Yuliang Village

Yuliang Village

Yuliang village, located in Huicheng Town, Shexian County, Anhui Province, was selected as the second batch of famous historical and cultural towns and villages in China in September 2005. Village characteristics are mainly reflected in the natural environment landscape, village form, spatial pattern, various types of historical buildings and distinctive human characteristics.

Rural landscape

Yuliang village is located 1.5 km southeast of Shexian County, covering an area of 8.2 hectares. It looks like a fish. The name of Yuliang came from Ba in Tang Dynasty. The overall pattern of Yuliang is well preserved. Yuliang dam and water transportation wharf are the most characteristic elements of the village.

Yuliangba was built by Wang Hua, an official of the Sui Dynasty. It was made of granite with Hui Style tenons, which firmly "locked" the huge stones. The dam is divided into three water gates on the left, middle and right. The water flows on the left for a long time, and the middle and right water gates prevent both flood and drought.

History and culture

Traditional ancient buildings in ancient villages account for 65% of the total number of ancient village buildings. Among them, 320 are well preserved. Along the river, there is an east-west Main Street, vertical to which more than 10 alleys are derived. The same color of wooden platoon shops and the same color of stone pavement make the commercial street very characteristic. The prosperous commercial street and quiet alleys constitute the characteristic street space in Yuliang village, which is an uncommon Huizhou Ancient commercial street.

Village population

Yuliang village is located in Huicheng Town, Shexian County, Anhui Province. It has two villager groups, with a total of 405 people from 137 households. The number of rural labor resources is 286, and 242 people are working age. The number of rural employees is 283, including 241 people of working age, including 136 men, 147 women and 204 agricultural employees. The total area of cultivated land is 246 mu, including 209 mu of paddy field and 37 mu of dry land.

famous scenery

Yuliang dam

If you want to visit Shexian County, Anhui Province, you must go to Yuliang dam, which is known as "Jiangnan Dujiangyan". It is located 3 kilometers south of Shexian County, the ancient Huizhou City. Huizhou merchants, who had been brilliant for a time, had to start here when they arrived in Qiantang and Yangzhou, which can be called "the place where the dream began" for Huizhou merchants. Today, the winding blue stone streets, the lonely white walls and tiles, and the row upon row of old houses on both sides of Yuliang village all testify to the former prosperity of this port.

Shexian county was the seat of Huizhou government in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The only golden waterway between Huizhou and Hangzhou, Nanjing, Shanghai, etc. was Xin'anjiang. Yuliang village came into being because of its close proximity to Xin'anjiang River, and became the most prosperous water transportation commercial port and commercial district in Huizhou at that time. It used to be a place where merchants, sailors and porters gathered, and it was a transit place for all kinds of goods.

"Yuliangba", an ancient water conservancy project, is now a key cultural relic protection unit in China. It is magnificent with the roaring waves, splashing water and emptying snow. The dam is made of granite weighing several tons. It is said that when Huizhou merchants were at their peak, there were more than 300 ships of different sizes on the docks. It can be imagined that a thousand sails race across the wide Xin'an River, with porters and merchants shuttling between the docks and commercial banks. It is amazing that "this prosperity has lasted for hundreds of years.".

Yuliang ancient street

Yuliang is close to mountains and water. The ancient Xin'an Road, similar to the architectural style of the ancient Great Wall, connects the ancient city with Yuliang. Xin'an ancient road was the only way for Huizhou merchants to and from Huizhou in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Yuliang is one of the important waterways and wharves in ancient Huizhou, and Yuliang commercial street was formed. Yuliang street is winding for one kilometer, with cobbles arranged in an orderly way, commonly known as Yulin street. Wooden houses are arranged on both sides of the street, with heavy buildings overhanging the eaves, covering more than half of the street. Standing on the street, looking up, the blue sky seems to be in a line. The old-fashioned door storefront, all kinds of shops and shop names still exist. The Yuliang dam in the south of the street is not only a major water conservancy project of ancient she, but also a major landscape of Yuliang. Under the dam, flying pearls and splashing jade, rolling snow waves, magnificent. From yuliangba walk a hundred steps ashore, across the Xianqiao to Xin'an first pass - Xin'an pass. From Xin'an pass to Ziyang bridge, you can see Ziyang mountain, where Zhu songjielu, the father of Neo Confucianism Master Zhu Xi, gave lectures. Ziyang Academy was built here in Ming Dynasty.

Yuliangyi

Yuliang was Tongjing Avenue in ancient times, and Yuliang post was set up in Song Dynasty. Yuliang, located 1.5 kilometers southeast of Shexian County, covers an area of 8.2 hectares with a population of 1770. The village was formed in the Tang Dynasty. In about 759 A.D., the Yao family moved to Yuliang and developed into a village similar to Yuliang. There are 430 traditional ancient buildings in the ancient village, accounting for 65% of the total number of ancient village buildings.

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Anecdotes of Yu Liang

Impression of Yu Liang

Shexian county was still the seat of Huizhou government in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Therefore, Yuliang ancient village came into being because of its close proximity to Xin'anjiang River, and became the most prosperous water transportation commercial port and commercial district in Huizhou at that time. When we talk about the ancient village of Yuliang, we have to mention the "Yuliang dam". This ancient water conservancy project is a national key cultural relic protection unit, with a length of 143 meters and a bottom width of 27 meters. Every spring and summer, the water rises, the turbulence flows down the three water gates, the sound of the waves roars, and the snow empties, which is very spectacular. The dam is made of granite weighing several tons.

The lower end of yuliangba is the "Xin'an first pass". This pass was built in the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. Huizhou merchants passed this pass, which means that there are more "passes" to break through.

Hu Xiaoxiang, a resident of Yuliang street, is over 70 years old. When she was young, she worked as a porter on the water transportation wharf for a long time. She told reporters that the ancient village of Yuliang used to be a gathering place for businessmen, sailors and porters, as well as a transit place for all kinds of goods.

When Huizhou merchants were most prosperous, more than 300 boats and boats were often docked on the docks. Thousands of sails sailed across the broad Xin'an River, and porters and merchants shuttled between the docks and commercial banks. "This prosperity lasted for hundreds of years.".

Before and after liberation, Shexian county built a road leading to Hangzhou, and a large hydropower station was built in the lower reaches of Xin'an River. The water transportation route from Yuliang to Qiantang River was cut off artificially, and the prosperous fishing beam declined from then on.

Today, when you walk on Yuliang street, you can see the old style wooden houses with the same color on both sides. You can still taste the strong Huizhou charm when you see many ancient shop names and old village names.

One hundred years of tonghetang

There are still more than 100 old houses on Yuliang street. Tonghetang is the most complete and still inhabited one.

Xu Guangfu, 74, is the sixth generation owner of Tonghe hall. Xu Guangfu said that the old house has a history of more than 100 years, and his grandchildren are the eighth generation of "descendants".

"Tong He Tang" has 10 large and small rooms, the space layout is broad, we can see that the original builders of the generous degree. Despite the vicissitudes of a century, the Xu family's old house is still in good condition. The hollowing out of the window pattern, door edge and wooden column are all intact, and the carvings are very exquisite. "It's due to the desperate protection of the whole family." Lao Xu said that in the far left era, they pasted the carvings on the house with mud, and then pasted "slogans" on it

Xu Guangfu said that when he was a child, the streets were very busy and his family was rich in business. Lao Xu said that his ancestors were from Zhejiang Province, and he was engaged in the business of agricultural tools. Later, he changed to the business of cloth and clothing. Because of the convenient transportation of Yuliang, he bought this old house.

Although it has been in a state of depression and lost its former prosperity, Xu Guangfu, who has lived here all his life, is unwilling to leave. He likes the plants and trees here, the old houses here and the taste of Xinanjiang River.

The transformation of ancient commercial banks

One of the most distinctive features of the houses in Yuliang old street is "both shops and houses". There are front shops and back houses, front shops and back houses, lower shops and upper houses, and mixed houses. And "badaofu transport through the pond" is a typical front shop in the square after the house style building, mainly engaged in tea and other groceries.

Now, judging from the area of the old shops preserved in Yuliang street, "badaofu transport through the pond" is the largest business in the whole Yuliang street. "Badaofu" is the name of the person, and "guotangxing" is the meaning of goods transfer wholesale shop.

The furnishings are the same here, but the busy scene is no longer there. There is a huge counter in the middle of the front hall of the shop. The owner told reporters that the counter had been placed for nearly a hundred years and had never been moved.

When the reporter walked into the business, seven old people were sitting in it chatting. The 71 year old Hu Xiaoxiang said that they are all 70 or 80 years old, because it's cool in the old house. When it's free, the old people around like to gather here to talk. After the decline of the business, the old people often come here, or play chess or chat, very leisurely. The business in the past has now become the "elderly activity center".

Fish head drinking black water

Xie Shengbin, an 82 year old boatman, said that in the past, when people were thirsty, they could bend down and drink the river water. But the water here was dirty even when they washed clothes. It changed a lot.

Yuliang street is about 1000 meters long. The whole ancient village is close to mountains and rivers. It is high in the middle and low at both ends. It is very like a swimming carp. All the roads are inlaid with cobblestones of different sizes, just like "fish scales". The whole village is like a giant carp swimming in the rain

The reporter saw that at the entrance of Yuliang street, a stream passed through the "fish head". Because of the weeds on both sides of the stream, tourists only heard the sound of the stream, but could not see clearly

Chinese PinYin : Yu Liang Cun