Songze ancient cultural site

Songze site

synonym

Songze ancient cultural sites generally refer to Songze sites

Songze site is located about 4 kilometers east of Qingpu County, Shanghai, in Taihu Lake area,

It is a Neolithic site in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China.

The area of Songze site is about 150000 square meters

It is about 500 meters long from east to west and 300 meters wide from north to south

Its history can be traced back to the Majiabang culture 6000 years ago, which is one of the earliest human settlements in Shanghai.

A certain number of weapons, farm implements and small tools, such as bronze spears, bronze tomahawks, bronze cutlery, etc., have been unearthed in the archaeological excavation of the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, which enriches the types of bronze wares in the pre Qin period in Shanghai and has high research value.

In 1962, the Songze site was announced as a cultural relic protection site by Shanghai municipal government

In 2013, it was announced as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

Historical evolution

In 1957, the Songze site was discovered in Songze village, Zhaoxiang Town, Qingpu District, Shanghai by the Shanghai Municipal Commission of cultural relics preservation. Its history can be traced back to the Majiabang culture 6000 years ago. It is one of the earliest human settlements in Shanghai.

In 1958, a fish pond was excavated in the north of the village by the breeding farm of Shanghai Publishing Bureau, and antlers, pottery pieces and stone tools were found, which confirmed the existence of ancient cultural sites.

In 1960, the Shanghai Municipal Cultural Administration Commission carried out a small-scale excavation in this area and found abundant Neolithic Remains on the rockery mound.

In 1961, the first planned excavation was carried out by the Shanghai Municipal Commission of cultural administration in the summer, covering an area of 458 square meters.

From 1974 to 1976, the Shanghai Municipal Commission for cultural administration conducted another planned excavation, covering an area of 202 square meters.

From 1994 to 1995, the Shanghai Municipal Commission of cultural administration excavated the site again.

In 2004, a relatively complete male skull and house base of Majiabang stage, which is known as "the first person in Shanghai" and "the first disease in Shanghai", were found in Songze site.

Site features

Songze site is located in Songze village, Zhaoxiang Town, Qingpu District, Shanghai. It is five kilometers to the east of the central city. It is close to Huqingping highway in the north and five kilometers to beiganshan in the East. Qingping highway passes through the north of the site

. Songze village is low-lying, River vertical and horizontal, north of the village has a length and width of about 90 meters, about 4 meters high mound, known as "rockery pier". The center of the site is the rockery pier

The site covers an area of about 150000 square meters

It is about 500 meters long from east to west and 300 meters wide from north to south

. From the bottom to the top, there are Majiabang culture, Songze culture and Bronze Age relics.

Cultural relics

From bottom to top, there are Majiabang culture, Songze culture and Bronze Age relics.

The hard pottery beans and pots of the spring and autumn and Warring States periods, the original porcelain boxes and beans, as well as the printed hard pottery pieces such as clapping pattern, zigzag pattern, plaid pattern, rice sieve pattern and rice character pattern found in the upper layer of the Songze site are similar to those unearthed from the qijiadun site in Jinshan County.

136 tombs were found in the middle layer of Songze site. There are five tombs in Northeast, north, northwest, South and West, which are a clan cemetery. The burial method is to lay the human body flat on the ground and bury it in soil. The bones of the human body leaned back and straightened their limbs. Several stone tools such as axes and clams, and pottery such as tripods, beans, pots, pots and cups were placed around their heads to the southeast. Some people still have jade in their mouth, jade huang on their neck and jade bracelet on their arms, which is different from the custom of digging earth pits in the Yellow River Basin.

The lower part of the Songze site is the village site of Majiabang culture in the Neolithic age. In the lower part of the village site, stone axes, jade, red pottery cauldrons with sand, pottery furnace sheaths, muddy red pottery beans and pots used by the ancients were found.

History and culture

songze culture

Songze culture is a Neolithic culture in the Yangtze River Delta region of China. The name of Songze culture was named in 1979 based on the results of two excavations in the 1960s and 1970s. The distribution range is centered on Taihu Plain, starting from Zhenjiang in the west, Tongyang Canal in the north and North Bank of Hangzhou Bay in the south. The age is about 4000-3200 BC. There are traces of water wells found in the site. The early jades of Songze culture basically follow the style of the late jades of Majiabang culture. The types of jades are still monotonous, mainly block and Huang. However, some new jades breaking through the category of decoration, such as jade Yue, are occasionally seen. The predecessor of Songze culture is Majiabang culture, followed by Liangzhu culture.

Research value

The discovery of the Songze site provides important information for the study of the history of human development in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, especially the primitive culture of Taihu Lake and the ancient history of Shanghai. A certain number of weapons, farm implements and small tools, such as bronze spear, bronze Tomahawk, bronze chisel, were unearthed from the Songze site during the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, which enriched the types of bronze wares of the pre Qin period in Shanghai and had high research value.

The discovery of Indica Rice in Majiabang culture at Songze site is consistent with the results of sporopollen analysis at Songze site. The emergence of different rice genera proves the progress of ancient crop cultivation techniques and the discovery of artificially cultivated indica rice and japonica rice grains, which proves that the climate conditions at that time and the humid and hot climate are suitable for rice cultivation, indicating that rice was the main agricultural crop in this area in the Neolithic age It is proved that the ancestors of this area have mastered the rice planting technology about 6000 years ago, and people can eat rice more widely, which proves that China is the first country in the world to cultivate rice. The discovery of a typical pig like pottery pig from the Songze site has pushed the history of domestication of pigs in Shanghai forward to more than 6000 years ago. Previous archaeological results have shown that the history of domestication of human pigs is only more than 5000 years. The skulls of "the first man in Shanghai" unearthed from the Songze site provide extremely valuable raw materials for the study of the development of ancient human beings in Shanghai. "The first house in Shanghai" shows that the ancestors of Shanghai more than 6000 years ago no longer lived in the open.

protective measures

In 2011, Shanghai started to build the Songze site museum, which is located in Songze village, Zhaoxiang Town, Qingpu District, Shanghai. The total land area is about 13000 square meters, and the total construction area is 3680 square meters.

In 2014, the Songze site museum began to open, such as the epitome of an ancient village, combining modern with history with a combination of small bridges, flowing water, villages and courtyards.

In 2013, the Songze site was announced as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

Tourism information

geographical position

Songze site is located in Songze village, Zhaoxiang Town, Qingpu District, Shanghai, five kilometers to the east of the central urban area, close to Huqingping highway in the north.

 

Traffic information

Starting from Qingpu District of Shanghai, we arrive at the Songze site through the special line between Shanghai and Zhuzhou.

Address: Zhongze Road, Songze village, Qingpu District, Shanghai

Longitude: 121.16773182154

Latitude: 31.138908200691

Ticket information: free.

Chinese PinYin : Song Ze Gu Wen Hua Yi Zhi