Jiang Chaozong

Jiang Chaozong

Jiang Chaozong (1861-1943), a native of Jiangcun village, Jingde County, Anhui Province, lived in Mabu Town, Lu'an Prefecture. He was an important figure in the Northern Warlords and served as the acting premier of the State Council during the period of the Northern Warlords Government. After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, he took refuge in Japan, became a traitor, served as the mayor of Peiping, engaged in traitorous activities, and died in 1943.

Life of the characters

In 1884, he went to Taiwan to invest in Liu Mingchuan (when Liu was the governor of Taiwan, supervising Taiwan's military affairs). The following year, after the Qing government signed the new Sino French treaty with France, Jiang returned to the mainland to deal with relief work in Jiangnan and other places. In 1889, in order to obtain a heavy bribe and sell secrets, he was arrested and jailed, and was expelled from Taiwan.

After Jiang Chaozong returned to the mainland, he was entrusted to work in Tianjin for lvying [lvying, the military system of Qing Dynasty, except for the eight banners of Manchu, Mongolian and Han armies, the Han soldiers recruited or recruited after entering the customs were called lvying soldiers or green flag soldiers. 】A high surname will serve as a post to write. Gao Shen had only one woman. Jiang Chaozong cheated her marriage and got rich. He donated her official title to Wupin and entered an official career. Later, Liu Chunfu, the third son of Liu Mingchuan and the brother-in-law of Yuan Shikai, the governor of Zhili, introduced Yuan Shikai, whom Jiang Chaozong took refuge in, to be appointed as the acting Zhengding government by Yuan Shikai, who only wanted to take office. After Xuantong succeeded to the throne, Regent zaifeng supervised the country and seized the military power of Yuan Shikai. Jiang Chaozong turned to Tieliang, the Minister of military aircraft (Manchurian man with white flag), and got recognition. He was in charge of the inspection office of Jinji dulian office, and later also in charge of the military affairs office of the Forbidden City.

During the Sino Japanese War of 1894-1895 in Guangxu, Yuan Shikai was responsible for the payment and equipment of the former enemy and the detection of the enemy's situation.

In the 26th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, the Boxer Movement rose. Jiang was responsible for handling disputes between the boxers and the religious people in Zhili and Shandong coastal areas.

In the 31st year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, Jiang stayed in the capital for winter defense, and cooperated to guard the forbidden area of the imperial palace.

In 1910, Jiang Chaozong was promoted to the second grade chief of Hanzhong Town, Shaanxi Province.

After the Wuchang Uprising broke out in 1911, Shaanxi Province declared its independence. Jiang Chaozong fled back to Beijing and took refuge with Yuan Shikai again. He was left out in the cold. He had to curry favor with Zhao Bingjun, a close friend of Yuan Shikai, to get the post of chief of staff of the Bujun government. After Jiang Chaozong took office, he relied on yuan and Zhao forces to make it difficult for bu Jun to lead Wu Zhen. As a result, Wu Zhen's condition worsened and she died of drunkenness.

In 1912, he served as the commander of Beijing infantry, and was appointed as general Dewey by Jin Dynasty.

In December 1915, Yuan Shikai announced the restoration of monarchy and the establishment of the "preparatory office for the grand ceremony of ascendance", of which Jiang Chaozong was a member.

In 1916, he was made a baron by Yuan Shikai.

In 1917, he acted as the Prime Minister of state, dissolved the Parliament and participated in the restoration conspiracy of Zhang Xun. After the defeat, he was removed from the position of infantry commander. There was a dispute between President Li Yuanhong's office and Duan Qirui's State Council, and Li Zhao's "braid commander" Zhang Xun entered Beijing to mediate. Zhang led his troops to Beijing, intended to restore power, forced Lebanon to dissolve parliament within three days as a condition of mediation, and threatened with force. Li Yuanhong drew up an order and asked acting Premier Wu Tingfang to countersign it, which was rejected. On June 12, 1917, Jiang Chaozong, who was then the commander of the infantry, became the acting prime minister, risking the world's great injustice, countersigned an order to dissolve the parliament. When there was a public outcry, the Congressmen who took refuge in Shanghai, on the ground that Jiang Fei's cabinet member could not be acting prime minister, jointly sent a telegram to oppose. On June 24, Jiang became acting premier of state for 12 days and announced his resignation. At the time of Zhang Xun's restoration, Jiang Chaozong obeyed Zhang Xun and took part in the restoration meeting. After Duan Qirui's horse factory took the oath, Jiang Chaozong contacted Duan Qirui secretly and declared that he "did not approve of restoration, but for the sake of public security in Beijing, he had to be insincere with Zhang Xun.". Duan Qirui's victory led to the end of the "battle between the imperial court and the imperial court", and Jiang Chaozong was removed from the leadership of the infantry; Duan Qirui called Jiang Chaozong "general Diwei" in the general's mansion, and Jiang Chaozong began to be laid off. The explanation of "Di" in the book dayumo is "huidiji, from rebellious to vicious." Therefore, Duan Qirui called Jiang Chaozong "general Diwei", which was a joke, a admonition and a warning. However, Jiang Chaozong finally embarked on the road of "going against evil".

In 1918, he was appointed as the governor of Manchuria in zhenghuang banner.

In 1921, Jiang Chaozong recommended Xu Shiying as the governor of Anhui Province, while he regarded himself as "governor of Taishang". Since then, although Jiang lost the power of military and political power, he had the reputation of a former Qing Dynasty adherent, a great man of the Republic of China, and a social celebrity.

After the collapse of the Northern Warlord government in 1928, he lived in seclusion in Beijing.

On July 29, 1937, Beiping was occupied. In the afternoon of the same day, Jiang Chaozong, in accordance with the requirements of the Japanese aggressors, convened more than a dozen so-called Beiping celebrities and the old people of the former Qing Dynasty to plan together in the House No. 13 of nanwanzi. The next day, he set up a traitor organization, the Beiping Security Council, with Jiang Chaozong as its president. However, it was not until August 8, when the Japanese army took over the defense of Peiping, that Jiang Chaozong dared to take office. On August 19, Jiang Chaozong became the mayor of the puppet Beiping City, and began his career as a traitor under the wings of the Japanese aggressors.

On September 21, 1943, the news of Jiang Chaozong's death was published in all the major newspapers and periodicals in Beiping. The traitor Jiang Chaozong died.

Jiangzhai set up a spiritual shed, held funerals, and stayed at home for 23 days. The wreath of Ningci Okamura, the supreme commander of the Japanese army dispatched from North China, was placed in the middle of the mourning shed. Wang's puppet government ordered 10000 yuan in commendation and compensation, and sent Kang Hu Changjiang, the puppet examination institute, to Peiping to express his condolence. The enemy puppet Xinmin Bao touted Jiang Chaozong's "sanding capital, the legacy in the people", and his students even narrated the so-called "sanding capital" deeds to reporters.

The so-called "sanding capital" refers to: in 1912, Yuan Shikai made the mutiny of thirteen towns, and Jiang Chaozong was in charge of public security when he was the commander of the infantry; in 1917, Zhang Xun was restored, Duan Qirui led his troops to Beijing to fight against the rebellion, and Jiang Chaozong was still in charge of public security when he was the commander of the infantry; in 1937, after the Lugouqiao Incident, Beiping was occupied, and Jiang came forward to organize the "public security maintenance meeting".

Chang Renchun commented in his article "blowing the" three fixed capitals ", it's hard to cover up the crime of defecting to the enemy" that "Jiang's surrender to the Japanese aggressors in exchange for the so-called" peace "and" fixed the capital ", falling to become a national sinner. In this way, we can certainly praise the Japanese aggressors and the Wang puppet government.

It is such a jiangchaozong that he named his Zhai "Si Wu Xuan" with his face on his face. The meaning of "Si Wu" should be taken from "Confucius said, do not see, do not listen, do not speak, do not move" in the Analects of Confucius. Jiang Chaozong flaunted "four don't" in order to show off his Chinese traditional culture. However, it is even more despised to be a traitor after reading Confucius and Mencius. Yu Dafu has said that when a scholar is a traitor, his crime should be aggravated.

Dissolution of Parliament

The contradiction between Li and Duan and the struggle between the government and the people's court are well known. Among them, the most outstanding author is the issue of declaring war on Germany. Li didn't agree, so he dismissed Duan Ge, which led to the strong resistance of the governor's army. Li was timid. How could he stand such a fright? So he adopted Li Jingxi's suggestion and called Zhang Xun to Beijing to settle the dispute. Zhang, on the other hand, had ulterior motives and insisted on dissolving the parliament as a prerequisite. When Wu Tingfang was the Prime Minister of the cabinet, he avoided the difficulties and resigned. Li called Li Jingxi to succeed him, but Li was afraid of difficulties.

As a last resort, Li invited Jiang Chaozong to the government and told him the inside story. He wanted Jiang to take charge of the cabinet and countersign the order of dissolving the parliament in order to solve the current dispute. How can Jiang know the dignity of the provisional agreement? Jiang said: "when it's difficult, everyone is not willing to come forward to help the president. Plays are always sung. I'm the only one out there to share the worries for the president. " So Jiang became premier of the state. He risked the world's ignorance and countersigned the order of the parliament. As a result, he promoted Zhang Xun's restoration in Beijing, which resulted in a series of disasters and a lack of livelihood for the people. After the restoration of Zhang Xun, the internal and external official system was just like that of the Qing Dynasty. To appoint provincial governors as governors or governors. He himself was a minister of state affairs and a governor of Zhili. He only gave Cao Kun a governor of Baoding. Dissatisfied with this, Cao joined Duan Qirui as commander-in-chief of the west road. When Zhang Xun published a large number of civil and military officials, Jiang Chaozong was appointed as the supervisor of Chongwenmen because he had entered the palace with Zhang Xun to ask for restoration. The lack of income is the most. In the Qing Dynasty, princes and nobles were responsible for it. Jiang was also quite satisfied with this. He was very grateful. He kowtowed to heaven for his kindness. However, during the restoration period, the left and right Hall officials of the Bujun led yamen all wore Qing Dynasty robes, red crested plumes and big official steps. The flag officer of the Yamen once said, "the robes are really magnificent, much better than the robes of the Republic of China." At that time, the shops in Beijing were too busy to make dragon flags, so they had to rush to make them overnight. But with the sound of the enemy's gun, the Forbidden City building of Donghuamen was covered with five colored flags. On the eve of the rebel army's entry into the city, Jiang Chaozong ordered the officers and soldiers protecting Chaoyang Gate to obstruct and win the rebellion. Zhang Xun left the Dutch Embassy in dongjiaomin lane, and Duan Qirui and Cao Kun took a bus from Tianjin to Beijing. Knowing that the situation was over, Jiang changed his mind and took a bus to welcome Duan and Cao Yu on the way. When Jiang boarded Duan Che, Cao Kun pointed to Jiang's nose and yelled, "how can we help the rebels? What's the point of those who shut the gate and beat us?" Duan saw that Jiang was in a mess, and then he said, "we are all my people. We don't have to be idle about this." In Vietnam, the commander of jiangzhibu army was replaced by Li Changtai. The word "Di" in "Diwei" is also funny. According to the book, "huidiji; from the evil." Playing with this sentence, Duan Zhi can be called a prank to Jiang, so Jiang said to others with emotion: "this is cutting me hard." This shows Jiang's dissatisfaction with Duan.

Character's former residence

Jiang Chaozong's former residence is located in the south

Chinese PinYin : Jiang Chao Zong