Purple magpie terrace

Purple magpie terrace

Located in Shuiche Town, Xinhua County, Loudi City, Hunan Province, China, Ziquejie Terrace is an important global agricultural cultural heritage and world irrigation engineering heritage. The surrounding terraces are more than 80000 mu, and the core scenic area has more than 20000 mu, which is applying for the Guinness Book of records. National AAAA tourist attractions, national scenic spots, national natural and cultural heritage, National Water Conservancy Scenic spots.

Since May 2013, Ziquejie Terrace has become one of the first batch of 19 important agricultural cultural heritages in China. It is a historical and cultural heritage of the fusion of southern rice culture and Miao Yao mountain fishing and hunting culture. Its unique farming methods and the use of mountain spring natural irrigation system are also unique in the rice culture. On April 19, 2018, the headquarters of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) officially awarded "global important agricultural cultural heritage" to four Chinese projects, including rice terraces in southern China, including Ziquejie terraces in Xinhua, Hunan Province.

In February 2020, to pay tribute to the majority of medical workers, from the end of the epidemic to December 31, 2020, the scenic spot will be open to medical workers all over the country for free.

General situation

The formation of purple magpie terrace has a history of 2000 years. It originated in the pre Qin Dynasty and flourished in the song and Ming Dynasties. It is the common labor crystallization of the ancestors of Miao, Yao, Dong, Han and other nationalities in China. It is a historical legacy of the fusion of mountain fishing and hunting culture and rice culture. It is also a prominent symbolic cultural landscape of the ancient Meishan region.

Ziquejie Terrace is as high as the mountain, the field and the water. There is no pond or reservoir, and there is no need for artificial irrigation. The natural artesian irrigation system is amazing. The national water conservancy experts evaluate it as comparable to Dujiangyan and Lingqu, and call this artesian irrigation system "the miracle of world water conservancy irrigation project".

The ingenious integration of rice culture and hunting culture in southern China has resulted in the rice culture heritage of the harmonious coexistence of people and nature in the purple magpie community. The folk customs here are simple, the Miao Yao customs are handed down from generation to generation, the Meishan folk songs have unique charm and are well known to women and children; the Meishan diet and Meishan martial arts have unique styles; the purple magpie folk houses are antique and quite unique; the grass dragon dance, Nuo lion dance and other folk performances are primitive gods Secret and unique.

The purple magpie terrace is built according to the situation of the mountain. It is as small as a dish, as big as a basin, as long as a belt, and as curved as the moon. It has various shapes and changes, just like a yaochi in the sky and a fairyland in the world.

The purple magpie area has a profound cultural heritage and rich cultural resources. Folk songs, folk songs and love songs are widely popular among the people. The dragon lion dance and grass dragon dance have unique styles, and the Miao and Yao customs remain the same. Food culture is also well-known: green tea, bacon, tofu balls, frozen fish, Ciba, sweet wine, konjac, dried bamboo shoots, bracken, coix lacryma, Gastrodia elata and so on. It can be said that "the folk customs are pure and ancient, and things are rich and prosperous", which has laid a deep cultural foundation for the tourism development here

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On the back of the purple magpie Kingdom, there are 10000 mu honeysuckle base, 48 Yao village sites and other cultural landscapes,

geographical position

Ziquejie belongs to the middle part of Fengjia mountain system in Xuefeng mountain range, with an altitude of 1236 meters. With Ziquejie Terrace as the center, there are more than 56000 Mu terraces, of which more than 20000 mu terraces are concentrated, mainly distributed in Xixi District of Shuiche Town, with a total of more than 400 levels from 500 meters to 1100 meters above sea level. Rural roads circle 17 kilometers in the terraced fields, and four stone roads cross the boundary of purple magpie, leading to windmill lane, baomu, Shuanglin, Baishui and other places. Ziquejie Terrace is located in Xixi District of Shuiche town and Shuanglin District of Fengjia Town, Xinhua County, Loudi City, Hunan Province, with a total area of more than 20000 mu. Shuifeng highway hovers between these terraces for more than ten kilometers. The terraces are spread over more than ten hills with an altitude of 500 meters to more than 1000 meters. The largest one is less than 1 mu, and the smallest one can only insert dozens of stubbles.

Four seasons scenery

The world of purple Magpie in winter is undoubtedly the most beautiful. It is filled with fog, snowflakes and snow. The silver covered terraces are more beautiful, just like fairyland.

Cultural origins

The human activities of the purple magpie community in Fengjia mountain area can be traced back to the Shang and Zhou dynasties. During the Han Dynasty, the ruling class stipulated that the Miao and Yao people who lived here should only serve corvee and not pay land tax. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the imperial court encouraged the reclamation of wasteland, issued many edicts on farmland reclamation, and actively encouraged the cultivation of "high fields". After the founding of Xinhua County, the policy of "giving loans to cattle for cultivation, planting mulberry and rice for money" promoted a large number of Han people to move in. Together with the local Yao people, they created a new era of farming culture in the purple magpie kingdom. Yaorenchong in Longpu village is one of the most spectacular scenic spots of purple magpie terraces, covering an area of more than 2000 mu. There are two ridges and one Chong. The cross section forms a "concave" character. The final formation of this terraces is the Miao Yao compatriots who lived here at that time and the family of fengrens who came here later. Yugong moved the mountain like his father died and his son continued to develop for more than 30 generations. From the beginning of Ming Dynasty to the beginning of Ming Dynasty, under the encouragement of the government's policy of actively attracting exile and rewarding reclamation, the development of purple magpie terrace entered another climax. With the development of terraces, many public welfare facilities directly serving production have been built one after another. Just take the tea pavilion on the side of Ziquejie near Xixi River as an example, there are more than ten pavilions, such as Tanru Pavilion, Jiqing Pavilion, Zerun Pavilion, Yingxi Pavilion, etc. even the top of windmill lane with an altitude of more than 1600 meters has a tea pavilion, which shows the prosperous development of terraced fields in Ziquejie at that time.

The purple magpie terrace started in the Qin and Han Dynasties, formed and developed in the song and Ming Dynasties. The Miao and Yao people are the creators of the purple magpie terrace, a miracle in the world. The unremitting work of dozens of generations of multi-ethnic people has finally created this soul shaking human civilization. Together with the Meishan culture created by them in their hard work, it has been left to generations of future generations here.

Professor Chen ziai, a senior scholar of Chinese folk culture who was originally from Xinhua, went all over the world and returned to his hometown in his early years. After inspecting the purple magpie terraces, he was deeply shocked: "the purple magpie terraces were created by the ancestors of all our nationalities with their life-long energy and painstaking efforts through generations of hard work. We should feel the tenacity of our ancestors from this cultural creation The spirit of striving to create the world and cherishing the spiritual wealth they have left us. "

Successful application for World Heritage

On September 16, 2014, at the 22nd International Conference on irrigation and drainage and the 65th International Executive Council of the International Commission on irrigation and drainage (ICID), Xinhua irrigation project was listed in the first batch of world irrigation project heritage list, becoming the only world irrigation project heritage in Hunan Province.

At the same time, Dongfeng weir in Leshan, Sichuan, mulanpi in Putian, Fujian and Tongji weir in Lishui, Zhejiang are listed in the world irrigation project heritage list.

On the morning of November 24, 2017, at the expert group meeting on global important agricultural cultural heritage held by FAO headquarters in Rome, two World Heritage application projects of rice terraces in southern China (including Guangxi Longsheng Longji terraces, Fujian Youxi United terraces, Jiangxi Chongyi Hakka terraces, Hunan Xinhua Ziquejie terraces) and ancient mulberry trees along the ancient Yellow River in Xiajin, Shandong Province, were approved in principle, with only 1 The final confirmation by experts through email will be approved. The formal awarding ceremony of these four projects is expected to be held at the Fifth International Forum on global important agricultural cultural heritage in April 2018.

On April 19, 2018, rice terraces in southern China (including Longsheng Longji terraces in Guangxi, Youxi United terraces in Fujian, Chongyi Hakka terraces in Jiangxi and Ziquejie terraces in Xinhua in Hunan) were officially awarded the world's important agricultural cultural heritage at the Fifth International Forum on global important agricultural cultural heritage.

Main attractions

Feldspar terrace

Feldspar terraces are the most magnificent, the most abundant and the most beautiful terraces in the purple magpie world. The mountains are covered with beams, overlapping layers, each layer is a delicate ripple, each stack is a pure ripple like scales; close to the crisscross fields, looking up at the terraced fields is neat, such as the sky ladder, looking down on the water shining, the fields twists and turns, such as splash ink landscape painting.

Baishui terrace

The white water terraces are curved along the mountain, concave or convex, large or small, long or short, bright or dark. Some of them are like the curved moon to the sky. Some of them are like snakes running all over the mountains. The winding ridges are full of twists and turns, which seem to be drawn into a changeable arc under the immortal's brush.

Jinlong terrace

From Shiao to Yaji village, there are 12 continuous ridges, which rise and fall, bend and bend. The thousands of Mu terraces dug on the ridge are called Jinlong terraces. The effect from above is better.

Shifeng terrace

Looking down from linggong temple, Shifeng terraces are another scene. The terraces are coiled around the hills, just like the stars holding the moon. If you continue to move westward, you can go to huangjiling and look back at the Shifeng terraces. The magnificent shape of the terraces makes visitors marvel. The 300 mu tribute grain fields in huangjiling, the Laozhuang terraces and the Longxiang terraces extend infinitely along the mountain.

Yao renchong

There is also a terraced field in the West where Yao people live. There are still two sites of Yao people's rock houses and piled stone houses on the high mountains. Yaorenchong terraces have two ridges and a ridge, forming a "concave" character. The ridge at the west end extends from the bottom of the mountain to the top of the mountain, reaching more than 200 levels.

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