Yaoluoping

Yaoluoping

Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve is located in baojiaxiang, Yuexi County. It is a demonstration National Nature Reserve aiming at protecting biodiversity, conserving water source of Huaihe River and implementing sustainable development strategy. It was established with the approval of Anhui Provincial People's Government in December 1991 and promoted to National Nature Reserve with the approval of the State Council in April 1994. It was accepted as a member of Chinese people and biosphere in 1999 and is a forest ecological type reserve directly constructed and managed by the administrative department of environmental protection.

brief introduction

It is located at the main peak of the Dabie Mountains, with rich ecological environment, which can be called "natural species gene bank"; the natural environment is extremely beautiful. There are more than 60 peaks above 1000 meters above sea level, among which tuojian and Duozhijian are 1750 meters above sea level, which are the second and third peaks of the Dabie Mountains. It's a sea of beautiful scenery, forest, cloud and fog

geographical position

The nature reserve is located in baojiaxiang, Yuexi County, Anqing City, at the junction of three counties (Yuexi, Huoshan and Yingshan) of Anhui and Hubei provinces. It covers an area of 123 square kilometers, ranging from 116 ° 02 ′ 20 ″ e to 116 ° 10 ′ 53 ″ and 30 ° 57 ′ 20 ″ n to 31 ° 06 ′ 10 ″.

Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve is located in the north subtropical zone, at the junction of the second and third steps in China's inland. In terms of physical geography, Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve has the remarkable characteristics of "North-South transition, flap belt East-West". The climate here can be summarized as "summer rain, winter snow, spring and autumn fog". It is cold in winter and cool in summer. The average annual temperature is only 12.70c. The temperature in July, the hottest month in summer, is also lower than 230C. The reserve is located in the subtropical monsoon area with abundant rainfall, with an average annual rainfall of 1400-2000mm. It is a high precipitation area in the Dabie Mountains. Located in the hinterland of the ancient land, the reserve is the watershed between the Yangtze River system and the Huaihe River system, and is the source of many rivers in the Pihe River system of the Huaihe River Basin and the Wanhe river system of the Yangtze River Basin. Baojia River, a tributary of Pi River flowing through the reserve, has a catchment area of 125.9 square kilometers and a water conservation capacity of 122 million cubic meters, effectively improving the water quality of Huai River.

Red history

Yaoluoping is also a famous revolutionary base. It was the site of the former Red 25th and 28th armies. Under the leadership of Gao Jingting, Yaoluoping carried out a fruitful revolutionary struggle in the Dabie Mountains, and contained the forces of nearly 40 divisions of the Kuomintang. It is far away from Yingshan County, Hubei Province, and has the title of red Yaoluoping.

In November 1934, according to the instructions of the Central Military Commission, the CPC Hubei Henan Anhui Provincial Committee led the 25th Red Army to the north for the long march. According to the instruction letter left by the provincial Party committee before the Long March, in February 1935, Gao Jingting, member of the Standing Committee of the provincial Party committee and Secretary of the Northwest Anhui Road Committee, rebuilt the 28th Red Army in liangtingao, Yuexi County, and continued the armed struggle in the Dabie Mountains. In June 1935, the West Anhui Special Committee of the CPC moved to Yaoluoping. Soon after, Gao Jingting led the 28th Red Army to Yaoluoping and set up a guerrilla base there. Yaoluoping gradually became the base camp and the central guerrilla base of the 28th Red Army in the three-year guerrilla war between Hubei, Henan and Anhui. In the three-year guerrilla war in the south, Hubei, Henan and Anhui were one of the guerrilla areas that preserved the most revolutionary forces.

After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, in July 1937, in accordance with the spirit of the document of the CPC Central Committee on the establishment of the Anti Japanese national united front, the 28th Red Army and the military and political authorities of the Kuomintang reached an agreement in Yuexi county to stop the civil war and resist Japan unanimously. In August 1937, Gao Jingting led the 28th Red Army to withdraw from Yaoluoping, and later reorganized it into the fourth detachment of the New Fourth Army, which became an important armed force to resist Japan behind the enemy.

In order to carry forward the great achievements of the 28th Red Army in the three-year guerrilla war between Hubei, Henan and Anhui, we carried out revolutionary tradition and patriotism education. At the beginning of 2007, the construction of the scenic spot started. The old house of Nie family, the residence of Gao Jingting, political commissar of the 28th Red Army, which is located in Dongchong group, Yaoluoping village, Baojia Township, Yuexi County, Anqing City, was restored. The trench behind the house was repaired, and the exhibition hall and central square of the 28th Red Army were built. The project was completed in July 2008 and opened to the public in April 2009.

In 2006, the military and political site of Yaoluoping 28th army was listed as one of the 100 red tourism classic scenic spots in China, and it is an important base for carrying out revolutionary tradition and patriotism education.

ecological environment

The environmental quality of Yaoluoping Nature Reserve is excellent. According to the scientific assessment of the ecological environment quality and Biodiversity Status of Yaoluoping Nature Reserve in 2006 by Anhui Environmental Monitoring Center, the biological abundance index of Yaoluoping is 121.38, which is 21.38 higher than that of Qimen County, which is the highest in the province, and 73.27 higher than the average of the whole province; the vegetation coverage index is 108.98, which is 8.98 higher than that of Qimen County, which is the highest in the province The forest coverage rate is as high as 95.08%, 10% higher than that of Qimen County, which is the highest in the province, and 69% higher than that of the whole province. Compared with 90% before Yaoluoping was built, it has increased by five percentage points. According to the monitoring of Anhui Center for Disease Control and prevention, the total average concentration of air negative ions in the air is 4012 / cm3, and the evaluation index is above a, which is the cleanest air.

Biological resources

The reserve is a typical north subtropical subalpine forest ecosystem, with superior natural conditions, complex flora and fauna, rich biological resources, covering almost all the biological populations and vegetation types of Dabie Mountains, preserving a large area of natural secondary forests and a number of rare and ancient relic species. The forest vegetation types can be roughly divided into 8 vegetation types (subtypes) and 35 formation groups, including evergreen broad-leaved forest, deciduous evergreen broad-leaved mixed forest, deciduous broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest, bamboo forest, shrub, grass and artificial vegetation. There are more than 2000 species of higher vascular plants, more than 100 species of macrofungi, 18 species of amphibians, 25 species of reptiles, 129 species of birds and 40 species of mammals. There are more than 40 kinds of rare and endangered animals and plants under the state key protection, and dozens of endemic animals and plants, such as Pinus taiwanensis, Rhododendron multiflorus, Pinellia ternata, musk deer (Anhui subspecies), and chicken spoon (Anhui subspecies). It is known as "green treasure house", "plant gene bank", "natural zoo", "herb garden" and "refuge for endangered animals and plants".

The reserve is composed of primeval forest and primeval secondary forest. There are many national rare animals and plants, such as musk deer, giant salamander (giant salamander), five needle pine in Dabie Mountain, fragrant fruit tree, multi branch Rhododendron, etc., which are of high conservation value. They are wild forests, rare birds and animals, and streams and lakes and waterfalls

Through preliminary investigation and identification, there are more than 2000 species of higher vascular plants, accounting for two-thirds of 3000 species in Dabie Mountains. It belongs to 22 species of ancient rare and endangered plants first issued by the state, such as: Pinus taiwanensis, Pinus Lysimachia, xiangguoshu, Rhododendron polydendron, tiannvhua, Gastrodia elata, lianxiangshu, ginkgo, etc., and 230 species endemic to Dabie Mountain. According to relevant experts, Yaoluoping Nature Reserve has an ancient geological history and is less affected by Quaternary glaciers. Therefore, it has become one of the refuges for many ancient plants, preserving a large number of ancient relict plants and evolving into primitive or isolated families and genera. In other areas, there are only sporadic species, such as fragrant fruit tree, xuchunmu, tiannvhua, jinqiansong, Liriodendron, Magnolia officinalis and so on. There are a certain area of pure forest here, which is rare at home and abroad.

In terms of plants, there are 13 genera of Chinese endemic plants, accounting for 6.6% of the national endemic plants. There are more than 1000 species of medicinal plants belonging to 224 families and more than 200 kinds of common medicinal plants in the nature reserve. It is one of the important producing areas of natural Chinese medicinal materials in China. There are abundant Entomogenous Fungi Resources in the reserve. Among the 15 genera of entomogenous fungi found in 4 orders, Paecilomyces and Cordyceps are the dominant species. Yaoluoping Nature Reserve belongs to Oriental in zoogeographical division, which is not only the South limit of some Palaearctic species, but also the North limit of many Oriental species. The diversity of wild animals is very rich, and there are 142 species of birds alone. Seventeen species belong to the national key protected wildlife, and 32 species belong to the local key protected wildlife in Anhui Province.

The reserve is also rich in insect resources. There are more than 100 species of butterflies, many of which are precious. A number of valuable specimens of animals and plants have been collected and produced in the herbarium of the nature reserve for researchers and tourists.

Development goals

We will strive to build Yaoluoping Nature Reserve into a domestic first-class and international demonstration National Nature Reserve in 3-5 years. Specifically, it will be built into five bases, namely: 1. Biodiversity protection base; 2. Biological species research base; 3. Ecological environment education base; 4. Ecological tourism base; 5. Ecological economy demonstration base of southern collective forest region. The specific work ideas in 2008 are as follows:

（1） With the construction of biodiversity conservation base as the goal and capacity building as the focus, the management and protection capacity will be further improved

Strengthen the organization and leadership, optimize the management and protection system, improve the management and protection facilities, strengthen the construction of the management and protection station, and give full play to the outpost role of the management and protection station; continue to cooperate with Chuzhou university to establish the GIS geographic information system as soon as possible, and use the information technology to improve the management and protection ability; use the modern digital technology to establish the electronic monitoring system

Chinese PinYin : Yao Luo Ping