Zhongaifang

In the old days, outside the south city of Kunming, there were three archways: Jinma archway, Biji archway and Zhongai archway. Because the three archways are in the shape of "pin", they are called "pin three archways". Among the three archways, Zhongai archway was the earliest.

Zhongaifang

Zhongai square was built in Yuan Dynasty to commemorate the merits of saidianchi zhansiding, a political official of Wang Pingzhang in Xianyang. The reason why it is named zhongaifang is that when saidianchi was in Yunnan, he was considerate of the people and benefited the people. He was said to be "loyal to the king and loving the people". Among them, the most significant is the irrigation land of jinzhihe River in Kaiyuan, which is more than ten thousand mu. Zhongaifang was destroyed by fire twice. The first time was on May 25, 1857, when the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, Hengchun, was afraid of Ma Xian's desire to "attack the Yamen by putting a big general's gun on the stone lion of Zhongai square". He ordered to shoot the whole arch with a rocket and burn it down, leaving Ma Xian without a gun. At that time, the flames soared, and the buildings of hundreds of years were reduced to ashes in a few hours. It was not until 1882 that Cen Yuying, the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, collected money for renovation. It is worth mentioning that the four pillars of the archway are of the same material and the same size, with a length of four feet and a diameter of about one foot and five inches. The wood used was transported from Songming by Li Weishu, the appointed governor of Yunnan Province. It is reported that the restoration of zhongaifang does not include materials, and the salary alone costs more than 6000 Liang.

brief introduction

Forty years later, at the night of 1924, a fire broke out in the oil and wax hall beside the memorial archway. The fire spread and burned the memorial archway. It turned to ashes in two or three hours. Later, due to the civil war, anti Japanese War and other factors, it was not repaired until the World Horticultural Exposition was held in Kunming in 1999. In order to reproduce the historical and cultural city, the government recently rebuilt zhongaifang in the park near the former sanshijiekou in 1998.

In the old days, outside the south city of Kunming, there were three archways: Jinma archway, Biji archway and Zhongai archway. Because the three archways are in the shape of "pin", they are called "pin three archways". Among the three archways, Zhongai archway was the earliest. According to relevant historical records, zhongaifang was originally built in Shanshan city (today's Kunming City). When Wang Zhanhai built Kunming brick city in Ming Dynasty, he abandoned the old city on the ground that the building of Shanshan city was not connected with the dragon spirit of the mountain from the north, chose another site to build a new city, and zoned zhongaifang outside the city. According to this calculation, zhongaifang was built in the Yuan Dynasty. At that time, zhongaifang was built to commemorate the benevolent government of Xianyang king and Pingzhang political affairs Sai Dianchi in Yunnan. "Loyalty and love" means that he is loyal to the emperor and gives love to the people, so it is called "loyalty and love square".

history

destroy

After its completion, zhongaifang was destroyed twice by fire. The first time was in the seventh year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1857 AD), which was destroyed by Hengchun, governor of Yungui. This year, the Hui wusheng Ma Xian uprising in Jianshui led the rebel army to besiege Kunming. The officers and men of Hengchun's commander held fast to the city. Ma Xian's uprising army could not attack the city for a long time. Ma Xian sent an arrow to warn Hengchun, claiming that if he did not open the city and surrender quickly, "he would use a big gun to stand on the stone Leo of zhongaifang and bombard Zhitai Yamen." After receiving this letter, Hengchun was extremely frightened, and immediately called a meeting of his subordinates to seek defensive strategies. Huang Cong, a member of the Chinese Communist Youth League, offered some advice: "shoot a rocket at Zhongai square and burn the whole archway to make it impossible to mount a gun." According to Huang Cong's plan, Hengchun ordered the city guards to fire dozens of rockets on the wooden structure of Zhongai square. In an instant, the fire soared into the air, and a very valuable historical and cultural building in Kunming turned to ashes a few hours later.

repair

In 1882, cen Yuying, the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, proposed to rebuild zhongaifang. Funded by celebrities and businesses inside and outside the city, construction started in the autumn of the same year and took two years to complete. After reconstruction, zhongaifang is even more magnificent. The pillars of the memorial archway are four fragrant cycas, which are 4 Zhang long and 1.5 feet in diameter. It is said that the four fragrant Cycas were donated by Li Jishu, the appointed governor of Yunnan Province, from Songming. The repair cost of zhongaifang is more than 6000 Liang silver, but the material cost is not included.

Zhongaifang has only been preserved for 43 years since it was restored in the 10th year of Guangxu. At about 10 p.m. on May 15, 1914, a pickle shop named Cui caught fire near zhongaifang. The fire continued to spread and spread, and the fire spread to the memorial archway. The fire came to put out the fire. However, due to the fierce fire and strong wind, the historic building was once again destroyed by the fire. In addition to burning down zhongaifang, some shops nearby also suffered from the fire. Since then, zhongaifang has only kept its name, but not its objects. It was not until the late 1990s that the people's Government of Kunming reconstructed zhongaifang, a famous historical and Cultural Square in Kunming, on the original site of zhongaifang. In the new millennium, the spirit of being loyal to the king and loving the people of saidianchi in Pingzhang's political affairs has been demonstrated and laid a foundation

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Chinese PinYin : Zhong Ai Fang