Tule Village

Tule Village

Tule village, an administrative village under the jurisdiction of Shiqiao Town, Panxian County, Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province, is a traditional Chinese village. It is located in the north of Shiqiao Town, 28 km away from the county seat and only 1 km away from Shiqiao Town. It is adjacent to Nanchong village in the south, Yutang village and Dongchong village in the East, Lufan village in the West and Xichong village in the north, covering an area of 15 square kilometers.

On November 17, 2014, Tule village was listed in the third batch of Chinese traditional villages by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development, the Ministry of culture and the Ministry of finance.

In November 2018, Tule village was listed as "national ecological and cultural village in 2018" by China ecological and Cultural Association.

Village history

Tuole village was built in the Ming Dynasty. At that time, Zhu Yuanzhang was transferred to the north for expedition to the south. Fu Youde's army was garrisoned in Panxian County in the Ming Dynasty. Most of the villagers are from Nanjing and are descendants of Fu Youde's soldiers.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Tuole village was subordinate to Lemin District of Panxian county.

In 1984, it was under the jurisdiction of Shiqiao Town.

In April 1992, the district was withdrawn and the township was merged. Shiqiao Township and Lufan Township were merged into Shiqiao Town, and Tule village remained under the jurisdiction of Shiqiao Town.

geographical environment

Location context

Tule village is located in the north of Shiqiao Town, 28 km away from the county seat and only 1 km away from Shiqiao Town. It is adjacent to Nanchong village in the south, Yutang village and Dongchong village in the East, Lufan village in the West and Xichong village in the north, covering an area of 15 square kilometers.

topographic features

Tule village is located in the gorge area surrounded by mountains, a typical karst landform area, with large undulating terrain and dense lava distribution. The altitude is between 1053-1993 meters, with an average altitude of 1700 meters.

climate

Tule village belongs to subtropical humid summer and dry spring warm climate zone, with enough heat, abundant rainfall, basically the same season of rain and heat, and sufficient light.

Hydrovegetation

There is only one Tuo River in the two mountains on the East and west sides of Tuole village. There are ancient silver apricot forest and ancient arhat pine forest on the nearby mountains.

Village pattern

Site selection concept

The site selection of Tule village is characterized by mountain back and water front. The East and west sides of the valley are continuous mountains, and the mountain vegetation is mainly evergreen arbor forest, which is not only the defense barrier of ancient and modern times, but also the ecological barrier of Tule village.

spatial distribution

Tuole village is in a pattern of left and right maintenance. The village is located in the hillside section on the west side of Tuohe river. There are continuous mountains on both sides for defense, Houyan mountain in the West and Duimen mountain in the East. The Tuohe river flows slowly in the middle of the valley bottom between the two mountains, and the cultivated land is on both sides of the river. The passage goes from south to north. The layout of the main building complex keeps a certain distance from the Tuohe River, which is a typical location layout close to water conservancy and avoiding flood. On the one hand, it is convenient for domestic and production water, on the other hand, it can be used in case of fire. The building construction is gradually raised along the slope of the mountain to avoid natural disasters caused by flood.

The traditional pattern of Tuole village is characterized by the row house buildings which are arranged along the contour line of the hillside and the foundation is raised layer by layer. The building group has obvious growth traces. From the vision of xiangmen mountain, we can clearly see the echo relationship between the building and the contour line of the terrain. There is a courtyard dam on the east side of the row house building, and there are dense ancient ginkgo trees in front of and behind the courtyard dam, showing a unique pattern of stacked row houses and trees accompanying people. As a result, the mountain roads inside the village also form a "Zhi" road network system along the contour line.

The traditional village space of Tuole village is bounded by the Tuohe river. Along the entrance of xiamaqiao village, there are lots of dwellings on the west side of the river, which are arranged in rows along the contour line. On the east side of the river, there is a temple, called Xilai temple, which forms the zoning pattern of the front temple and the back village. The living space and public activity space are facing each other across the river. Historically, the roads to the village are located in the east side of the Tuohe River, while the residential areas are located in the west side of the Tuohe river. Therefore, a number of ancient bridges from south to north have been formed. Among them, Shangma bridge and Xiama bridge are closely related to the ancient village of Tuole, and the space limited nodes to enter the ancient village.

The traditional buildings in Tuole village mainly consist of two types: one is row house, the other is quadrangle house. First of all, the three Bay flat is the basic unit. With the development and growth of the family, it is expanded on the left and right sides of the building, forming a long strip-shaped building plan. The distribution of siheyuan is less in Tule village, including Siheyuan in front of the village and Zhang's Siheyuan on the slope of Houcun.

Wisdom of building a village

Tuole village is located in the hillside area on the west side of Tuohe river. There are continuous high mountains on both sides for defense. Houyan mountain is in the West and Duimen mountain is in the East. Tuohe river flows through the middle of valley bottom between the two mountains. There are farmland on both sides of the river, and the passage goes south and North. The layout of the main buildings should keep a certain distance from the Tuohe River, which can avoid flooding. On the one hand, it is convenient for domestic and production water, on the other hand, it can be used in case of fire.

Economic society

population

According to the official website of the April 2020 Digital Museum of traditional Chinese villages, Tuolai village is mainly Han, with a registered residence population of 4688 and China's permanent population of 4688.

Economics

Tole village is dominated by tourism, ginkgo industry and agriculture.

According to the official website of Digital Museum of traditional Chinese villages in April 2020, the collective annual income of Tule village is 3 million yuan, and the average annual income of villagers is 6988 yuan.

Main attractions

Lu's long house

Located on the southwest slope of the village, Lu's long house is the longest building in Tule village. It has nine rooms and faces east. It was built in different times. The earliest ancestral house can be traced back to the Ming Dynasty. The main structure of the building is a bucket like wooden structure, suspended on the hillside roof, covered with green tiles, with waist flowers on both sides of the ridge. The maintenance structure of the building's gable and back wall is rammed earth and bamboo strips. The walls and windows are made of solid wood without window pattern.

Xilai Temple

Xilai temple was built in 1632, the fifth year of Chongzhen reign of Ming Dynasty. It is also known as the two famous temples in gupanzhou together with Danxiashan Huguo temple in Shuitang town of Panxian county. Xilai temple is located on the hillside of the East Bank of the Tuohe River in front of the village. It faces the East and faces the West. It covers an area of more than 600 square meters. It is a group of quadrangle buildings. The main building is a front and back two three Bay wooden structure halls with a single eaves on the top of the hill. It is covered by small green tiles and the main ridge is made of exquisite animals. There is a thousand year old osmanthus tree in front of the hall.

Zhang's courtyard

Zhang's courtyard is located at a higher position on the back slope of the village, where the terrain is relatively flat. It is a two-way courtyard with wooden structure. The building was first built in the Ming Dynasty and is located on the four stone steps. It is also a residential building with a long history in the village. The main building is a three Bay wooden structure with a bucket. The exposed room is slightly higher than the secondary room. The two sides of the main ridge are pointed. The wing room has two floors. The ancient ginkgo trees are densely distributed in the front and back of the house.

Lu's courtyard

Located on the hillside of the west side of Tule village, Lushi Sanheyuan was built in the Qing Dynasty. It is located on the four stone steps. It is the residence of Zhang, the richest man in Tule village. The first building is a group of siheyuan. Now only the main building and the north wing are left.

Zhang's tomb

Zhang's tomb is located in the northeast of the village, which includes the tomb of his two wives and concubines as well as the owner's. The original pattern of the ancient tomb is clear, and the tombstone is well preserved. The stone of the courtyard wall was demolished in the "broken four old" period. The Longmen arch was carved with the whole stone. The tombstone was well preserved, and there were traces of cave stealing on the top of the tomb.

Ancient post road

The ancient post road in Tuole village is about 1 km long, which is a part of the ancient tea horse road. The well preserved ancient post road is about 300 meters long, and the paving material is the local unique Douban stone.

History and culture

The origin of place names

The name of Tuole village is derived from Yi language.

festival activities

The Torch Festival

"Torch Festival" is the most common and ceremonious traditional festival of the Yi people. This festival is scheduled to be held on June 24 of the ancient calendar every year. At the torch festival, the men, women and children of the Yi people gather together to kill cattle and offer sacrifices to the leaders of the Yi people. When the night comes, the scene will be more lively. They put on costumes, wear all kinds of jewelry, and jump around a burning bonfire Dance, bench dragon dance.

 

Traditional dance

Traditional dance of Tuole includes wizards, Devils (local name is Duangong and Niang; there are the theories of learning good people with good people and dancing fake gods with the teachers' mothers). Compared with the distinctive dance, the number of bench dance and money bar dance is required.

The bench dance uses the local bench with the eight immortals table as props; the money stick dance uses the long bamboo tube with a string of copper coins as props. Sometimes it is like a golden rooster, sometimes it is like a dragon entering the water, sometimes it is like a dragon soaring into the sky. Although the materials of the props are simple, they all reflect the joy of farmers' harvest and turning over.

 

Clothing

Yi nationality's clothing is a combination of various decoration techniques, which is beautiful and generous, rich and changeable patterns, calm and harmonious color, simple and clear tone. In the application of color, the Yi people are the best

Chinese PinYin : Tuo Le Cun