Zhenshan Village

Zhenshan village is a natural village where Buyi people live together.

Zhenshan is located in the middle section of Huaxi Reservoir. It is located on the peninsula surrounded by water on three sides. The total area of the village is 3.8 square kilometers. The turtle shaped half of the mountain faces each other across the water, and the scenery is beautiful. The village is like an ancient castle. The city wall is built against the mountain, and it is made of large regular stones. The city gate is built with stone arches. For example, the walls and courtyard dams of houses are built with small stone slabs, while the roof is built with irregular stone slabs instead of green tiles. The pavement and the steps of alleys are all paved with large stone slabs. If you look at the water tanks for villagers, the dry tanks for grain storage, and even the mangers, almost all the utensils and the statues in the mountain temples are carved out of stone.

Zhenshan Village

Zhenshan village is located on a peninsula in the middle of Huaxi Reservoir, Shiban Town, Huaxi District, Guiyang City, adjacent to Huaxi scenic spot. It is a typical ethnic village. There are 5 villager groups in the village, with more than 140 households, mainly Buyi.

Zhenshan village, with its long history, simple ethnic customs and rich folk culture, was approved as "Guizhou Zhenshan ethnic culture protection village" in 1993 and "Guizhou provincial cultural relics protection unit" in 1995. In 2000, China and Norway signed the Oslo Agreement to build the Bouyei ecological museum in Zhenshan village with the support of the Norwegian government. Since then, its tourism development has entered a prosperous period.

In January 2019, Zhenshan village was selected as the seventh batch of famous historical and cultural villages in China.

Historical evolution

According to the epitaph of General Li Renyu, the village was built in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (1573-1620). In the 28th year of the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (1600), Li Renyu was ordered to enter Guizhou as a military officer to garrison troops in Anshun, and the grain road of Guangshun was opened in the middle of Guizhou. So he moved his family to shibanshao town to build a fort and garrison troops. His wife died of acclimatization and Li Renyu entered the village Zhuzhenshan, who is related to the ban family, has a history of more than 400 years. Now the villagers are mainly Li and ban. Buyi language is the second native language area of Zhuang Dai language branch of Zhuang Dong language family of Sino Tibetan language family. Because the mountainous area of the town is located in the suburb of Guiyang and has long been associated with the Han nationality, most of the villagers speak Chinese except the old people who can speak Buyi.

geographical environment

Zhenshan village is a natural village where Buyi people live together. It is 21 km southwest of Guiyang and 11 km northwest of Huaxi. The village can be reached by boat about 4 km from Huaxi dam. The transportation is very convenient.

Zhenshan is located in the middle section of Huaxi Reservoir. It is located on the peninsula surrounded by water on three sides. The total area of the village is 3.8 square kilometers. The turtle shaped half of the mountain faces each other across the water, and the scenery is beautiful. The village is like an ancient castle. The city wall is built against the mountain, and it is made of large regular stones. The city gate is built with stone arches. For example, the walls and courtyard dams of houses are built with small stone slabs, while the roof is built with irregular stone slabs instead of green tiles. The pavement and the steps of alleys are all paved with large stone slabs. If you look at the water tanks for villagers, the dry tanks for grain storage, and even the mangers, almost all the utensils and the statues in the mountain temples are carved out of stone.

The geographical coordinates are 106 ° 37'e and 26 ° 37'n

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Economic overview

2010

There are 158 households and 677 people in Zhenshan village, mainly of Buyi Nationality. The village covers an area of 2.5 square kilometers, including 927 mu of cultivated land and 2663 mu of barren mountain village. In 2005, the total income of the rural economy was about 1.5 million yuan, and the per capita net income was more than 2000 yuan, mainly food crops, vegetables, fruits and medicinal materials planting, breeding, and agritainment tourism accounted for a certain proportion.

History and culture

The village is divided into upper and lower villages. The upper village belongs to the ancient Tunpu district. The dwellings are all within the Tun wall. Most of them are courtyard dwellings with wooden structure. They are decorated with slate walls, covered with slate roofs and paved with slate patios. The main room is three or five rooms wide, with a swallowing mouth. Besides the main door, the main room also has a waist door. There is a hairpin on the top of the gate, with sunflower pattern or the word "fortune". The main hall has a shrine. The wood carvings on the windows of Ming dynasty or second time are exquisite. Sanhe houses are equipped with facing doors, which are not in the same axis with the main door. Xiazhai was originally built on the riverside. In 1958, due to the construction of Huaxi Reservoir, it was moved to the "chair shaped" area under the Tun wall. The residents are of three row cascade structure, no courtyard, no partition wall and wooden structure. The main road in the village can lead to Xiazhai wharf from Tuen Mun, and the alleys lead to the residents, forming a rich architectural space.

famous scenery

In 2010, Zhenshan village has a historical and traditional building area of 4000 square meters. In addition to traditional houses, there is also a temple, a stone wall of 1600m, two stone gates, two activity places and one wharf.

Stone Lane: the embodiment of the village's mountain style. From the north gate to the south gate, there is a trunk road about 120 m long and more than 3 m wide. There are stone steps in the east-west direction that lead to each household. The footpaths rise up. There are rows of dwellings. The courtyard space is complete and the distribution is scattered, forming a rich architectural outline. The stone path of Shangzhai is about 100 m long and 2 m wide. It is all paved with stone strips. From the stone steps, it can reach the highest residence in the village. Along the two sides of the stone path, there are traditional dwellings made of stone and wood. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Shangzhai villagers have come in and out from it, and it still plays its role as a production and living channel for villagers.

Wu Temple: it was built in the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty (1573-1620) and rebuilt in the 34th year of Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty (1908). It covers an area of 250 square meters with five rooms wide and 15 meters high. The hatchback and hall have been destroyed. The main hall was repaired in 1995, and there is an exhibition of historical pictures of Zhenshan.

Tun wall: it was built in the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty. Qing Dynasty repair, bluestone masonry. Although most of the city walls have collapsed, the whole foundation of the city has been preserved. The city wall (now located in the middle of the village) is more than 700 meters long, 5-10 meters high and 3-4 meters wide. The city wall is 3 meters thick and has facilities such as war roads. There are two gates in the South and North, and a gate tower. At present, the south gate is well preserved and the top part of the arch of the north gate is damaged. It is a municipal cultural relic protection unit.

On the right side of Zhenshan village, there is the tomb of Li Renyu, the ancestor of Li Renyu, which is about 1.5 meters high. The tombstone is inscribed with the tomb of General Li Renyu. Li Renyu is a native of Luling County, Jiangxi Province. He was awarded four grades by the Ming court for his meritorious service. Another stone tablet records the history of ruzhuzhenshan. On the top of the mountain to the east of the town are the tombs of Li Renyu's two sons, who were named general dewu and general Zhenwu by the Ming government.

Culture

Village festival

On the 10th day of the first month of each year, more than 10000 people from Buyi and Miao ethnic groups in Shiban town take part in the "tiaocheng" activity, which includes playing Lusheng, dancing, sparrow fighting, etc. "June 6" in the lunar calendar is a traditional festival of the Buyi people. A duel is held in the village.

Village diet

The main food of the villagers is rice. They have their own brewing rice wine, Chenopodium album wine and low alcohol. Home dishes include konjac, bacon, sausage, dried tofu, wild vegetables, glutinous rice flower, bean flower, bean sour soup, shade pepper, fried black glutinous rice.

protect

In order to save and protect the cultural relics of the Buyi Nationality in Zhenshan, and make them reasonably developed and utilized in the social and economic development strategy of "taking tourism as the leader" in cooperation with the people of Huaxi District.

In 1993, the Provincial Department of culture and the investigation team of Huaxi District Bureau of culture and broadcasting conducted an investigation on the cultural relics of Zhenshan. In July of the same year, the Provincial Department of culture submitted the investigation report to the provincial government, and the provincial government office (1993) No. 178 officially approved Zhenshan as a "national cultural protection village". At the end of the same year, the Provincial Department of culture allocated special funds for the rescue protection and renovation of Zhenshan's national cultural heritage and village appearance.

In 1995, with the approval of the provincial government, Zhenshan village was a provincial cultural relic protection unit. In the same year, the Provincial Department of culture allocated 100000 yuan to reinforce and repair Zhenshan temple. In order to strengthen international cultural exchanges and cooperation. In April 1995, the Provincial Department of culture specially invited experts from China and Norway to visit Zhenshan. Through this visit, experts from China and Norway purposefully listed Zhenshan in the construction plan of ecological museum group.

In April 1998, Mr. Baishan, Norwegian ambassador to China, visited Zhenshan. At the beginning of October 1998, the State Administration of cultural relics, the Chinese Museum Society, and Norwegian cultural experts visited Zhenshan again. This time, Zhenshan was officially listed as one of the international projects of Sino Norwegian cultural cooperation - Guizhou ecological museum group. On March 16, 1999, Norwegian environment minister Gulu Faylan signed a letter of intent on cooperation with Zhang Wenbin, director of the State Administration of cultural relics, in Beijing. The next day, environment minister Gulu fayeran led officials of the Norwegian National Heritage Bureau to visit Zhenshan. On April 23 of the same year, Mrs. torbyan jacquelankai, former Prime Minister and chairman of the Labor Party of Norway, accompanied by Mr. Baishan, Norwegian ambassador to China, visited Zhenshan.

In September 1999, Mr. an Laishun, a young Museologist, was sent to Norway by the State Administration of cultural relics and the Chinese Museum Society to draft the project document of Guizhou ecological museum group in China. On December 9 of the same year, the provincial people's Government approved the establishment of three ecological museums in Huaxi, Zhenshan, Guizhou. So far, the Buyi ecological museum in Huaxi town has been included in the series of public museums in Guizhou.

Address: Zhenshan is located in the middle section of Huaxi Reservoir, on the peninsula surrounded by water on three sides

Chinese PinYin : Zhen Shan Cun