Zhang Zai Temple

Zhang Zai Temple

Zhangzai temple, also known as Zhangzi temple, is located in Hengqu Town, 26 kilometers east of Meixian County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province. It is the lectern of Zhang Zai, a famous thinker, philosopher, educator and leader of Guanxue in Northern Song Dynasty. The ancestral hall of Zhang Zai, formerly known as Chongshou academy, was changed into Hengqu academy because Zhang Zai studied with it when he was young. Now there are Zhangzai temple, Zhangzai tomb and Hengqu Academy in Meixian County, Baoji City. Baoji College of Arts and Sciences also established Hengqu College of Baoji College of Arts and Sciences.

History of ancestral temples and tombs

Zhangzai temple is located in Hengqu Town, 26 kilometers east of Mei County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province. It covers an area of 82 meters from north to South and 37.5 meters from east to west.

It is the lecture place of Zhang Zai, a famous thinker, philosopher, educator, leader of Guanzhong school and one of the five sons of Northern Song Dynasty.

It is one of the 18 scenic spots in Guanzhong. The ancestral hall of Zhang Zai was formerly called Chongshou hall. Zhang Zai studied here when he was young. After living in seclusion in his old age, he had been setting up a church in this hall. After his death, people changed the name of Chongshou college to Hengqu college in memory of him.

In the first year of Yuanzhen in the Yuan Dynasty (1295), Zhang Zai temple was built on the former site of Hengqu Academy.

In 1326, Hengqu Academy was restored in Zhangzai temple, forming a pattern of "back temple and front academy".

Zhang Zai's tomb, located 7 kilometers south of Zhang Zai temple, covers an area of 87.2 mu. It is the burial place for Zhang Zai, his father Zhang Di and his younger brother Zhang Jian. From yuan, Ming, Qing to the Republic of China, the temple and Academy of Zhang Zai were repaired 14 times in history.

After yuan, Ming, Qing and Republic of China, the ancestral hall of Zhang Zai was repaired nine times. Zhangzai temple cultural relics management office was established in 1985 and listed as a provincial cultural relics protection unit in 1992.

literary works

Poems and couplets of zhangzici (Hengqu Academy)

1、 Poetry

There are many villages, most of which are desolate.

Only the Hengqu ancestral temple is in the water, and the two surging sects are connected with Tianchang.

——Ruan Qin in Ming Dynasty

Learning to interpret and to use the world is very successful. After seeing the doctrine of the mean, I have no choice but to devote myself to the distribution of the previous generation. I have set my mind firmly and widely.

The last words of Li cave are prepared, the sound of donkeys is wonderful, and the nature is empty. Guanxi master Gao Fengyuan admired Si Wenbai Lilu.

——Bai Yi in Ming Dynasty

Daoqi Township sage, famous Confucian, palace wall still que Li, temple so horizontal canal.

When I am going to return to normal, I hang the inscription for criticizing ignorance. I always look up to it in my life.

——Xu Zonglu in Qing Dynasty

Zhang Zai, a nostalgic scholar of guohengqu Academy

It's hard to keep Qin's passenger ships in Luoshui, but it's hard to get across the sky. To explore the mysteries, we should only recognize the Qi and living things, and to cultivate our nature is not the only way for monks to meditate.

The beacon fire green Jin thought enters the desert, the golden wind white hair staff patrols the field. There are many old men in Guanzhong who have established this school to be a sage.

——Contemporary Yan Haiyan

2、 Couplets

Zhang Zici

The combination of Tao and Cheng, Guan Xue is no different from Luo Xue;

In the three generations of the legal system, the sexual service is the meritorious service.

——Wang Jie in Qing Dynasty

Hengqu Academy

Three generations can be expected, minefield long cherished wish by time slightly; two inscriptions such as Jieru, zudou can go to explain Daogong. Wang Jie in Qing Dynasty

Zhang Zici

He preached the Scriptures close to the horse's tent, criticized the foolish and determined the stubborn. All the generations were touched with the rain. He set up the tiger skin to explain the changes. The Scriptures were established by virtue of the Ming Dynasty, and the masses were covered by the spring breeze. He Ruilin in Qing Dynasty

Tao and Cheng

The clouds and trees are dense, meditating on the weather of leisure; the paddy fields are indifferent, and can catch up with the past. Wang Xiangxian in Qing Dynasty

Zhang Zi's ancestral hall

A generation of word-of-mouth stay in Shu Road; blood food in Qin. Wang Xiangxian in Qing Dynasty

Profile

Zhang Zai (1020 - December 26, 1077), originally from Daliang,

Also known as Zhang Zi.

He was a philosopher in the Northern Song Dynasty, one of the founders of Neo Confucianism, the cousin of Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, and the founder of Guan Xue, the branch of Neo Confucianism. He was granted the title of sage and worshiped the 38th place in the west of Confucius Temple. Together with Zhou Dunyi, Shao Yong, Cheng Yi and Cheng Hao, the temple is called "five sons of Northern Song Dynasty". Zihou, a Han nationality, was originally from Daliang (now Kaifeng) and moved to Hengqu Town, Fengxiang county (now Baoji Mei County), known as Mr. Hengqu.

Song Renzong Jiayou two years (1057) Jinshi, granted Qizhou justice to join the army, transfer Danzhou Yunyan order.

He moved to Zuo Lang and signed a letter to the military judge of Weizhou. Xining two years (1069), in addition to Chongwen college book. The next year the disease moved.

In the spring of ten years, he returned to the hall after being summoned again.

In the winter of the same year, Yi Hai died in Dao in December, and he was 58 years old. Jiading thirteen years (1220), granted posthumous Ming Gong. In addition, there are writers in the Western Jin Dynasty.

Anecdotes of Zhang Zai

Young and big

Zhang Zai's talent and wisdom made him mature earlier. At that time, Xixia often invaded the western border. At the beginning of the first year of Kangding (1040), the Xixia invaded and made peace in October of the fourth year of Qingli (1044).

The imperial court gave a lot of materials to the Xixia, such as silk, silver and tea.

These national events greatly stimulated Zhang Zai, who was only 21 years old. He wrote to Fan Zhongyan, who was then the Deputy Economic Minister of Shaanxi Province and was in charge of Northwest defense at that time. He stated his opinions and opinions. He planned to unite Jiao Yan (Chen county people, jingbingshu) to organize the militia to recapture Taoxi's lost land occupied by Xixia, and to make contributions for the country I have a reputation.

Fan called in the military mansion of Yanzhou (today's Yan'an) to see this scholar with extraordinary interests. Zhang Zai talked about the military border defense, the defense of his hometown, and the plan to recover the lost land, which was warmly praised by fan. He thought that Zhang Zai could become a great weapon, and advised him: "Confucianism has its own name, what's the matter with soldiers." It means that as a Confucian student, you must become a great tool. Instead of studying military affairs, you encourage him to read the doctrine of the mean and work hard on Confucianism.

Zhang Zai followed fan's advice and went home to study the doctrine of the mean assiduously, but he was still dissatisfied.

After more than ten years of study, I finally realized that Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism were complementary and interrelated, and gradually established my own theoretical system.

In 1042, Fan Zhongyan completed the construction of Dashun city in the northwest of Anyang prefecture (now Qingyang City, Gansu Province) in order to defend against the invasion of Xixia. He invited Zhang Zai to Qingyang and wrote a record of Qingzhou Dashun city as a memorial.

The winner of the list

In the second year of emperor Renzong's Jiayou reign (1057 A.D.), Zhang Zai, 38, went to Bianjing (Kaifeng) to take the examination. He was the major of Ouyang Xiu's examination. Zhang Zai, Su Shi and Su Zhe were both Jinshi.

While waiting for the imperial edict, Zhang Zai, supported by Prime Minister Wen Yanbo, opened a lecture hall at Xiangguo Temple in Kaifeng to talk about the book of changes. One night, he met Cheng Hao and Cheng Yi, who were also lecturing here.

Zhang Zai is a cousin of Er Cheng, but he is open-minded and listens to Er Cheng's views on the book of changes. He feels that his knowledge is not enough. He says to the audience, "Er Cheng knows that the way of the book of changes is beyond me, and you can learn from it." (Mr. Hengqu's biography) so he withdrew from the chair and talked about it. He studied it behind closed doors and finally wrote an important treatise on Yi Shuo.

Military talent

After Zhang Zaizhong became a Jinshi, he successively served as a judicial officer of Qizhou (now Anguo, Hebei Province), a magistrate of Yunyan county (now Yichuan, Shaanxi Province) and a military judge of the prefecture (now Pingliang, Gansu Province). When he was the magistrate of Yunyan County, he was conscientious and strict in his work. In dealing with political affairs, he put "good manners and customs" first, carried out moral administration, attached great importance to moral education, advocated the social custom of respecting the old and loving the young, and called the old people to the county government on the first day of every month. There is a regular reception for wine and food. During the dinner, people are asked about their sufferings, and the principles and requirements of admonishing their children are put forward. According to the regulations and notices of the county government, every time the villagers are called together, and the people who attend the meeting are repeatedly urged to tell the villagers. Therefore, even the illiterate people and children do not know what he sends out. In Weizhou, he had a good relationship with CAI Ting, the economic envoy of Huanqing road. He was deeply respected and trusted by Cai ting. He had to consult him about the military affairs. He once convinced CAI to take tens of thousands of military funds to relieve the victims in the year of the disaster, and set up the "general law" to promote the joint training and operation between the army and the people in the border defense. He also put forward some suggestions, such as abolishing the Garrison (the central Army) and replacing it with local people. At this time, he also wrote "Jingyuan road JINGLUE Si Lun Bian Shi Zhuan" and "JINGLUE Si Bian Shi Yi", which showed his military and political talents.

Resignation of Hengqu

In 1069, LV Gong (huishu), the censor of Zhongcheng, recommended Zhang Zai to Shenzong, praising that Zhang Zai's learning had its origin and that scholars from all over the world could call for a visit. Shenzong summoned Zhang Zai and asked him how to govern the country. Zhang Zai "took the gradual restoration of three generations (i.e. Xia, Shang and Zhou) as the right choice.". After hearing this, Shenzong was very satisfied and said happily, "you go to the second prefecture (the Privy Council of Zhongshu province) to do something, and I will use you again in the future." Zhang Zai thought that he had just been transferred to Kyoto and knew little about Wang Anshi's political reform. He asked to wait for a period of time for further deliberation. Later, he was appointed to Chongwen University. At that time, Wang Anshi was in power and wanted the support of Zhang Zai. One day, I saw Zhang Zai and said to him, "the court is about to implement the new law. I'm afraid it's not competent. I want to ask you for help. Are you willing?" Zhang Zai replied: "the imperial court will be very promising. The people in the world are willing to be against the wind. If they are good to others, who dares not to do so?"! If we teach people how to pursue them, they will not be able to do so. " Zhang Zai agrees that politicians should be big

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Zai Ci