Li Tianfu

Li Tianfu

Li Tianfu (1635-1699), the word Xiangbei, Rong Zhai. The imperial examination was registered in Yongcheng County of Defu, a native of Hefei, who first moved from Huanggang. Wen Chen in the early Qing Dynasty.

In 1642, Zhang Xianzhong captured Luzhou Prefecture, and Li Tianfu took refuge with his family in Yongcheng, where he lived in the Zhao family. Shunzhi 14 years (1657) in the election, Shunzhi 15 years (1658) into Jinshi, change the Shu Ji Shi, granted review. Li Guan Shao Zhan Shi, Minister of the Ministry of work, Minister of the Ministry of punishment, Minister of the Ministry of war, Minister of the Ministry of officials. Kangxi 31 years (1692), worship wuyingdian bachelor. As an official, he was highly valued by Kangxi. Kangxi 38 years (1699) died, posthumous wending. His works include a thousand poems of Rong Zhai and the rest of Rong Zhai's poems.

Life of the characters

Childhood family history

Li Tianfu was born on the 24th of the first month of the eighth year of Chongzhen (1635) in the Ming Dynasty in Hefei County, Luzhou Prefecture. His ancestors moved from Huguang Huanggang to Hefei, Luzhou. Li Ying, a native of Huanggang, died in Yuanzhou at the beginning of Ming Dynasty. Li Liang, the third generation ancestor, began to confer the position of one hundred families in Luzhou Weizuo Institute. From then on, he lived in Hefei and passed on to Tianfu for seven generations. In the early Qing Dynasty, Li Wanhua, his father, was the governor of the capital, who was responsible for the water transportation of Shangjiang river. In the early Qing Dynasty, he was the governor of the capital, and he loved bin you. He was also the son of chongranuo. He had three sons, and Tianfu was the leader. When Li's mother Qu was pregnant with Li Tianfu, it was the first time that Zhang Xianzhong led his troops to besiege Luzhou. After being surrounded for seven days, the people in Luzhou were all in fear, but Qu took his time and managed his family affairs as usual. When the city was about to be conquered, the Qu family was still leaning on the well fence and sitting in the pipe, but he was safe with his righteous life. A neighbor was surprised and asked how she could be so calm? Qu said, "if you meet a thief, you will die. Why are you afraid to do it?" Before long, Wu Dapu, the magistrate of Luzhou, used fire attack to repel the enemy, but Zhang Xianzhong's first siege failed. Li Tianfu was born when the rebels retreated. In 1642, Li Tianfu was seven years old. Zhang Xianzhong besieged Luzhou for the second time. This time, Luzhou city was captured. Li Tianfu fled with his parents and traveled between Chaoxian, Guabu, Jingkou, Xishan and Wuchang. Although wandering, still insist on reading every day. According to the epitaph of Mrs. Li Mu and Mrs. Qu Tai in the collection of Zhang Wenzhen in the Qing Dynasty, Mrs. Qu's residence is a little settled, and Mrs. Tai is the dictator's book After living with his family in Yongcheng County Shijiao Zhao Shuncheng family, because of Yongcheng native. Li Tianfu was smart when he was young. At the age of seven, he was able to write poems and was known as a child prodigy. His mother, Qu Shi, once warned him: "when we are faced with many difficulties, the door is declining. The hope of prospering the clan lies in the son." Every time Li Tianfu said this, he would sob and shed tears. In the early years of Shunzhi, the Qing government attached great importance to water transportation, and Li Wanhua, Li Tianfu's father, transferred the capital to Shangjiang's various guards, so as to drive them, not to mention home food. He often said to his children, "your father is diligent in dealing with the affairs of the king. When you come back, you will be responsible for your father's way and your teacher's way. Do you dare to blame me with your mother's way?" Therefore, despite the hardships of migration, children are still strictly supervised to read. Li Tianfu was gifted and hardworking. He recited tens of thousands of words every day and sometimes did not rest until the third night. Every one is an article, and every one is a companion.

Official career

In the 14th year of Shunzhi (1657), Li Tianfu took the provincial examination in Yongcheng, Henan Province. According to the records of Guangxu Nanpi County annals, Volume 13, art and culture annals, special records of Kechang, Li Tianfu took part in Ding Youke's rural examination in the 14th year of Shunzhi. Liu Shen, a native of Nanpi, was the same examiner in Jiangnan. "After reading the articles for several days, he didn't recommend them, but he promoted them. He wrote a volume and said," this is the only volume in a certain house. The article is very valuable. In the future, he will be the Prime Minister of Taiping We are too few, so we are too late. Mr. Gu said: one Kui is enough for Da Shun to make music. Why are there so many peaches and plums? Then he entered the list, and the number of his name was Tianfu, the Duke of Li wending. Later, Wen set up his reputation and meritorious deeds. As Mr. Wang said, people in the city are able to do it today. " In addition, according to the biography of Ding Peng in the draft of the history of the Qing Dynasty, "Ding Peng tasted the local examination in Henan Province and got a wonderful volume. With the examination, please set the second, Peng said: this famous person also! Bangfa is Li Tianfu in Luyang. The speaker said, "I've used the eyes of the world to evaluate the literature, and I've lost this scholar!" He became a Jinshi in 1658, ranking among the top three and 109. He was a good scholar in the Imperial Academy. in 1661, the 18th year of Shunzhi (1661), the school was divided into two groups. In the winter of the same year, Zhang's mother (his father's original wife, not his biological mother) died of illness and returned to his hometown to keep filial piety. Take away, make up the original official. in 1668, his father Li Wanhua died, and his father Ding was worried. Ten years (1671), Fu Yi, supplement the original official. In the 11th year of Kangxi (1672), he was the Deputy examiner of tianwu township. He moved to the Imperial College to welcome his mother, Mrs. Qu Tai, to Beijing. Professor Jin Hanlin. In 1675, he was promoted to a Bachelor of science. In the first month of the 15th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi (1676), he was transferred to a bachelor's degree. In October, full day talks about daily life. In December, the government promoted the government and the government reduced the government. Li Tianfu was kind to his subordinates, especially recommended talents, such as Li Yindu, Qin Songling and Zhao Jinmei, who were recommended by Li Tianfu when he was a bachelor. For the single door cold, it is Acacia, for fear that it will not be used. In August of the 16th year of Emperor Kangxi's reign (1677), he was promoted to cabinet bachelor and Minister of rites. In 1678, Li Tianfu and Xiang Jingxiang recommended him to take part in the examination of erudite ci poetry, but he declined to accept his illness. in the first month of the 18th year of Kangxi (1679), he served as a preacher of Jingyan. In September, Chongwu will test the examiners. If Tianfu had any idea, he would tell it directly, and Kangxi had more ideas. In April of 1680, the court ordered Li Tianfu, together with his bachelor, Mingzhu, and others, to cooperate with the three law departments to conduct a detailed trial of the serious cases that had been settled. If there was any doubt, they would be punished with a lighter punishment. in February of the 20th year of Kangxi (1681), he was promoted to the left Shilang of the household department. As soon as he took office, someone wanted to bribe him. Tianfu rebuked him and said, "I'm in the ministry one day. You and Cao have no hope of doing this." People are moving color, hand phase caution. in February of 1682, he was appointed as the Deputy examiner of the examination. in September of the 23rd year of Kangxi (1684), he was transferred to Zuo Shilang of the Ministry of officials. During his five years in the Ministry of official affairs, Li Tianfu was upright and upright, and had nothing to do with himself. He was especially valued by Kangxi for his duty of promoting purity and arousing turbidity. In 1685, he served as the vice president of political code. In February 1688, he was promoted to minister of the Ministry of industry. In March, Kangxi summoned Jin Fu, the governor of the river, and Yu Chenglong, the governor of Zhili, to Beijing to perform the task of harnessing the Yellow River. Jin Fu suggested that a heavy dike should be built at gaojiayan to cut off the water and clear the outlet, so as not to let the water return to the river; Yu Chenglong advocated that the river should be built and dredged. Li Tianfu was ordered to discuss with Jiuqing. Later, Li Tianfu wrote: "when I asked Jin Fu and Yu Chenglong in accordance with the order, they all insisted on what they said before, which is the same as what they played yesterday. The officials and other officials agreed that the river should be opened, and the construction of heavy dikes should be stopped. " Kangxi followed. In May of the same year, he was transferred to minister of the Ministry of punishment. He followed the old canon and treated the prisoners with tranquility. Seeing that most of the prisoners died of hunger and cold in prison, he bought wood and built houses to live according to the severity of their crimes. Upholding the principle of fairness and strictness in law enforcement, many prisoners who had previously been sentenced to death were saved. For example, county magistrate Li Fangguang was sentenced to death, but Li Tianfu said: "he has always had a good reputation", so he was able to reduce the punishment and was soon pardoned; there was a murderer, and all the officials held the theory of paying for his life, Li Tianfu said: "this is the enemy who broke his father's foot first, revenge for his father, can be forgiven", so he was reduced. In a big case, when it came to the Ministry of punishment, all the councillors said that the death penalty should be imposed. Li Tianfu investigated his injustice and only said that he should not die. Kangxi finally followed his advice. In December, he was transferred to minister of the Ministry of war. In May of the 29th year of Kangxi (1690), the Ministry of officials took the county magistrate as the official and ordered the ministers to give their names. Li Tianfu recommended Peng Peng, the magistrate of Sanhe County, and Lu Longqi, the magistrate of Lingshou county. Kangxi agreed to follow, and said: "Lu Longqi and Peng served as honest officials. As far as I know, I will take them." In June of the 30th year of Kangxi (1691), he was transferred to the Ministry of official affairs. After arriving at the post, the candidates were the most skillful ones. The Ministry of officials "restored to one of the Qing Dynasty". In October of the 31st year of Kangxi (1692), he was awarded the bachelor degree of wuyingdian. The Emperor Kangxi said, "it's an important task for the maintenance of the aircraft. You can't use people who are happy. I see that Li Tianfu is mature, clear and prudent. He is good at learning and practicing. I know that he will never make trouble. " In June of the 32nd year of Kangxi (1693), Mrs. Qu Tai, Li Tianfu's biological mother, died in Beijing. Kangxi said, "Li Tianfu has not been in the cabinet for a long time, but he has not been near Fangyin, and he has not been able to develop his skills. He quickly returns to his native place and deeply touches my heart." he ordered Dai Tong, a cabinet scholar, to give the imperial book "zhensongtang" with a seal on it, saying "treasure of Kangxi's imperial pen"; he also gave a volume of Li Tianfu's imperial book, saying: "Confucianism should explore the origin." We should cultivate virtue step by step and guard ourselves. A word or a move is not sincere, but Jiamo and Jiayou will tell you. Si Guang praised Xi Wen as a scholar of Zhou Xing. " A total of 47 words, at the end of the book, "Guiyou imitate Songxue Taoist brushwork.". The seal at the head of the volume also uses "the treasure of Kangxi imperial pen". On the day after Li Tianfu left Beijing, Kangxi said to the ministers, "Li Tianfu has served me for more than 30 years. Three years is easy, so there is no need to make up for this official. ". Li Tianfu escorted his mother's coffin to his hometown by boat. When the boat passed Chaohu Lake, it was in winter. The water dried up, and when the boat arrived, the water surged several feet, and when the boat passed, it fell as before. In the 34th year of Kangxi (1695), when Li Tianfu was deposed, Kangxi called him to serve as an official. In June of the 36th year of Kangxi (1697), Li Tianfu became the president of the strategy of calming Shuo desert after the Qing government calmed down geerdan.

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