Momoge National Nature Reserve

Jilin Momoge National Nature Reserve

synonym

Momoge National Nature Reserve generally refers to Jilin Momoge National Nature Reserve

Jilin Momoge National Nature Reserve is located in Zhenlai County, Baicheng City, Jilin Province, at the confluence of turbulent Nenjiang River and gentle Tao'er River, covering a total area of 144000 hectares. It faces Heilongjiang Province across the river in the East and Inner Mongolia in the north. It is a bright pearl on the Horqin grassland, a mysterious and simple fairyland and a paradise for birds. In the area, rivers are crisscross, lakes and depressions are scattered, and habitats are complex and diverse, mainly including river beach Carex wetland, lake beach depression reed wetland and Suaeda salsa salt marsh.

In October 2013, Jilin Momoge National Nature Reserve was officially listed in the list of international important wetlands by the International Convention on wetlands.

Historical evolution

In March 1981, the people's Government of Jilin Province approved the establishment of provincial nature reserves.

In 1994, it was listed in the list of the first batch of wetlands in China by the State Environmental Protection Administration.

On December 8, 1997, the State Council approved the promotion to a National Nature Reserve in Document No. 109 issued by the State Council.

On January 18, 2001, the State Forestry Administration approved the master plan of Jilin Momoge National Nature Reserve.

On November 13, 2001, the 136th special meeting of Jilin Provincial People's Government studied the management system and wetland protection of Jilin Momoge National Nature Reserve. The meeting decided that "the original management system, which was double managed by the provincial forestry department and Zhenlai county government and mainly local management, should be adjusted to a management system which is still double managed but mainly managed by the provincial forestry department.".

Jilin Momoge National Nature Reserve is a public institution owned by the whole people, which belongs to the Forestry Department of Jilin Province. It is listed 53 public institutions according to the standard treatment of department level, with full financial allocation.

In October 2013, it was officially listed in the list of international important wetlands by the International Convention on wetlands.

geographical environment

position

Momoge National Nature Reserve is located in Zhenlai County, Western Jilin Province. It is a typical wetland type reserve and the main migration route of water birds in the northern part of the eastern migration area of migratory birds in China. Its geographical coordinates are 45 ° 42 ′ 25 ″ - 46 ° 18 ′ 0 ″ N and 123 ° 27 ′ 0 ″ - 124 ° 4 ′ 33.7 ″ E. With a total area of 144000 hectares, it faces duerbert and Tailai County of Heilongjiang Province across Nenjiang River in the East, Tao'er River in the South and Da'an City of Jilin Province, and dandai, Wukeshu, hatuqi, Dongping and chatai Township in the northwest.

vegetation

The vegetation types can be roughly divided into lake vegetation, swamp vegetation, grassland vegetation, fixed dune vegetation, plantation vegetation and farmland vegetation. The vegetation is mainly Cinnamomum camphora, mixed with a variety of Carex, Juncus, Alisma orientalis, ciru, Equisetum and so on; the reed swamp vegetation is mainly reed, mixed with Welsh onion, trigonometric sugarcane grass, Juncus, Typha, Typha angustifolia, Polygonum rumatum.

climate

The nature reserve has a temperate continental monsoon climate. Its characteristics are: strong wind in spring, hot and rainy in summer, dry and cool in autumn, cold and less snow in winter. The average temperature is 4.2 degrees Fahrenheit. 71 kcal / m2. The average initial frost period is about September 25, the average final frost period is May 10, and the annual frost free period is 137 days.

hydrology

Water resources are very rich. Nenjiang River flows 111.5km through the Eastern District, with a drainage area of more than 30000 hectares and an average annual flow of 647.36m3/sec. Taoer River flows 60km through the Eastern District, with a drainage area of more than 70000 hectares and an average annual flow of 14.47m3/sec. There are two seasonal rivers in the Eastern District, namely erlongtao River and Horda River, which flow into Taoer River and Nenjiang River respectively. The annual precipitation in this area is 391.8 cm.

soil

Soil can be divided into 7 soil types and 17 sub types. The meadow soil, chernozem and alluvial soil are the main soil types in the areas along the Yangtze River, while the light chernozem and aeolian sandy soil are distributed in the central and central and western regions.

terrain

Momoge nature reserve is located in the northern part of Songliao subsidence zone, showing the alluvial and proluvial low plain landform of Nenjiang River and its tributaries. The area is high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The terrain in the area is flat. The relative elevation difference is 2-10M. The general slope is 50 and the maximum slope is 150.

natural resources

plant resources

According to the preliminary statistics, there are about 600 species of seed plants, including 361 species of economic medicinal plants, belonging to 77 families.

Animal resources

There are 15 species of cranes in the world, and 6 species in the nature reserve, including white crane, Red Crowned Crane, white headed crane, white naped crane, grey crane and Demoiselle Crane. Among them, Red Crowned Crane, Demoiselle Crane and white naped crane breed in this area. White crane is the dominant species of cranes, the number of migration is more than 550, and the rest time is about 70 days. There are two kinds of storks in the reserve, namely Oriental White Stork and black stork. There are abundant and diverse wildlife resources in Momoge nature reserve, including 6 species of amphibians, 3 families and 1 order. There are 8 species of reptiles in 4 families, 2 orders. There are 52 species in 11 families of 4 orders. There are 29 species in 11 families of 4 orders. There are 298 species of birds belonging to 17 orders and 50 families, including 126 species of Passeriformes and 172 species of non Passeriformes. Non Passeriformes account for 57.72% of the total birds in the region, including 120 species of wetland waterfowls.

land resource

The ecological landscape of the area is divided into river and lake wetland, Carex angustifolia wetland, reed swamp wetland, Suaeda salsa wetland. Of the 144000 hectares of protected area, 26700 hectares are water area, 77300 hectares are reed Carex swamp, 15000 hectares are grassland, 11600 hectares are natural secondary forest and plantation, and 13400 hectares are other land. Wetland area accounts for more than 80% of the total area of the region, which is the largest wetland type reserve in Jilin Province.

Protected objects

The main protected objects are cranes, storks, swans and other rare and endangered species, as well as their habitat. Among the 296 species of birds, there are 10 species of national first-class protected birds, namely red crowned crane, white crane, white headed crane, great bustard, white stork, black stork, Golden Eagle, white tailed sea eagle, jade belt sea eagle and tiger head sea eagle; second-class protected birds are big and small Swan, mandarin duck, egret, white naped crane, grey crane, coir crane, prairie eagle, black eagle, Falcon, spear Falcon and tiger head sea eagle There are more than 40 species of birds with ornamental value, such as seagull, silver gull, Mongolian lark, crested lark, horn lark, sand lark, short toed sand lark, grey starling, Pacific bird, Shoudai, yellow breasted bunting, etc. Wetland waterfowl is the main bird species, which plays an important role in Jilin Province and Northeast China.

Status value

Jilin Momoge National Nature Reserve is an important breeding and resting place for migratory birds in China. There are 116 species of summer migratory birds, such as great bustard and Red Crowned Crane, breeding here. It has important protection and scientific research value. It is an important resting place for white crane migration channel. The number of white cranes resting in Momoge wetland is about 500-800 every spring and autumn, and the annual resting period is about 90 days God.

Momoge National Nature Reserve is a typical wetland type reserve, with a total area of 144000 hectares, of which the wetland area accounts for more than 80% of the total area. The comprehensive evaluation index of wetland ranks first in Jilin Province. It is the largest wetland reserve in Jilin Province, known as the kidney of Western Jilin, and occupies an important position in the international wetland.

Address: Momoge Mongolian Township, Zhenlai County, Baicheng City

Longitude: 123.584781

Latitude: 45.937321

Tel: 0436-7811902

Chinese PinYin : Mo Mo Ge Guo Jia Ji Zi Ran Bao Hu Qu