Shimentai Nature Reserve

Shimentai National Nature Reserve, Guangdong

synonym

Shimentai Nature Reserve generally refers to Guangdong Shimentai National Nature Reserve

Shimentai National Nature Reserve is located in the central and northern part of Guangdong Province, with a width of 43.66 km from east to west and a length of 15.48 km from north to south, covering a total area of 33555 hectares. It is the largest nature reserve in Guangdong Province.

Located in the northern edge of the Tropic of cancer, the Nature Reserve belongs to the transition area between south subtropical and middle subtropical. It is a natural ecosystem type nature reserve with the transition characteristics of south subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest and middle subtropical typical evergreen broad-leaved forest as the main protection object.

Historical evolution

Yingde Shimentai Nature Reserve was established in December 1998 with the approval of Guangdong provincial government.

Shimentai Nature Reserve declared National Nature Reserve in 2001.

In January 2012, it was officially approved as a national nature reserve by the State Council.

geographical environment

Location context

Guangdong Yingde Shimentai Provincial Nature Reserve is located in the north central part of Guangdong Province, with a width of 43.66 km from east to west and a length of 15.48 km from north to south, covering a total area of 33555 hectares. The nature reserve is located in the northern edge of the Tropic of cancer, which belongs to the transition area between south subtropical and middle subtropical.

landforms

Shimentai Nature Reserve is mainly located in the middle mountain landform, accounting for 87.76% of the total area of the reserve. The altitude is generally 800-1400 meters, with the bottom and top of the boat as the highest peak, up to 1586 meters above sea level.

climate

The Nature Reserve belongs to subtropical monsoon climate. As it is located in the transition zone between the south subtropical zone and the middle subtropical zone, it has the transitional climate characteristics of the two climatic zones. The annual average temperature is 20.9 ℃, the average temperature in July is 28.9 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 40.1 ℃, the average temperature in January is 11.0 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is - 3.6 ℃, and the annual frost free period is 319 days. The annual precipitation is 1882.8mm, the maximum is 3343mm, and the minimum is 1285.9mm, mainly from March to September. The rainy and hot season is favorable for plant growth.

soil

The soil in the reserve is red soil and red soil coexisting, which fully reflects the transition characteristics of south subtropical and middle subtropical; the soil has obvious vertical change, from low to high, there are red soil, mountain red soil, mountain yellow soil and mountain meadow soil in turn.

Scope of protection

Yingde Shimentai Nature Reserve covers a total area of 1233900 mu, covering seven towns of Hengshishui, Donghua, Shakou, Yinghong, Hengshitang, Shigutang and BOLUO.

Protected objects

Botany

There are 11 vegetation types and 24 clusters in the reserve. There are 2471 species of higher plants belonging to 271 families and 998 genera, including 189 species of bryophytes belonging to 42 families and 101 genera, 293 species of pteridophytes belonging to 47 families and 96 genera, 17 species of gymnosperms belonging to 7 families and 9 genera, and 1972 species of angiosperms belonging to 175 families and 792 genera.

There are 22 species of national key protected plants in the reserve, including 1 species of boleshu, 21 species of Alsophila spinulosa, Taxus chinensis, Cymbidium and Pinus kwangtungensis, 3 species of rare and endangered plants under provincial protection, 1 species of new species, namely Michelia kwangtungensis, and 39 species of orchids belonging to 26 genera.

animal

There are 395 species in 104 families of 33 orders, including 61 species in 23 families of 8 orders of Mammalia, 208 species in 47 families of 16 orders of ornitha, 37 species in 11 families of 2 orders of Reptilia, 22 species in 7 families of 2 orders of Amphibia, 67 species in 16 families of 5 orders of Pisces, and 1799 species in 183 families of 21 orders of insects. There are 47 species of national key protected animals in the reserve, including 4 species of national first-class protected animals such as python, yellow bellied pheasant, Golden Eagle and leopard, and 43 species of national second-class protected animals such as tiger frog, ground turtle, Silver Pheasant, pangolin and short tailed monkey.

Fungi

There are 124 species of Macrofungi in 34 families of 13 orders.

Status value

Shimentai National Nature Reserve is the first National Nature Reserve in Qingyuan City. As of 2012, the reserve is the second largest forest ecosystem Nature Reserve in Guangdong Province and one of the main green barriers in the Pearl River Delta.

The nature reserve has complex and diverse geological landforms, strange peaks and valleys, unique and beautiful ecological landscape, typical karst landforms, rich ecotourism resources, and high artistic, aesthetic, ornamental, cultural and scientific values. The planned Shimentai ecotourism area is a good place for recuperation and vacation, and the planned Ludong ecotourism area is an ideal ecotourism area Tourist places.

The discovery of Quaternary plant fossils and Paleolithic to Neolithic sites in the southeast of the reserve is of great significance to the study of the development of paleohuman culture and the evolution of modern biological communities.

Address: Shimentai, Yingde, Qingyuan

Longitude: 113.30229949951

Latitude: 24.427017211914

Ticket information: market price: 30.0 yuan

Chinese PinYin : Shi Men Tai Zi Ran Bao Hu Qu