Fengcheng old street

Fengcheng old street

Fengcheng old street is a scenic spot in the east of Fengxian District.

Overview of old street

Fengcheng town is located in the eastern part of Fengxian District, 35 km away from Pudong International Airport, 50 km away from Hongqiao Airport, and 15 km away from Haigang new town under construction. The horizontal A30 highway, Fengnan highway, Daye highway, Punan canal, Fengxin highway, huluyang highway, Hangtang highway, Fengxin port, as well as the planned A3 highway and Pudong Railway make Fengcheng close to the river and the sea. The water and land transportation is very convenient. The industry, commerce and agriculture are developed and merchants gather.

Fengcheng old street is a cross shaped street with East Street, South Street, West Street and North Street. In the old days, there was another street stretching from east to West in the north of the street, which was called Fengxian street. Later, it was called guyouli. It was said that Ziyou, a disciple of Confucius, had come here, so it was named. After the establishment of the county, the administrative facilities such as the County Department, the metropolitan department, the city Department, the Municipal Bureau of history and the prisons were set up in succession, and the cultural facilities such as the academic department, Zhaowen academy, Yan Zi temple and Zunjing Pavilion were also constructed; the temple shrines of Confucious'Temple (temple hall), Wu Temple (Guan Yu Temple), Town God's Temple, Zhenhai Hou Temple, Yuantong and three Guan Tang were built and improved continuously; Charity facilities have been set up. Unfortunately, many of the facilities, such as the county office, the academic office, the Confucian temple, the Wu Temple, and the Fugu Bureau, were destroyed by Japanese artillery fire in November 1937.

Historical evolution

Fengcheng town has a long history. It was built on land in the first year of Kaiyuan (713). According to Xu Shuo's Zhi Yuan Jia He Zhi and other records of the Yuan Dynasty, the place was originally named Qingdun, also known as dunming. It was named after the fire on the pier when the pirates came. After the tree shade, renamed green forest. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Five Dynasties (948-950), Qingdun salt farm was set up in the area, together with Pudong salt farm and Yuanbu salt farm, and was subordinate to the salt supervisor of Huating County in Xiuzhou (Jiaxing Prefecture). In the 19th year of Hongwu (1368) of Ming Dynasty, Tang and Du, the Duke of Xin state, built a castle in Qingcun to defend the Japanese pirates and set up a thousand households in shouyuqingcun. Ming Zhengde years, renamed shouyuqing village in the first thousand households. In 1726, Fengxian County was established in the southeast of Huating. Yongzheng nine years (1731), the county moved to Qingcun Suocheng (now Fengcheng town). Xuantong two years (1910), the county is divided into seven townships, the county Qingcun for Chengxiang. In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), after the county government moved to Nanqiao Town, Chengxiang was changed to Fengxian County City (from which Fengcheng was named) to be a district, township, community and town. In 2000, Fengxian County was removed and built into a district. Fengcheng is one of the central towns of "one city and nine towns".

With the development of history, the economy of Fengcheng has been changing. In ancient times, Fengcheng was a secluded coastal city. For a long time, most of the people lived by fishing and salt. During the Five Dynasties, Qingdun salt farm was one of the earliest salt farms in Shanghai. Its territory was "eighty-five miles long" and "four thousand one hundred and thirty-six dinners in the kitchen". At that time, Qingdun salt farm, together with Pudong and Yuanbu salt farms, was one of the five salt farms in Huating county. Fisheries are also very developed. According to the records of Jinshan Wei Zhi, which was written in Zhengde period of Ming Dynasty, "Gaoqiao (West of Fengcheng) was the only prosperous city at that time, and the fishermen from the sea learned about it.". At the end of Ming Dynasty, Qingcun (now Fengcheng) had 50 or 60 fishing boats. Big ships go out of the sea to catch fish with long nets and trawls, while small ships go out of the sea to produce net warehouses. During the two tides in January, the number of big fish is tens of Jin, and the number of small fish is two. Those who have no boats can also make profits by selling, fishing or catching shrimps on the beach. Women and teenagers make a living by networking. At that time, "those who are industrious and thrifty accumulate a lot of money, and those who build up a net can get thousands of money and hundreds of money.". It shows that the fishery in Fengcheng was very prosperous at that time. After the Qing Dynasty, a large number of tidelands were reclaimed, salt fields became grain fields, fishing and salt industries gradually declined, and the economy gradually turned to agriculture, supplemented by fishing and salt industries.

Old street scenic spots

Wanfo Pavilion

Located in North Street of Fengcheng town and Yuecheng of Henan Province, it was built in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty (1573-1619). More than 600 years ago, the ten thousand Buddha Pavilion was a small rural nunnery. According to folklore, in the last years of the Yuan Dynasty, there was a rich woman who resisted marriage and turned her hair into a nun. After hearing the news, my parents were too late to repent. Later, he built a small nunnery here, named the Ten Thousand Buddhas Pavilion. The people were moved by the woman's strong character and came here to worship. During the Hongwu Period of Ming Dynasty, in order to prevent the invasion of Japanese pirates on the sea, Zhu Yuanzhang ordered Tang He, the Duke of Xinguo, to build Fengcheng City wall. Wanfo Pavilion is located at the north gate of Fengcheng City. It was rebuilt in Yuecheng Bay. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the abbot of the Ten Thousand Buddhas Pavilion, bhiksuni Yongxiu, Dejing, and the master and apprentice sun of Shenshan, lasted for 20 years. He raised money to build the main hall, Dharma hall, pavilions, wanniantai, Zen room, Zhaitang, etc., and decorated the Buddha statues with gold, which made him look brand new. At the beginning of the Republic of China, master Fuyuan, the abbot, saw that the hall was narrow and not spectacular enough. He raised money again to repair it. It took two years to build the dizang hall and Maitreya hall, and built an ambulatory to connect the rooms in the temple, which made the building structure compact. At the end of the Republic of China, Xinliang, a young master, also led the nuns to cultivate Zen by farming, rectify work and protect materials, and rebuild temples. During the cultural revolution, religious activities were stopped for other purposes; in June 1989, it was reopened, and its scale was also expanded. The whole building includes Mountain Gate, main hall, main hall, bell and Drum Tower, etc. In October 1998, the ten thousand Buddha Pavilion was rebuilt. The Wanfo Pavilion is a brick and wood structure with three floors. The main building block faces south to the north, and the corridor connects the East and West Wing rooms. There are more than 100 rooms in total. The architectural style of the Ming Dynasty is retained, and the decorative patterns of the doors and windows have the style of the Qing Dynasty. All the buildings are harmonious in style, unified in color, accessible in cloisters, and closely arranged as a whole. The courtyard in the temple is clean and flat, and the garden is surrounded by flowers and plants. Ginkgo biloba and Cinnamomum camphora stand symmetrically in the two courtyards, towering in the sky. When the golden autumn comes, a pair of old Osmanthus fragrans in the back garden send out bursts of fragrance.

In 2008, Fengcheng town assisted in the expansion of the Wanfo Pavilion. On the basis of the original area of 25 mu, 5.2 mu of land was expanded by means of demolition. The main hall, Tianwang hall, nine storey hall and large-scale parking lot were built for the Wanfo Pavilion.

Fengcheng ancient city wall (site)

Located in the North Street of Fengcheng Town, it was built in the 19th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1386). It was built under the supervision of Tang He, the Duke of Xinguo. It was initially called "qingcunbao". From 1726 to 1731, Fengxian County was expanded. It is 6 Li Long and 2 Zhang 5 feet high. There are four gates: Chaoyang, Zhenhai, Fucheng and Gongchen. The moon city of Gongchen gate has the ten thousand Buddha Pavilion built in the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty.

Fengcheng has been the seat of Xianshu from the ninth year of Yongzheng to the third year of Xuantong in Qing Dynasty. After the revolution of 1911, Xianshu moved to the West and Nanqiao city was gradually destroyed. In 1930, the west gate moon city was demolished; in November 1937, the east gate and the south gate were bombed by the Japanese invaders. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the city walls were gradually misappropriated by residents and schools. So far, only one section of gongchenmen moon city remains. In 2000, in order to cooperate with the reconstruction project of the main hall of the Ten Thousand Buddhas Pavilion, the ancient city wall moved more than 40 meters to the north. At the same time, the watchtower was restored on the city platform. Master Xinliang re inscribed the gate of "Gongchen gate", which made the only section of the ancient city wall in Fengxian District show the style of the past. The ancient city wall site was announced as a county (now District) level cultural relic protection unit in 1997.

Monument to martyr Li Zhuyi

Li Zhu, a martyr, was born in 1892 in Hongmiao Town, Fengxian District. He formally joined the Communist Party of China in 1925 and was the first official member of the Communist Party of China from Fengxian. Comrade Li Zhuyi took an active part in the revolutionary struggle, secretly organized peasant associations and mobilized peasants, salt people and fishermen to actively carry out various struggles. After the "April 12" counter revolutionary incident, Li Zhuyi and Liu Xiao founded Shuguang middle school together in Fengcheng to protect some of the revolutionary forces who survived the failure of the great revolution. In the autumn of 1927, the Fengxian county Party committee of the Communist Party of China was established in Shuguang middle school. As the organization minister, Li Zhu carried out a lot of revolutionary propaganda work. On March 29, 1928, Li Zhu was arrested when he went to Huxi to contact Jiangsu provincial Party committee. On June 21, 1928, he was killed in the prison of Longhua Songhu police headquarters.

After liberation, the people's Government of Fengxian County decided to restore Shuguang middle school. In order to commemorate the martyr Li Zhu Yi, a memorial to the martyr Li Zhu Yi was built in May 1957 in the middle of the Central Avenue of the north gate of Shuguang middle school. At that time, the stele was relatively low, and you can see it when you enter the school gate. The inscription on the monument reads as follows: "Comrade Li Zhuyi, a member of the martyr Communist Party, founded Shuguang middle school in the autumn of 1927 at Pangong temple in Fengcheng and actively carried out revolutionary work. Unfortunately, he was arrested and died in June 1928 at the age of 37. Before his death, he had ordered that a monument be erected in the school, with the title "death deserves its place.". In memory of the martyrs, this monument is erected and Fengcheng middle school is still named Shuguang middle school. Fengxian County People's Committee was established on May 1, 1957. " In 1959, the monument was rebuilt because of its low height and lack of pines and cypresses. During the "Cultural Revolution", influenced by the ultra left trend of thought, he thought that "Liu Xiao has a problem, and Li Zhu Yi is no exception", and smashed the monument of Li Zhu Yi martyr for the reason of displaying the portrait of Chairman Mao. After the "Cultural Revolution", the masses asked the government to properly deal with the issue of Li Zhu Yi Memorial, and the families of the martyrs also sent letters and visits many times, asking for clarification of right and wrong. In June 1978, the Civil Affairs Department of Fengxian county put forward a "report on rebuilding the monument to the martyr Li Zhu Yi" to the Revolutionary Committee of Fengxian County at that time. In order to restore the reputation of the revolutionary martyrs and pass on the revolutionary tradition from generation to generation, it is suggested to rebuild the martyr discipline of Li Zhu Yi in Shuguang middle school

Chinese PinYin : Feng Cheng Lao Jie