Emperor Yan

Emperor Yan

Emperor Yan was the honorific title of the leader of the Jiang tribe in ancient China. He was named Shennong, Kuiyi, Lianshan, Lieshan, and Zhu Xiang (it is still controversial. It is also said that there were three generations of leaders of Zhu Xiang tribe honorific title of Emperor Yan).

It is said that the leader of the Jiang tribe got the throne because he knew how to use fire, so he was called Emperor Yan. Since Shennong, there are nine generations of Yan Emperor in the Jiang tribe. Shennong gave birth to Emperor Kui, Kuisheng emperor Cheng, Chengsheng Emperor Ming, Mingsheng emperor Zhi, Zhisheng emperor Lu, Lu gave birth to Emperor AI, AI gave birth to Emperor Ke, and Kesheng emperor Yuwang.

Emperor Yan lived in the Neolithic age. At present, there are six disputes in his hometown: Baoji, Shaanxi; Lianshan, Huitong, Hunan; Yanling, Zhuzhou, Hunan; Suizhou, Hubei; Gaoping, Shanxi; Zhecheng, Henan. Yandi tribe's scope of activities is in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, in Jiangshui The tribes began to prosper in this area, initially in chendi, and later moved the capital to Qufu.

It is said that Emperor Yan Niushou himself tasted all kinds of herbs and developed herbal medicine to cure diseases; he invented slash and burn farming, created two kinds of soil turning tools, taught the people to cultivate food crops; he also led the tribal people to make pottery and cooking utensils for diet.

It is said that Yandi tribe later formed an alliance with Huangdi tribe and defeated Chiyou together.

The Chinese call themselves the descendants of the Yellow Emperor and regard the Yan Emperor and the Yellow Emperor as the first ancestor of the Chinese nation, which has become the spiritual power for the unity and struggle of the Chinese nation.

Emperor Yan was honored as Shennong emperor by Taoism, also known as Wugu Shennong emperor.

Respect for ancestors

Yandi and Huangdi are the ancestors of China.

"Guoyu · Jinyu" records: "in the past, Shaodian married Youyu and gave birth to Huangdi and Yandi. The Yellow Emperor became Jishui (Qishui River, Wugong County, Shaanxi Province), and the Yan Emperor became Jiangshui (Qingjiang River, Baoji County, Shaanxi Province). Cheng different virtue, so Huangdi for Ji, Yandi for Jiang. The two emperors use their teachers to help each other, which is why they have different virtues. " This is the earliest record of the birthplace of Emperor Yan and Emperor Huang in Chinese history. Later, the two tribes competed for territory and launched the battle of banquan. The Yellow Emperor defeated the Yan Emperor, and the two tribes gradually merged into the Huaxia nationality (Han nationality). The Huaxia nationality was called the Han nationality after the Han Dynasty and the Tang nationality after the Tang Dynasty, but they never abandoned the Title of Huaxia nationality. Yandi and Huangdi are also the forefathers of Chinese culture and technology. It is said that they and their ministers and descendants created almost all the important inventions in ancient times. Her mother is a woman of Youjiao's family, named nudeng, who is the imperial concubine of Shaodian. Born Emperor Yan. He is good at Jiangshui, so he has the surname Jiang.

Origin and legend

Emperor Yan and Emperor Huang were contemporaries, and both of them were legendary. From ancient times to the present, Emperor Yan, regarded as the symbol of the ancestor of the Chinese nation, is the Shennong family of Emperor Yan, who is as famous as the Yellow Emperor. It is said that he was born in Jiangshui, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province (now in the Qingjiang River Basin of Baoji City).

Surname: Yiqi, also surnamed Jiang

Surname: Lieshan

No.: Shennong (Shennong is also a surname, which may be the name of this tribe different from other tribes. Shennong is the name of this tribe or its leader)

Name: year of stone

Birthday: April 26 of the lunar calendar

Birthplace: Jiangshui, Baoji, Shaanxi

Mother: Ren Si

Life story

Battle of Zhuolu

Master data: Battle of Zhuolu

The battle of Zhuolu was a war between the Huangdi tribe and the Yandi tribe, together with the Chiyou tribe of the Dongyi group, in Zhuoxian County, Hebei Province, about 5000 years ago. The purpose of the "war" was for both sides to fight for the Central Plains suitable for grazing and shallow farming. It is also the earliest recorded "war" in Chinese history, which had a significant impact on the transformation of ancient Chinese from barbaric era to civilized era.

In the middle and late period of primitive society, Yanhuang, Dongyi and Miaoman groups gradually formed. Among them, Huaxia group takes Huangdi and Yandi as the core. They rose in today's Guanzhong Plain, southwest Shanxi and Western Henan respectively. After integration, it developed along the north and south banks of the Yellow River to the west of the North China Plain. At the same time, under the leadership of Chi you, the famous leader of the Chiyou tribe, which rose in the border area of Henan, Jiangsu and Anhui in the south of the lower reaches of the Huaihe River, took Shandong as the base, developed from the southeast to the northwest of the Central Plains, and began to enter the North China Plain.

It is said that Chiyou people are good at making weapons. Their copper weapons are excellent and strong. They are brave and brave. They are good at fighting and are good at fighting. After entering North China, they first had a direct conflict with the Yandi tribe. Chiyou, together with the giant Kuafu tribe and Sanmiao tribe, defeated the Yandi tribe by force, and then occupied the "nine corners" of the Yandi tribe, namely "nine states". In order to survive, the Yandi people asked the Huangdi people of the same group for help.

In order to protect the overall interests of Yanhuang group, the Huangdi people agreed to Yandi's request and pushed their power to the East. In this way, it is the same as the Chiyou people who are taking advantage of the situation to advance to the northwest in Zhuolu area. At that time, the Chiyou people gathered 81 clans (72 clans in a word) and had a certain advantage in strength. Therefore, after the contact between the two sides, the Chiyou people relied on a large number of people and excellent weapons to attack the Huangdi people on their own initiative. The Yellow Emperor clan led the clan with bears, bottoms, wolves, leopards, eagles, dragons and owls as totems to fight against the Chiyou clan, and let "Yinglong gaoshui", that is, to build earth dams on the river to store water (to flush the Chiyou village with water) to stop the Chiyou clan's attack.

After the "war" broke out, it happened to be heavy fog and heavy storm rain, which is very suitable for Chiyou people from the eastern rainy environment to carry out military operations. Therefore, in the early stage of the war, the Huangdi people, who were suitable for fighting in sunny weather, were not in a favorable position. They had been defeated nine times in nine wars. However, before long, the rainy season passed and the weather cleared up, which provided an important opportunity for the Huangdi people to turn defeat into victory. The Yellow Emperor took advantage of the opportunity to fight back against Chiyou with the support of Xuannu. He took advantage of the special favorable weather, such as strong wind, dust and sand in the sky, blowing horns and beating drums. When the Chiyou people were confused and frightened, he drove them to attack the Chiyou people with a guide car. Finally, he defeated the enemy in one fell swoop and killed his leader Chiyou in the wild of Jizhou. The battle of Zhuolu ended with the victory of the Huangdi people. After the war, the Yanhuang people took advantage of the victory and moved eastward until they arrived near Mount Tai, where they held a ceremony of "sealing Mount Tai" before returning to the West. At the same time, Shao Fuqing was appointed as Sima Niao Shi, a clan leader named Shao Fuqing, who could be attached to the people in the Dongyi group, to continue to command the Dongyi tribal alliance, and made the Dongyi group form an alliance with its own Yanhuang group, forming the original Huaxia tribal alliance.

The result of the battle of Zhuolu laid a strong foundation for Yanhuang group to occupy the vast central plains, and played a catalytic role in the further integration of various clans and tribes. Huang Di, the tribal leader who won the war, became the common ancestor of the Chinese nation and was gradually deified. The battle of Zhuolu was a historic "war" that determined the basic appearance of the Chinese nation in the early days.

The battle of sakizumi

Master data: the battle of sakizumi

The battle of Hanquan took place between Yandi tribe and Huangdi tribe. Through this war, Huangdi defeated Yandi, and Yandi surrendered to Huangdi. At the same time, Huangdi replaced Yandi as the leader of all tribes in the Yellow River Basin. Therefore, this war is the foundation and key war for the formation of the Chinese nation.

The reasons for this war include not only the struggle for leadership, but also the struggle for land suitable for agriculture. It turned out that Jishui and Jiangshui, where the Yellow Emperor and Yan Emperor lived, were no longer suitable for animal husbandry and agricultural production because of the flooding of the Yellow River. In this way, the Yellow Emperor first led the tribes to move eastward. According to the research of historians, the Yellow Emperor first went south along the Beiluo River to Dali and Chaoyi in present-day Shaanxi. Then he crossed the Yellow River eastward, moved northeast along the Zhongtiao Mountain and Taihang Mountain, and moved along the Sanggan River to Zhuolu in present-day Zhangjiakou City.

The formation of Cathaysia

Huaxia is the combined appellation of the tribes in the Central Plains and its east in ancient China, that is, the collective name of "Zhuhua" and "Zhuxia". According to the research of some historians, the ancient tribes around the Central Plains can be divided into Yanhuang group, Dongyi group and Miao man group. After Yanhuang group defeated Chiyou in the battle of Zhuolu, the Miao man group retreated to the south, while Yanhuang group moved eastward and merged with Dongyi group, forming the original Huaxia tribal alliance. In the spring and Autumn period, it basically assimilated with the Miao man group in the south, becoming the three main sources of the so-called "Chinese" between Qin and Han Dynasties. The main body of Huaxia nationality is Yanhuang nationality and Dongyi tribe alliance. Yan and Huang tribes first lived in Shaanxi, and then moved eastward. The Huangdi people went south along the North Luoshui River, and then crossed the Yellow River eastward, and developed northeast along the Zhongtiao Mountain and Taihang Mountain, forming many Huangdi ethnic groups in the Yellow River area of southern Shanxi. Some of the Yandi people also went eastward along the Weihe River and developed eastward along the South Bank of the Yellow River, forming more Yandi countries. In the process of moving eastward, they continued to integrate with the Dongyi tribal alliance and expand their power.

The battle of Hanquan was a battle between the Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor for the leader of the great Chinese tribal alliance. The Yan Emperor was defeated, merged with the Yellow Emperor, and the Yan and Huang forces grew stronger. Later, in the battle of Zhuolu, the Yellow Emperor defeated Chiyou, the leader of the Jiuli nationality in the Miao man group, and his power expanded to today's Shandong, merging with the Dongyi group in Shandong. In ancient times, the great Chinese tribal alliance was finally formed, and China entered the Chinese era. According to the records, Yu, Xia, Shang and Zhou were all descendants of the Yellow Emperor. After thousands of years of historical development, the status of Huaxia in Chinese history has changed

Chinese PinYin : Yan Di