Shude Villa
Shude villa is the former residence of Tang Shengzhi, a famous patriotic general. It is located in zhaojiajing village, LuHong Town, Dong'an County, Hunan Province.
summary
Mr. Tang Shengzhi spent his childhood, youth and his time in seclusion here.
The building is magnificent, Chinese and western structure, unique style. The whole courtyard is designed and built according to the principle of "four into three wells", which takes the meaning of "Tao begets one, one begets two, two begets three, and three begets all things" in Laozi's Tao Te Ching, hoping that the descendants will continue to multiply and prosper forever. The most peculiar and puzzling is the design of the gate: the gate is concave while protruding. It is called Yin Yang gate. It has not been fixed since the house was built. It has to be changed four times a year. Until now, it is said that Mr. Tang Shengzhi left home for the last time to change the gate.
Tang Shengzhi
Tang Shengzhi (1889-1970) was born in Dong'an County. In 1926, he was the commander of the Eighth Army of the Northern Expedition army, the commander in chief of the former enemy, the chairman of the Hunan Provincial Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, and the commander of Nanjing Weixu during the Anti Japanese War. In 1949, he participated in organizing and planning Hunan peaceful uprising. After liberation, he served as vice governor of Hunan Province, member of the Standing Committee of the first, second and third National People's Congress, member of the Standing Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference, member of national defense committee, etc.
Historical changes
In 1927, Tang Shengzhi returned home to build his former residence and named it Shude villa. In 1938, Yaoxiang middle school, named after Tang Shengzhi's father, was built on the right side, integrating with the villa. From 1938 to 1949, when Tang Shengzhi returned to live in his hometown, Shude villa became the contact point of the democratic revolution and made great contributions to the organization and planning of Hunan's peaceful liberation. The villa was nationalized in 1950. In 1953, the villa was assigned to the grain department, part of the backyard was used as a grain depot, and later a grain school was set up. In 1989, on the 100th anniversary of Tang Shengzhi's birth, the county government allocated 80000 yuan for comprehensive maintenance. In 1991, the villa was announced as a county-level cultural relics protection unit. In 1992, the No.1 meeting minutes of the county government clarified the protection scope of the villa, and decided that the cultural and food departments should jointly protect and manage the villa. In 1996, the people's Government of Hunan Province announced the villa as a provincial cultural relic protection unit. In 1997, Yongzhou Municipal People's government listed it as a patriotic education base. In 2000, the Provincial Bureau of cultural relics allocated 50000 yuan to repair some of the buildings in the villa. In 2003, Tang Shengzhi's former residence management office was established to strengthen the protection. The 2006 annual report was approved by the State Council as the Sixth Batch of key cultural relics protection units in China. Since the 1950s, except that the guard room on the right side of the front yard has been demolished and several miscellaneous rooms on the back side have been converted into a grain depot, the original layout of the villa has been basically protected and the buildings have been well preserved.
Environmental Science
Shude villa is surrounded by beautiful environment, beautiful mountains and rivers in the west, endless countryside; Yaoxiang middle school founded by Tang Shengzhi connects with the villa in the north; the ancient Zhaojia residence in the south, unique style; 1812 highway and Luoyang Zhanjiang railway run through from the East, convenient transportation. The front yard is full of precious trees, and the back yard garden is full of flowers and plants. The villa is paved with green bricks, with winding corridors. With the house and turn, there is the beauty of garden architecture winding path. Standing in the octagonal pavilion of a western style building, you can see the distant mountains overlapping like Dai, the nearby rivers are beautiful, and the countryside is picturesque. It is a tourist and summer resort.
The gatehouse, the main building and the western style building are the three main buildings of the villa. The gatehouse is a Chinese style building, while the main building and the western style building are integrated. With the center of the main hall as the central axis, the villa is arranged in an orderly way. There are walls and patios between the buildings, which are well arranged and well spaced. It has the characteristics of symmetrical layout and spatial sequence of traditional Chinese dwellings. Starting from the gate hall, the villa has a corridor, which connects the buildings in every corner of the villa. The top of the corridor is full of beam lifting and bucket structure, covered with green tiles and wooden ceiling. The villa is made of brick, stone and wood, with crisscross beams and braces, crisscross roof ridges, painted with green ash on the walls, white and neat.
historical significance
Shude villa is a large-scale manor style building combining Chinese and western. The coupons Gallery architecture reflects the modern Chinese and Western architectural style. The plane layout is based on the traditional symmetrical method of Xiangnan folk houses, and the patio, gate, corridor, leaky window and part of the roof are also built in the traditional way. The asymmetric pattern of "four slope water" eaves roof, western ancient yellow brick columns, railings, corridors and semi circular windows, glass squares and Western style buildings breaks the practice of traditional Chinese architecture. The villa was built in 1927. In the remote mountainous area of southern Hunan at that time, it is rare to build such a harmonious and unified manor of Chinese and Western styles. It is one of the representatives of residential buildings in the early 20th century in China. The courtyard and garden of the villa are also elegant. Chinese style pavilions and Western style flower beds set off against each other, reflecting the combination of folk houses and gardens, Chinese style and Western style, and reflecting the new ideas influenced by foreign architectural trends in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. The villa is the former residence of Tang Shengzhi, a famous patriotic general, with important historical, artistic and scientific values. The inner wall of the villa is defined as the protection area, and the construction control area is defined as within 9 meters outside the East and south wall of the villa, and within 50 meters of the west wall.
Yaoxiang academy, located in the north of Shude villa, was founded by Mr. Tang Shengzhi in the 28th year of the Republic of China. Mr. Tang Shengzhi once taught here and cultivated a large number of excellent talents for the society. The academy has displayed the paper, pen and other articles used by Mr. Tang Shengzhi in those years. The academy has green tiles, red walls and green trees, which are full of strong scholarly charm. When you walk in it, you will naturally calm down and look forward to historical materials. It seems that many years ago, the scene of people of insight enjoying the books here seems to be revived, which makes people feel deeply.