, Wang Dao Xie an, Wang Xizhi was Wang Kuang's son, Wang Dao's nephew, and Wang Ningzhi was Wang Xizhi's second son. I'm afraid there's nothing more expensive than that?

In the third year of Long'an (399), sun en rebelled and came to Kuaiji city. Wang Ningzhi did not send troops or equipment, and prayed in the Taoist chamber during the day. The official office asked to send troops. Ning Zhi said: I've asked the immortal for instructions. I've borrowed tens of thousands of ghost soldiers to garrison all the fortresses. I don't have to worry about anti thieves. In November, Jiayin, sun en, was trapped in Kuaiji and killed. All his children died.

Xie Daokai, Wang Ningzhi's wife, was calm when she heard that the anti thief had been killed in the city. She ordered her maid to carry her sedan chair and kill several bandit soldiers with a knife outside her home. Then she was captured.

Talented woman's wife

"There is Wang Lang in heaven and earth!" That is to say, I didn't expect Wang Ningzhi to be such a bad person between heaven and earth. It's really "big thin Ningzhi". But if you read these eight words carefully, is it disgust or the coquettish and angry meaning of children's women? Is Xie Daokai eager to kill Wang Ningzhi, or is he just sorry? I think it's the latter, not the former.

Couple stay together

But he stayed with Xie Daokai all his life. After his death, Xie Daokai lived alone. I can't say that it was for Wang Ning's chastity, and I can't find out the record of their husband and wife's feelings. It is possible that Xie Daokai had feelings for Wang Ning, because in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, etiquette was not set up for celebrities. With Xie's reputation, she might not have to be for Wang Ning's chastity. It is also possible that after all, a person who didn't know his heart in the world would have to stay married again Marriage is not as comfortable as celibacy, which is also in line with the free and easy style of Wei and Jin celebrities.

Wang Ningzhi and Xie Daokai have four sons and a daughter. The four sons are Yun Zhi, Ping Zhi, Heng Zhi and en Zhi. The daughter marries the Yu family when she grows up.

The pain of offering

Don't think that a noble like Wang Xie will not have the tragedy of marriage. Wang Xianzhi, Wang Ningzhi's younger brother, was second only to Wang Xizhi in his famous calligraphy. He was also a famous beautiful man at that time. It was recorded in the book of Jin that he was "rarely famous, but tall and uninhibited. Although he lived in idleness all day, he was not lazy, and was the most romantic for a while." He married his childhood cousin Xi Daomao. They were very affectionate, but Princess Xin'an fell in love with him at first sight, forcing him to divorce his cousin and marry her again. Wang Xianzhi was depressed all his life. When he was dying, he was asked what he thought of his life. He said, "I don't know what I have to do, but I want to divorce the Xi family."

This sentence is full of tears. Compared with Chuang Tzu's "it's better to forget each other in the river and lake than to help each other", it can be called the deep love analogy. It is carrying a lifetime of infatuation, read this heartache.

This is recorded in Chapter 39 of virtue in Shishuoxinyu.

Death is not life

His death was equally muddled. It was when he was the prefect of Kuaiji, sun en was in a riot. Wang Ningzhi didn't believe that sun en, who believed in wudoumi religion like him, would rebel! When the rebels approached, he had to believe it, but he didn't organize the army to resist. Instead, he stepped on the stars to fight, worshipped the gods, and said that he would ask the ghost soldiers to guard all the important places, and the thief soldiers could not commit. Of course, the city was broken, but Wang Ningzhi still did not believe that sun en of the same sect would kill him and did not escape. As a result, it was obvious that he was killed. It's hard to laugh or cry when you die in a muddle.

At this time, Xie Daokai was calm in the face of the tiger and wolf rebels, holding a sharp blade to face the murderer sun en. Sun en couldn't help being upset and didn't dare to hurt her. When sun en wanted to kill her grandson Liu Tao, Xie Daokai argued in a loud voice: "it's in the king's gate. What's the matter with other people? This child is his grandson Liu Tao. If you want to kill him, you'd better kill me first! " Sun en was terrified and let them go.

Calligraphy appreciation

As the son of Wang Xizhi, a great calligrapher, he was instructed by his father to write calligraphy.

The style of this post is mainly clear and vigorous, but rarely full. At the beginning, it is steady and slow, while at the middle and later parts, it is fast and active.

Most of the characters are inclined to the upper right, while the characters are low on the left and high on the right, such as "29, Nu, Si, Shuo, an, Leng, Geng, Ci". The other feature is that the former is like "yuan, Shu", the latter is like "Shen, Si", the former is dense in form, and the latter is dense in meaning.

The change of writing rhythm of this post forms a beautiful rhythm. The first line is mainly regular script, the second and third lines are gradually increased, the fourth line is added with cursive script, the sixth line has no trace of writing, the strokes flow, seems to help God, and the last line returns to the state similar to the fourth line, this composition is almost perfect.

Reference to historical materials

Book of Jin Volume 80 biography 50

Second, he was also a worker and a grass official. He served as a governor of Jiangzhou, a general of Zuo, and an internal historian of Kuaiji. Wang's world affairs, Zhang's five Dou rice way, condenses the MI Du. When sun enzhi attacked Kuaiji, he was asked to prepare for it. When he did not follow him, he went into the Jingshi room to pray. He said to the generals, "I have asked for the help of ghosts and soldiers, and the thief will be broken by himself. "He didn't have the equipment, so he was harmed by sun.

Wang Ningzhi, the son of Xizhi, the internal history of Kuaiji, worshipped the way of the Heavenly Master. He did not send troops or equipment. He knelt and cursed in the Taoist chamber. The officials and their subordinates asked to send troops to ask for kindness. Ning said, "I have asked the main road, and I have used ghost soldiers to guard all the treasures. Each of them has tens of thousands, and the thieves are not enough to worry about. "And en is approaching, but I hear that the troops have been sent out. En has arrived at the bottom of the county. Jiayin, who was enslaved in Kuaiji, ran away from the village and killed him after being enslaved. Xie Daokai, Ning's wife, and the daughter of the chess player, acted as if they were kouzhi. She ordered her maid Jianyu to draw a knife and go out. She killed several people, but she was held.

member of family

Chinese PinYin : Wang Ning Zhi