Li Gefei

Li Gefei

Li Gefei (about 1045-1105) was born in Zhangqiu, Qizhou (today's Zhangqiu District, Jinan City, Shandong Province), the father of Li Qingzhao, a writer and poetess in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Li Qingzhao's preface to the two poems of Han Gong, the first privy officer, says that "all his fathers and ancestors came out of Han Gong's family". It can be seen that his fathers and grandparents were all the servants of Han Qi, the Bachelor of song history. When he was a child, he was smart, alert and devoted to Confucian classics. He wrote hundreds of thousands of words in the book of rites. In 1076, Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty was a Jinshi in the ninth year of Xining. At the beginning, he served as a military officer and a trial officer in Jizhou (now Jixian County, Hebei Province). Later, he was a professor in Yunzhou (now Dongping, Shandong Province). In Song Dynasty, there was a part-time and part-time salary system. When the sheriff saw that he was poor, he flatly refused to let him hold other official posts, which showed his honest and upright late days.

Biography

On September 13, 1085, Li Gefei wrote "preface to Mr. Lian" for the late Tongli hermit Lian Fu, who lived in lianjiapo village to the west of Mingshui. Song zhezong Yuanyou first year (1086), official Taixue record. He devoted himself to writing, and his literary name gradually became apparent. In 1091, he "transferred to a doctor and learned from Su Shi through his articles". He was in the same position as Liao Zhengyi, Li Xi, and Dong Rong. He had both literary names and was known as Su men's "post four scholars". In October of the same year, zhe Zong was fortunate in Taixue, and Li Gefei was ordered to write the poem stele of emperor and minister's harmony in October of the sixth year of Yuanyou. Yuanyou four years (1089), the official university is.

In the first year of Shaosheng (1094), Zhang Dun was the prime minister. Zhang Shu, the Minister of Yuanyou, called Li Gefei to review and refused to take office. As a result, he offended and was released to the Guangxin Army (now the west of Suicheng, Xushui, Hebei). During his term of office, "some Taoists said that when people are in trouble or fortune, they will take a bus when they go out, and they will be confused by the common people. On the way of Gefei's encounter, he chided the left and right to pick up the Taoist priest in the car, cured him in poverty, and walked out of all the places with his staff. ". It shows the thought of hating evil arts, not believing in ghosts and gods, and opposing superstition. In the second year of Shaosheng (1095), Li Gefei was called as a scholar and a writer. He wrote his famous article "notes of famous gardens in Luoyang" in. The biography of Li Gefei in the history of Song Dynasty says: "tasting the famous garden of Luoyang, it is said that the rise and fall of Luoyang is the time for the world to control chaos. After that, Luoyang was trapped in the Jin Dynasty, and people thought that they knew what to say. " There are 19 famous gardens in Luoyang, which are recorded in 10 volumes. The officials and nobles of the Northern Song Dynasty were increasingly corrupt, and they built gardens everywhere for their own enjoyment. In his detailed description of these famous gardens, Li Gefei expressed his concern for the safety of the country. In 1097, Li Gefei was promoted to wailang, a member of the Ministry of rites.

In the first year of Chongning (1102), Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty excluded the old ministers of Yuanyou. Li Gefei was dismissed from office because he was ranked in Yuanyou party. In the biography of Li Gefei in the history of Song Dynasty, it is said that "if you want to point out the punishment and prison on Jingdong Road, just take the party membership." According to the rule that Yuanyou party members were "not allowed to be sent to Beijing", Li Gefei had to return to Mingshui with his family. In the first month of the fifth year of Chongning (1106), Yuanyou party members' steles were destroyed and the whole world was pardoned. In addition to the ban of all Party members, Yuanyou party members were recalled (see huizongji, the history of Song Dynasty). Li Gefei, LV Xizhe, Chao Buzhi and others "ordered the Ministry of officials and the prison temple to send them" (continued Zizhi Tongjian Shibu), but they were forbidden to visit the capital and Qianzhou county. "Jianmiao" is a short title without real power, so Li Gefei still lives in his original place. On March 8, 1108, Li Gefei accompanied Liang Yan, the then prefect of Qizhou, on a deep tour of Ganlu spring at the foot of Fuhui mountain on the east side of Li Li, and inscribed it on the stone wall beside the qiutang pool, with the title of "Uncle Li Gefei, the court invited Lang" (Qian Licheng county annals). The year of Li Gefei's death is unknown, and the biography of Li Gefei, the history of Song Dynasty, only contains: "death, sixty-one years."

Li Ge is not deliberately versed in poetry and prose. He says: "you can't be careless in writing. If you're not sincere, you can't work." Liu Kezhuang commented on his "elegant prose, meaningful, above Chao and Qin Dynasty, poetry is a little not catch", but also many good articles (Volume 3 of the sequel of Houcun Shihua). The famous garden of Luoyang is the representative of his prose. Lou Fang of the Southern Song Dynasty said that his prose "is no more than 200 words, and it should include the changes of the ups and downs of the infinite. It has a subtle meaning, and it has a warning. It's amazing to read it" (Volume 32 of Chonggu wenjue). He can also write poems, such as "passing Linzi" and "examination yard", which are clear and elegant, and are recited by people (Volume 3, sequel of Houcun Shihua). He has written 45 volumes of poems and essays, which are now lost (the same as the first book). The records of Luoyang famous gardens has been published in single edition since Song Dynasty, and now there are the editions of Baichuan Xuehai, baoyantang secret collection, Jinzhuo secretary and Sikuquanshu. Nine of his poems are recorded in volume 1031 of Quan Song Shi. The volume 2792 of Quan Song Wen contains one volume. His deeds can be seen in the biographies of volume 116 of Dongdu synopsis and Volume IV of song history.

Li Gefei was also a student of Su Shi and the father of Li Qingzhao.

Li Gefei has a lot of works. According to Yi Wen Zhi, the history of Song Dynasty, Li Gefei has sixteen volumes of the book of rites, five volumes of Historical Biographies, one volume of Luoyang famous garden and one volume of Yongluo city. In addition, "suishutang bibliography" and "Mr. Houcun's complete works · Shihua sequel" contained 45 volumes of "Li Gefei collection", "Jianquan diary" contained 45 volumes of "Ji Bei collection", and Zhang bangji's "Mo Zhuang man Lu" contained 45 volumes of "Lishui Ji". It's a pity that all the books have been lost. Now there is only one volume of Luoyang garden. Li Gefei's extant posthumous writings, fragments and bibliography can be found in Mr. Lian's preface (Zhangqiu county annals), after shuzhan guoce (xulu, Zhongxue ZhanGuoCe, by Yao Hong, Bing Yin, Shaoxing, Southern Song Dynasty), the stele of poems for the king and Minister of zhe Zongxing University in October of the sixth year of Ren Yuan Bai (Fengchuang Xiaodu), Fu yaoyu Shu (Zhongzhou Jinshi annals, by Bi Yuan), and the theory of ink breaking addiction (Zhang Xiaodu) Bangji's Mo Zhuang man Lu, two miscellaneous books (Mo Zhuang man Lu, renlengzhai Yehua), Li Gefei's Essays (Peng Cheng's Mo Ke waving rhinoceros), and Li Qingchen's Essays (Mr. Houcun's complete works: a sequel to Shi Hua).

Qilu Publishing House published the Chinese Confucius Foundation's "literature on Confucian stones - Qufu inscriptions", on page 169, we can see that the existing north wall of Dongzhai in Qufu's Konglin Sitang starts from the south of the first stone tablet, which reads: "tidian Xingju, Lixia Gefei, on the 28th day of the first month of the first year of Chongning (1102), Liuwu, Guo, Jue, meet, yuanmai, worship Linzhong."

Selected works

After the book of Luoyang famous gardens

It is said that Luoyang is in the middle of the world. It is the throat of the Qin and the long dynasties, and the gathering of the Zhao and the Wei dynasties is the place that the four parties must fight for. If there is nothing in the world, it will happen. If there is something, Luoyang must receive the army first. Yu Gu tasted and said, "the rise and fall of Luoyang is the time for the world to control chaos."

Between Zhenguan and Kaiyuan in the fangtang Dynasty, Gongqing and Guiqi were ranked the first in the eastern capital, which was called qianyudi; and their chaos was followed by the cool five seasons. The bamboo trees in the pond were trampled down by military vehicles and turned into ruins; the high pavilions and large pavilions were burned with fireworks and turned into ashes. Those who died together with the Tang Dynasty had no place left. Yu Gu tasted and said, "the rise and fall of gardens and gardens are the same in Luoyang."

If the prosperity and decline of Luoyang is due to the rise and fall of gardens, is it in vain?

Whoo! When Fang entered the court, he put his own interests in his own way, and forgot about the rule of the world. How can he get rid of this pleasure? The end of the Tang Dynasty!

Reference translation:

Now let me make a conclusion: Luoyang is located in the center of China. It controls Qinchuan and Longshan by the danger of Yaoshan and Mianchi. It also acts as a fortress of Zhao and Wei. It can be said that Luoyang is a place for all sides to fight. If China is safe and sound, Luoyang will be the first to suffer from the disaster of war in the event of chaos. Therefore, I once said, "the prosperity and decline of Luoyang is a harbinger of China's stability and war."

During the period of Zhenguan and Kaiyuan in the Tang Dynasty, there were more than a thousand families in Luoyang, the eastern capital of China. When there was turmoil, the cruel wars of Liang, Tang, Jin, Han and Zhou ensued. The pond bamboo trees in Luoyang were trampled by military vehicles and turned into ruins; the tall pavilions and open waterside pavilions were also burned by fireworks and turned into piles of ashes. They all died together with the Tang Dynasty, and there was no place left. Therefore, I once said, "the prosperity and abandonment of these gardens is a sign of the prosperity and decline of Luoyang."

Since China's stability and war can be seen from the signs of the rise and fall of Luoyang, and the rise and fall of Luoyang can be seen from the signs of the decline of these gardens, is it futile for me to write this book of Luoyang gardens?

Alas, when Gongqing and scholar bureaucrats were going to the court and officials, most of them indulged their selfish desires and did whatever they wanted, leaving the governance and chaos of the world aside. They want to enjoy the happiness of the forest and garden after they become an official. Can they do it? The decline of the Tang Dynasty is a lesson!

Character relationship

Wife: Wang (eldest daughter of Prime Minister Wang Yu)

Wang family (granddaughter of Wang Gongchen, number one scholar)

Daughter: Li Qingzhao, Yi'an Jushi

Son: Li Fu, appointed official of the imperial Bureau

Film and television image

Zhiyitong plays Li Gefei in 1981 film Li Qingzhao

In 1988, Sima Hualong played Li Gefei in the TV series Li Qingzhao

Shen Baoping plays Li Gefei in the 2007 TV series "beautiful woman in the breeze and the moon"

Chinese PinYin : Li Ge Fei