Bulgen beaver reserve

Bulgen beaver National Nature Reserve

synonym

Bulgen beaver reserve generally refers to Bulgen beaver National Nature Reserve

Bulgen beaver National Nature Reserve is located in the headwaters of Erqis and Wulungu rivers. It is the only Mengxin beaver habitat and Nature Reserve in China. It is also one of the two reserves specially established for wetland species in Xinjiang in nearly 20 years before 1999.

The nature reserve is a National Nature Reserve, with rare and endangered castor, birds and habitats as the main protection objects. As of 2012, the number of Mongolian New beaver families in the reserve has increased to 31.

Historical evolution

It was established as a provincial nature reserve in 1981.

In December 2013, the general office of the State Council approved the promotion of Xinjiang Bulgen beaver nature reserve to a national nature reserve.

geographical environment

terrain

The reserve is a valley plain with a small amount of mountains in the canyon.

river system

Bulgen river is a river from east to west. It originates in the territory of the people's Republic of Mongolia. After flowing into China for 50 gongshili, it joins with Qinggeli River to reach Wulungu river. The Bulgen river section runs through the mountains in the southern margin of Altay, with low mountain potential, 15-25m wide riverbed, and an average annual discharge of 12.76m3/s.

Regional scope

The reserve is located in Qinghe County, Altay Prefecture, Xinjiang. It borders on Mongolia at the east end of Altay Mountain, and reaches the confluence of Qinggeli River and Buergen River in the West. The administrative division takes the mainstream of Buergen River as the center, extends 500 meters from the border line between China and Mongolia to the outside of both banks of the river, and extends to the confluence of Buergen River and Qinggeli River in the West. The geographical coordinates of the reserve are 90 ° 27 ′ ~ 91 ° 00 ′ E and 46 ° 05 ′ ~ 46 ° 15 ′ n. The total area of the reserve is 5000 hectares, including 592.5 hectares of core area, 1185 hectares of buffer area and 3222.5 hectares of experimental area.

Protection target

Protected objects

The nature reserve is a National Nature Reserve, with rare and endangered castor, birds and habitats as the main protection objects.

Mengxin Beaver

Beaver, also known as beaver, is 60-70cm long. It is the largest rodent, medium-sized amphibian. It is known as the "architect" of animal world and the "living fossil" of ancient vertebrate. It belongs to the national first-class animal and has a life span of 12-20 years. Beaver's fur is precious, and its perfume secretion is one of the four animal spices in the world.

Biological resources

The plants in the reserve are mainly River Valley Forest and aquatic plants with few species. The valley forest is pure ash willow forest, or mixed with Populus cathayana. The width of the valley forest belt is generally 20-30 meters, rarely to 100 meters. Other plants are Achnatherum splendens, lingdang thorn, reed, cattail, etc. There are sand Stipa, multi root onion, small Peng, you ruoli.

There are 222 species of national key protected waterbirds such as Swan, black stork and Demoiselle Crane, and a variety of falcons and raptors in the reserve. Among them, there are 9 species of national first class protected animals, such as Mongolian New beaver and Northern goat, and 26 species of national second class protected animals, such as lynx, rabbit monkey and argali.

In addition to the centralized distribution of Mongolian New beaver, there are other kinds of wild animals in the reserve. The common wild animals are 46 kinds of mammals, such as North goat, argali, lynx, rabbit, monkey, wolf, sand fox and muskrat; 10 kinds of reptiles, such as water swimming snake, far North viper and dryland sand lizard, and only one kind of Green Toad is found in amphibians. The reserve is also very rich in fish resources, the most common species are sea bass, Lake carp, Baikal tilapia, crucian carp, etc., accounting for 10 species.

There are beaver, muskrat, hare and wild boar in Burgen nature reserve. Occasionally, stone marten, grass fox, sand fox, wolf, argali, North goat, goose throated antelope, snow leopard, Golden Eagle and so on come to the reserve for food and water. The most abundant birds are geese and ducks, crows, pigeons and Passeriformes. The amphibian has the flower back toad, the reptile common has the dry land sand clear.

(the above data sources are as of 2014 < / I)

Management measures

In order to restore the living environment of beavers, afforestation is allowed within 100 meters on both sides of the ulungu River and its tributaries, including the great Qinggeli River, the small Qinggeli River, the Chagan River and the Buergen river. Only poplar and willow trees are allowed to be planted, and other tree species and shrubs are not allowed to be planted.

ecological value

Valley forest the natural Valley Forest distributed on both sides of Buergen river is the food source and hiding place of Mongolian New beaver. The valley forest is mainly composed of arbor species such as Populus vallisneri and shrub species such as Salix tularensis, Salix youchai and Salix palustris. It is a rare gene pool of Salix plants. Valley forest provides an ideal place for the theoretical study of cold temperate Valley Forest Ecosystem in China, and for the rational, effective and sustainable utilization of natural resources in the cold temperate valley forest ecosystem. It also provides a sufficient basis for the evaluation of human economic activities in the cold temperate valley forest ecosystem. In particular, the linburgen river is the only concentrated distribution area of the first-class national wild animal Mongolian New beaver in China, which has high value of natural protection and scientific research.

The reserve is rich in water resources, numerous wetlands and diverse ecosystems. The complex food chain provides enough food for the birds who breed or migrate here, making it the third important passage and resting place for birds to migrate from north to south, and also an important breeding area for many rare birds.

Longitude: 90.430572509766

Latitude: 46.340747833252

Chinese PinYin : Bu Er Gen He Li Bao Hu Qu