Tongde Hall

Tongde Hall

Tongde hall is the landmark building of Changchun Puppet Manchurian Palace Museum, which is a two-story palace building with yellow glazed tiles.

Introduction to architecture

The design started in 1935, started in early 1937 and completed in late 1938. The name of "Tongde hall" means "one heart, one mind". The shape of Tongde hall is a combination of Chinese and Japanese, and the words "one heart" and "one virtue" are burned on every tile.

After the founding of the puppet Manchukuo, the Japanese planned Changchun, which was designated as the capital and renamed Xinjing. The new palace project in Xinghua village of Changchun was shut down due to the lack of funds in the Pacific War. Only the foundation part was completed. Considering that the new palace could not be completed in a short time, the temporary palace was built.

In 1932, shortly after Puyi came to power as a puppet, the Japanese chose the former Office of Jihei Sports Bureau as Puyi's dormitory and office. In order to make Puyi feel the importance of Japan to Puyi and the face of the emperor, Japanese Yoshioka proposed to build a palace for Puyi. This palace is the future Tongde hall, and Puyi also agreed at that time. Puyi doubted that the Japanese first proposed to build Tongde hall to install eavesdroppers in the new hall, so although Puyi also agreed to build the new hall of the pseudo palace, he did not go to live after it was completed.

Construction situation

The design of Tongde hall started in 1935 (the second year of the puppet Kant). The design task was undertaken by the palace building department of the puppet Manchuria Construction Bureau. At the end of 1936, the general layout of the Tongde hall was completed. At the beginning of 1937, after the construction of the Tongde hall project started, the construction of the Tongde hall project was carried out by the Shimizu group of Japan. In March, April and may 1937, the construction of Tongde hall began one after another. The construction of Tongde hall took about two years and was completed in late 1938.

Interior decoration equipment

Although the Tongde hall is the evidence of Japanese imperialism's occupation of Northeast China, it represents the most advanced architectural level and technology in Asia at that time. Today's Tongde hall after repair appears more solemn and solemn.

Rooms in Tongde Hall

background

After Puyi became the puppet emperor of Manchuria, the Japanese felt that the houses of the former Jihei Transportation Bureau were too shabby. In order to decorate the facade, the palace, which integrated residence, office and entertainment, was built in 1938. Tongde hall was the most famous building in Manchuria at that time, both in appearance and interior decoration. However, after the completion of Tongde hall, there were many strange things. For example, when two people touched each other, they would sparkle, or the flashing light bulb would light up as soon as it touched the iron. In fact, this is just a static phenomenon, but at that time, Puyi suspected that the Japanese had installed a eavesdropper in the building. He once sent Li Guoxiong, an attendant, to inspect the building in person, and found nothing unusual, but this still failed to remove his suspicion. As a result, Tongde hall has not been officially used. In 1943, after Li Yuqin, a "lucky man", entered the palace, the eastern part of the second floor of the building came into use and was used by the new noble.

Guangjian

Guangjian means hall in Japanese. The wide room of Tongde hall is an east-west rectangular hall. The red carpet is decorated with flowers and bonsai, and the piano and sofa are placed in the north. In the west, it should be the place to hold the palace ball, but Puyi didn't like dancing, so there was never a ball here. Puyi only held a family banquet here to accept the imperial congratulations.

Kowtow room

It was the place where Puyi accepted the national documents submitted by foreign envoys, accepted the pilgrimage and held important ceremonies. Due to the poor foreign affairs of the puppet Manchukuo regime, Puyi only received the congratulations from his family and traitor ministers on his birthday. Indoor lighting, furniture, carpets and other objects are all exquisitely carved and handmade. According to the tradition of Chinese palace design, the kowtow room should face south, but here it faces west. This is because of the Japanese design and construction.

See the room

An informal meeting place. After the officials who are received or summoned make a routine kowtow in the kowtow room, those who are qualified should sit here and talk. On the 1st, 11th and 21st of each month, Puyi met with the commander of the Japanese Kwantung Army here. Sometimes I meet with the emperor's family here, and the emperor's Royal servant is angzhi kajioka. In addition, the weekly regular interview with Zhang Jinghui, Prime Minister of puppet Manchukuo, and others is also here. In order to promote Puyi's Japanization, Japan's God officials also talked about Japan's "Shinto" to Puyi. Puyi meets with yoshizo Yamada:

This group of wax figures reproduces the scene of Puyi meeting with yoshizo Yamada, commander of the Japanese Kwantung Army, on August 9, 1945. Wearing military uniform is the last commander of the Japanese Kwantung Army, Yamada Yisan, and the interpreter in the turret. Yamada told Puyi about the crisis of the "Great East Asian Jihad" and told him that he was going to move the capital to Tonghua. Puyi's face was very blue and his body was leaning forward slightly, showing the contradiction and tension of fear and fear. It can be seen that Puyi already knew that Japan was about to collapse, and Manchukuo could not continue to support it.

Between China

It is the room with the most traditional Chinese style, so it is called Chinese room. The room is decorated with traditional Chinese mahogany furniture and palace lanterns. Puyi met his family members here. During the Mid Autumn Festival, I also watched the moon through the window.

Piano room

It's the place where Puyi plays the piano, so it's named. As early as in the Forbidden City of Beijing, Puyi learned to play the piano and compose music. During the period of Puppet Manchuria, Puyi often played the piano, but he was not used for entertainment, but to vent his depression as a puppet emperor.

Billiard room

It's where Puyi plays billiards. There are two red and two white balls on the table, which are based on the scoring system. Although Puyi's skill is not high, but never lost, all the people who accompany him to play think that win Puyi's favor and deliberately let him.

Between Japan

The layout, furnishings and decorations are named after Japanese style. The Japanese carefully designed such a Japanese room in the hall to tell Puyi that this is not his forbidden city in Beijing. Puyi's sister-in-law cuo'e Hao was interviewed here when she entered the palace. Puyi also often talks with Yoshioka Anzhi, who is monitoring him.

Warm corridor

Because there is a row of floor type glass doors and windows in the south, the lighting is excellent, so it is called warm corridor. Through the window, you can enjoy the Dongyu garden, so Puyi often dine here.

Animal head dripping pool

There is a drip pool at the east end of the warm corridor to spit water for the animal's head. The water drips out slowly from the mouth of the animal, and the sound of dingdong dripping can be heard. Then it flows into the gourd pond of Dongyu garden through the underground pipeline as the supplementary water source for its circulating water system. In this pool, Li Yuqin once raised two red carp.

Cinema

It was the place where Puyi watched movies in those days. It was originally designed as a place for banquet. When the Tongde hall was inaugurated, it was here for banquet. Later, Puyi proposed to see a movie, so he changed it into a movie hall. Puyi once saw some films here, which were selected by Yoshioka Anzhi to beautify the Japanese War of aggression and the puppet Manchukuo, such as "the splendid Manchukuo" and "the live Manchukuo founding Festival". Some of the films were starred by the famous film star Li Xianglan at that time. Puyi is the only seat in the center of the hall, and Li Yuqin, a Fugui, is on the left. Every time I watch a movie, other people have to turn off the light and enter the hall. Before turning on the light, they can't see the dignitaries directly. It's called "avoiding official seal".

Puyi bedroom

Although Puyi's bedroom in Tongde hall is more luxurious than that in Jixi building, Puyi never dares to live here because he is afraid that the Japanese have installed eavesdroppers here.

Li Yuqin's bedroom

Li Yuqin's bedroom is only one step away from Puyi's bedroom. It was originally designed as Wanrong's bedroom, but after it was built, Wanrong has been put in the cold, so this room has never been used. After Li Yuqin entered the palace, Puyi placed him in Wanrong's bedroom. It's very rare for a noble person to live in the Queen's bedroom. It's the first time in history.

Li Yuqin's living room

It was originally designed as the living room of Queen Wanrong, but like the bedroom, it was also given to Li Yuqin. Puyi also went to this room to talk with Li Yuqin, but he did not dare to speak freely. In order to prevent "eavesdropping", he handed notes to each other or dipped in water to write on the table. The emperor's private life must be monitored, and the puppet life is really sad.

Distribution of each room

The main rooms in Tongde hall are Guangjian, kowtow room, bianjian room, China room, Japan room, movie hall, Puyi and Li Yuqin living room, etc. The main gate of Tongde hall is Tongde gate. In front of Tongde hall is a small square and Dongyu garden. The back of Tongde hall is connected with Huaiyuan building. This palace is the largest and most luxurious of all the palaces in the puppet Manchukuo palace.

Address: No.5 Guangfu North Road, Kuancheng District, Changchun

Longitude: 125.349474

Latitude: 43.906295

Tel: 0431-82866611 (Museum of Manchukuo Palace)

Ticket information: no ticket required. It's included in the ticket of Manchukuo Palace Museum.

Chinese PinYin : Tong De Dian